• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 'strata-fossils' STEAM program with questions on the academic achievement, creative problem-solving ability and scientific interests of elementary students. For this purpose, the STEAM program with questions was developed and applied to the third and fourth graders in elementary school. As a result, the academic achievement, creative problem-solving ability and scientific interests of the group applying the program showed a significant improvement in the post-test than the pre-test. The result of learner satisfaction survey of the STEAM program was also high. This means that the STEAM program class with questions for 'strata-fossils' could be meaningful works to encourage students' academic achievement as well as their creative problem-solving ability and scientific interests. Therefore, it seems necessary to apply for other themes in elementary science continuously.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.263-274
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of STEAM program on students' academic achievement, creative problem-solving ability, scientific inquiry ability and scientific interests of elementary school students. For this, we developed a STEAM program to utilize animation production about 'structure and function of the our body' unit in 5th grade. The STEAM program was developed for a total of 9 sessions and was applied to the experimental group. The theoretical lesson of the 2009 revised curriculum was consisted of 11 sessions and was applied to the comparative group. The results of study showed significant differences of the students' academic achievement, creative problem-solving ability to the experimental group participating in the STEAM program and also showed significant effects in the domains of subject contents and teacher preference, which are the areas of scientific interests compared to the comparative group. This means that the STEAM program to utilize animation production about 'structure and function of the our body' developed in consideration of the characteristics of elementary students positively influenced the academic achievement, creative problem-solving ability and scientific interests of elementary school students. In the future we need to develop STEAM programs more variously that utilize animation production and that it needs to be applied to elementary schools.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 1991

This study pursued to find out the degree to which educational objectives are pursued in the 3rd and 5th grade science instructional of an elementary school. Twenty science instruional hours are observed during two month from May to July, 1989. Klopfer's science educational objectives system is used as the tool of objective analysis. Questionnaires for the ideal proportions of the educational objectives are answered by the professors and elementary school teachers. The writers regarded those results as the ideal proportions of the educational objectives. Results from the analysis of the instruction are as follows : 1. Results from analysis of the instruction in the third grade are as follows : knowledge and comprehension (A. 0) objectives are found to be pursued. about 40%. scientific inquiry process(B. 0-E. 0) objectives, about 29%, application of scientific knowledge and methods(F. 0) objectives. about 10%, manual skills(G. 0) objectives, about 11%, scientific attitudes and interests(H. 0) objectives, about 10% and orientation(I. 0) objectives is not pursued. 2. Results from analysis of the instruction in the fifth grade are as follows: knowledge and comprehension(A. 0) objectives are found to be pursued. about 31%, scientific inquiry process (B. 0-E. 0) objectives. about 38%, application of scientific knowledge and methods (F. 0) objectives, about 13%, manual skills(G. 0) objectives, about 7%, scientific attitudes and interests(H. 0) objectives, about 10%. 3. Results from the ideal proportions are as follows : Knowledge and comprehension(A. 0) objectives, 20.5%, scientific inquiry process(B. 0-E. 0) objectives, 46.5%, application of scientific knowledge and methods(F. 0) objectives. 8%, manual skills(G. 0) objectives. 9.5%, scientific attitudes and interests (H. 0) objectives, 9% and orientation(I. 0) objectives, 6.5%. 4. "You ideality index" is 29 in the third grade and 23 in the fifth grade. Science instruction of the fifth grade can be interpreted to be nearer to the ideal instruction in terms of educational objectives.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.84-99
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a STEAM program using technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) model to effectively utilize technology to solve the difficulties in the teaching of 'structure and function of our body' unit in the primary science curriculum and to confirm the effect on the academic achievement, creative problem solving ability and scientific interests of elementary students. The program was developed as the STEAM program of the 8th class by utilizing the construction knowledge of the TPACK model. The developed program was applied to 29 experimental group students in 5th grade. And the textbook-oriented circulatory system learning program was applied to 29 5th graders in the same school. As a result of the application of the program, the experimental group showed significant improvement over the comparison group in its creative problem solving ability and scientific interests, and the satisfaction of the class was also high. This caused a positive effect on students because the process of self-directing information about the circulatory system using smart devices, making outputs creatively using 3D printers, and presenting them through role play using produced outputs.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.41-63
