• Title/Summary/Keyword: self-distributive

Search Result 38, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

Organizational Justice and Employee Behaviors: The Mediating Roles of Trust in CEO and Supervisor (조직공정성과 종업원 행동과의 관계: 최고경영자 및 상사에 대한 신뢰의 매개효과)

  • Cho, Eun-Hyun;Tak, Jin-Kook
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.463-477
    • /
    • 2009
  • This study was intended to examine the mediating roles of trust in CEO and supervisor on the relationships between organizational justice and employee behaviors. Data were collected from 4,055 employees across 18 different companies in Korea. Employees were asked to answer on a self-reported questionnaire. The two dimensions of organizational justice (i.e. procedural justice and distributive justice) were used. Employee behaviors were measured using counter-productive behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. Data were analyzed using a structural equation model. The hypothesized fully mediated model better fitted the data. Relative to distributive justice, procedural justice was more strongly related to both trust in CEO and trust in supervisor. But there were no significant differences in the degree of relationships between the two dimensions of trust and the two types of employee behaviors. These results showed that procedural justice is more important in enhancing trust in leader.

ON GENERALIZED DERIVATIONS OF BE-ALGEBRAS

  • Kim, Kyung Ho
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.227-236
    • /
    • 2014
  • In this paper, we introduce the notion of a generalized derivation in a BE-algebra, and consider the properties of generalized derivations. Also, we characterize the fixed set $Fix_d(X)$ and Kerd by generalized derivations. Moreover, we prove that if d is a generalized derivation of a BE-algebra, every filter F is a d-invariant.

ON DERIVATIONS OF BE-ALGEBRAS

  • Kim, Kyung Ho;Lee, Sang Moon
    • Honam Mathematical Journal
    • /
    • v.36 no.1
    • /
    • pp.167-178
    • /
    • 2014
  • In this paper, we introduce the notion of derivation in a BE-algebra, and consider the properties of derivations. Also, we characterize the fixed set $Fix_d(X)$ and Kerd by derivations. Moreover, we prove that if d is a derivation of BE-algebra, every filter F is a d-invariant.

ON f-DERIVATIONS OF BE-ALGEBRAS

  • Kim, Kyung Ho;Davvaz, B.
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.28 no.1
    • /
    • pp.127-138
    • /
    • 2015
  • In this paper, we introduce the notion of f-derivation in a BE-algebra, and consider the properties of f-derivations. Also, we characterize the fixed set $Fix_d(X)$ and Kerd by f-derivations. Moreover, we prove that if d is a f-derivation of a BE-algebra, every f-filter F is a a d-invariant.

Commutative Ideals in BE-algebras

  • Rezaei, Akbar;Saeid, Arsham Borumand
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
    • /
    • v.52 no.4
    • /
    • pp.483-494
    • /
    • 2012
  • In this paper we study properties of commutative BE-algebras and we give the construction of quotient (X/I; *, I) of a commutative BE-algebra X via an obstinate ideal I of X. We construct upper semilattice and prove that is a nearlattice. Finally we define and study commutative ideals in BE-algebras.

ON POSITIVE IMPLICATIVE FILTERS IN BE-ALGEBRAS

  • Kim, Young Hee;Park, Jung Hee
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.27 no.3
    • /
    • pp.419-426
    • /
    • 2014
  • In this paper, we introduce the notion of a positive implicative filter in BE-algebras. We show that every positive implicative filter is a filter in BE-algebras. We give some examples that a filter may not be a positive implicative filter and also a positive implicative filter may be not an implicative filter in BE-algebras. We also give some equivalent conditions of a positive implicative filter in BE-algebras.

The Determinants of Propensity To Stay Among Hospital Nurses (병원간호직 근무자의 근속성향 결정요인)