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of an 'Ice' project, a topic chosen based on children's interests to discover the improvement of scientific and mathematical abilities, and creativity of four-year-old children. Methods: For this research, 34 four-year-old children from M childcare center were selected. Seventeen children were placed in the experimental group and the remaining 17 children were placed in the comparison group. After the project was completed, to observe the differences between the two groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was conducted. Results: First, the 'Ice' project had an effect on improving children's scientific abilities and its subfactors. Second, the 'Ice' project hadsignificant effects on improving children's algebraic and geometric mathematical skills. Third, excluding the resistance to premature closure among the subfactors of creativity, the 'Ice' project contributed to improve children's creativity and all sub-factors. Conclusion/Implications: The 'Ice' project activities, a subject chosen from the interests of children, led active play participation from children and brought positive effects in immersion of play and activity. Such effects proved to affect children's scientific abilities, mathematical abilities, and creativity, and suggest this research can be used as base line data in follow-up research on various project activities.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.243-252
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze affective characteristics and the demands of elementary science gifted students on gifted educations in urban and rural areas. The subjects were 196 science gifted students. The survey questionnaires were consisted of self-esteem, interests in science, scientific attitudes, and demands regarding gifted classes. The results of this study were as follows. First, self-esteem and interests in science, particularly interests toward science, toward science learning, toward science related careers, in urban gifted students were higher than those in rural areas. Whereas interests toward science activities and science anxiety of science gifted students in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban area. Furthermore, scientific attitudes of science gifted students in urban area were higher than rural those in open-mindedness, critical-mindedness, voluntariness, creativity, whereas science gifted students in rural areas were higher than urban those in cooperation. Second, for the analysis on demands regarding class contents and methods, 'teaching content that challenges and exciting stimuli' of science gifted students in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban area. Third, for the analysis on demands regarding educational environments, 'satisfaction with class materials provided by gifted classes' of gifted students in urban area were higher than those in rural area.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.189-198
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the We Start center visiting intervention program on the positive changes in the developmental areas and literacy interests of young children from low-income families. The subjects were 195 young children (109 in the experimental group, M=71.7 months; 86 in the control group, M=73.3 months) living in We Start areas (Ansan, Gwangmyeong, and Suwon cities) of Gyeonggi-do. The We Start center visiting intervention programs were conducted for 30-34 weeks in each city, and pre-tests and post-tests were conducted before and after the intervention programs. The instruments used were the developmental checklist and the literacy interests test The developmental checklist consisted of 7 domains (personality & sociality; language, reading, & writing; scientific thinking; mathematical thinking; arts; social learning; and physical development). The literacy interests test consisted of 2 factors (interest in literacy and interaction during activity). The scores on the developmental checklist showed positive changes in several domains (personality & social development; language, reading, & writing ability; scientific thinking; and social learning), but not in mathematical thinking, arts, and physical development. Second, the results of the literacy interests test showed positive effects on interaction during activity and the total score. In conclusion, the We Start center visiting program for young children from low-income families is an effective early intervention program to end the intergenerational transference of poverty in Korea.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.279-286
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• 2005

This thesis aims to know about the effect science club activities have on the students' science-related attitude. The subjects are 551 high-school students who consists of the students who participate in science club activities and students who don't participate in science club activities. The questionnaires include the questions about cognition of science, interests toward science, and scientific attitudes which belong to the affective domain of Science. The answers are analyzed using by SPSS 11.5 program. This survey shows that whether or not students participate in science club activities affects the cognition of science, the interests toward science, and the scientific attitudes. In other words, science club activities affirmatively enhance the cognition of science, cultivate the thinking power about science, enlarge problem-solving ability by knowing how to survey natural phenomenon, increase the insight into science and help to cope with technological changes. Therefore, since science club activities affect the cognition of science, the interest toward science, and the scientific attitudes in the affective domain of Science, much consideration and concern should be given to science club activities so that students can cherish science club activities and deal with club activities with more attention.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.31-69