  • Seo, Young-Joon;Ko, Jong-Wook
    • Korea Journal of Hospital Management
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.137-161
    • /
    • 1997
  • This study purports to investigate the determinants of propensity to stay among nursing staff working at Korean hospitals. The independent variables contains three groups of determinants: environmental variables(job opportunity, spouse support, and parent support), psychological variables(met expectations, work involvement, positive affectivity, and negative affectivity), and structural variables(job autonomy, work unit control. routinization, supervisor support, coworker support, role ambiguity, role conflict, workload, resource inadequacy, distributive justice, promotional chances. job security, job hazards, and pay). The sample used in this study consisted of 329 nurses and 175 nurse aides from two university hospitals in Seoul and its surburbs. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the following variables, listed in order of size, have significant positive effects on propensity to stay among hospital nursing staff: job satisfaction, met expectations, supervisor support, job security, and positive affectivity, (2) the following variables, listed in order of size, have significant negative total effects on propensity to stay among hospital nursing staff: job opportunity, negative affectivity, and rutinization, (3) the model explains 44.2 percent of the variance in propensity to stay among nursing staff working at two university hospitals, and (4) managerial support for improving the job autonomy, distributive justice, and promotional opportunity for nurse aides are needed.

  • PDF

The Impact of Justice of Layoff on Management Trust, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in the Hotel Corporations (호텔기업에 있어 구조조정상의 공정성 지각이 경영진의 신뢰, 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Young-Soon;Ahn, Dae-Hee
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
    • /
    • v.18 no.1
    • /
    • pp.115-139
    • /
    • 2008
  • Since financial crisis of IMF resulted in intensive competitiveness and adverse management environment, many hotel industries have responded it with restructuring. Since this restructuring is accompanied by reduction of employees, hence comes the recognition of justice in the procedure of restructuring. When the surviving employees in the restructuring process recognize unfairness in the procedure and practical operations, organization effectiveness can not be maintained due to losing trust of their employers. In this paper I will examine the relationship between validity of restructuring and compensatory programs for layoffs and surviving employees' trust of the employers. Also I will find out the relationship between remaining employees' trust of the employers and their job satisfaction and organization commitment. Through this relationship, we can prepare an alternative to reduce negative effect of restructuring. The hypotheses of this study are proposed as follows: H1: The higher surviving employees' recognition of procedural justice in restructuring process is, the higher their trust with a manager of the company is. H2: The higher surviving employees' recognition of distributive justice in restructuring process is, the higher their trust with a manager of the company is. H3: The higher surviving employees' recognition of procedural justice in restructuring process is, the higher their job satisfaction is. H4: The higher surviving employees' recognition of distributive justice in restructuring process is, the higher their job satisfaction is. H5: The higher surviving employees' recognition of procedural justice in restructuring process is, the higher their organization commitment is. H6: The higher surviving employees' recognition of distributive justice in restructuring process is, the higher their organization commitment is. H7: The higher surviving employees' trust with a manager of the company in restructuring process is, the higher their job satisfaction is. H8: The higher surviving employees' trust with a manager of the company in restructuring process is, the higher their organization commitment is. For the purposes of this study, employees working in luxury hotels located in Seoul were targeted. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to those who consented with the investigation after explaining the purpose of the survey. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and 450 questionnaire were returned to the researcher for analysis. 430 of the returned questionnaires were used for analysis. As for the education for this survey, 250 junior college graduates or under (58.1%), 143 college graduates (33.3%) and 37 graduate school graduates (8.6%). As for the marital status, 315 persons (73.3%) are single and 115 are married (26.7%). As for the monthly income, 49 people (11.48%) are less than 2 million won, 148 (34.4%) are between 2 million and less than 2.5 million won, 153 (35.6%) are between 2.5 million to less than 3 million won, 80 (18.6%) are more than 3 million won. As for the workplace, 293 people (68.1%) work for the F&B department, 73 (17.0%) for rooms department, 41 (9.5%) for operation/ marketing department, 23 (5.3%) for account/ general affair department. As for the period of employment, 85 people (19.8%) are less than 5 years, 150 (34.9%) are between 6 to 9 years, 143 (33.3%) are between 10 to 14 years. and 52 (3.%) are more than 15 years. An exploratory factor analysis was used to survey validity and reliability of calculating tool on perceived values. This study used correlation between individual items and whole items and Cronbach's alpha value of multiple-item scale which is usually used to assess scale and reliability. Reliability of conceptual sub-dimension was assessed by basing on repeated procedure of correlation between individual items and whole items and factor loading. 1. Verification of correlation between validity of restructuring and trust This research showed that procedural and distributive justice of restructuring affects trust positively. The path coefficient between procedural justice of restructuring and trust is 0.719(t=10.135, p=0.000), and thereby the higher procedural justice results in higher trust. The path coefficient between distributive justice of restructuring and trust is 0.160(t=3.291, p=0.001), and thereby the higher distributive justice results in higher trust. Hence H1 and H2 are accepted. 2. Verification of correlation between validity of restructuring and job satisfaction The path coefficient between procedural justice of restructuring and job satisfaction is 0.179(t=2.202, p=0.028), and thereby the higher procedural justice results in higher job satisfaction. The path coefficient between distributive justice of restructuring and job satisfaction is 0.074(t=1.620, p=0.105), and thereby distributive justice of restructuring has no relationship with job satisfaction. Hence H3 is accepted, but H4 is removed. 3. Verification of correlation between validity of restructuring and organization commitment The path coefficient between procedural justice of restructuring and organization commitment is 0.188(t=2.466, p=0.014), and thereby the higher procedural justice results in higher organization commitment. The path coefficient between distributive justice of restructuring and organization commitment is 0.118(t=2.720, p=0.007), and thereby the higher distributive justice results in higher organization commitment. Hence H5 and H6 are accepted. 4. Verification of correlation between trust and job satisfaction The path coefficient between trust and job satisfaction is 0.610(t=6.736, p=0.000), and thereby the correlation has a meaningful result. Since the higher trust of the employer results in higher job satisfaction, H7 is accepted. 5. Verification of correlation between trust and organization commitment The path coefficient between procedural justice of restructuring and job satisfaction is 0.446(t=5.547 p=0.000), and thereby the higher trust of the employer results in higher organization commitment. Hence H8 is accepted. This research aimed to help the employers of hotel industries by analyzing the effects of validity of restructuring on employees' trust, job satisfaction and organization commitment. The research found that employer's validity of restructuring has significant affects on the degree of employee's trust with a manager, thereby reducing the negative effects of restructuring and enhancing organization commitment and job satisfaction. The principal purpose of this research is to confirm the correlation between employees' perceived validity of restructuring and their trust with a manager. Also whether this correlation results in competitive edge of the company is also investigated. It is also pointed out that employees had to participated the procedure of restructuring, sharing the philosophy and reason of restructuring. This participation and furthermore compensatory methods can reduce employees' anxiety of organization operations. Variable of trust appeared to have impact on intermediation effect between perceived variable of validity and job satisfaction, organization commitment, so that increase of trust with a manager plays an crucial role in increasing organization effectiveness. Since this research did not cover whole hotel industries which underwent restructuring, it showed a limit. Unlike previous studies which dealt with validity and trust of superior bosses, this research focussed on employers. Also the organization citizenship which is not considered in this study will be dealt with in the future study.

  • PDF

The influence of in-group favoritism on 5 to 6-year-olds' resource-allocation decisions (5-6세 아동의 분배 결정에 내집단 선호가 미치는 영향)

  • Cha, Minjung;Song, Hyun-joo
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.241-261
    • /
    • 2015
  • The current study investigated whether in-group bias affects 5- to 6-year-old children's resource-allocation decisions. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to allocate 10 stickers between a friend (an in-group member) and a stranger (an out-group member). Children allocated significantly more stickers to friends than to strangers, suggesting that they made distributive decisions in favor of their in-group members, when they were not the beneficiary of a resource-allocation. In Experiment 2, we examined whether being one of the recipients in the resource-allocation game would affect children's decisions. The procedure was identical to that of Experiment 1 except that participants were asked to allocate stickers between themselves and a friend or a stranger. The children showed selfish distributions regardless of recipients. These results indicate that when children become one of the recipients in a resource-allocation, their self-interests override their preference for in-group members.

SOME PROPERTIES OF DERIVATIONS ON CI-ALGEBRAS

  • Lee, Yong Hoon;Rhee, Min Surp
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.297-307
    • /
    • 2014
  • The present paper gives the notion of a derivation on a CI-algebra X and investigates related properties. We define a set $Fix_d(X)$ by $Fix_d(X)=\{x{\in}X{\mid}d(x)=x\}$, where d is a derivation on a CI-algebra X. We show that $Fix_d(X)$ is a subalgebra of X. Also, we prove some one-to-one and onto derivation theorems. Moreover, we study a regular derivation on a CI-algebra and an isotone derivation on a transitive CI-algebra.