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• 2018

This study examines the role of science in resolving trade disputes. After the Great East Japan Earthquake of 11 March 2011 that not only jeopardized the people of Japan, but also put the safety of an entire region at risk, the Republic of Korea (Korea) has imposed import bans as well as increased testing and certification requirements for radioactive material on Japanese food products. Japan has challenged these restrictions at the World Trade Organizations Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). This study aims to explain how international trade agreements and previous DSB rulings have dealt with different scientific viewpoints provided by confronting parties. In doing so, it will contrast the viewpoints espoused by Korean and Japanese representatives, and then analyzes the most similar case studies previously ruled on by the DSB, including the case of beef hormones and the case of genetically modified crops including biotech corn, both between the United States and the European Communities (EC). This study finds that science is largely subordinate to national interests in the case of state decision-making within the dispute settlement processes, and science has largely been relegated to a supportive role. Due to the ambiguity and lack of truly decisive decisions in the Appellate Body in science-based trade disputes, this study concludes that the Appellate Body avoids taking a firm scientific position in cases where science is still inconclusive in any capacity. Due to the panel's unwillingness to establish expert review boards as it has the power to do, instead favoring an individual-based system so that all viewpoints can be heard, it has also developed a system with its own unique weaknesses. Similar to any court of law in which each opposing party defends its own interests, each side brings whatever scientific evidence it can to defend its position, incentivizing them to disregard scientific conclusions unfavorable to their position. With so many questions that can arise, combined with the problems of evolving science, questions of risk, and social concerns in democratic society, it is no wonder that the panel views scientific information provided by the experts as secondary to the legal and procedural issues. Despite being ruled against the EC on legal issues in two previous cases, the EC essentially won both times because the panel did not address whether its science was correct or not. This failure to conclusively resolve a debate over whose science is more scientific enabled the EC to simply fix the procedural issues, while continuing to enforce trade restrictions based on their scientific evidence. Based on the analysis of the two cases of disputes, Korea may also find itself guilty of imposing an unwarranted moratorium on Japan's fish exports, only to subsequently pass new restrictions on labelling and certification requirements because Japan may have much scientific evidence at its disposal. However, Korea might be able to create enough uncertainty in the panel to force them to rule exclusively on the legal issues of the case. This will then equip Korea, like the EC in the past, with a way of working around the ruling, by changing whatever legal procedure they need to while maintaining some, if not most, of its restrictions when the panel fails to address its case on scientific grounds.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.14
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• pp.93-130
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• 1987

Scientific communication is an information exchange activity between scientists. Scientific communication is carried out in a variety of informal and formal ways. Basically, informal communication takes place by word of mouth, whereas formal communication occurs via the written word. Science is a highly interdependent activity in which each scientist builds upon the work of colleagues past and present. Consequently, science depends heavily on scientific communication. In this study, three mathematical models, namly Brillouin measure, logistic equation, and Markov chain are examined. These models provide one with a means of describing and predicting the behavior of scientific communication process. These mathematical models can be applied to construct quality filtering algorithms for subject literature which identify synthesized elements (authors, papers, and journals). Each suggests a different type of application. Quality filtering for authors can be useful to funding agencies in terms of identifying individuals doing the best work in a given area or subarea. Quality filtering with respect to papers can be useful in constructing information retrieval and dissemination systems for the community of scientists interested m the field. The quality filtering of journals can be a basis for the establishment of small quality libraries based on local interests in a variety of situations, ranging from the collection of an individual scientist or physician to research centers to developing countries. The objective of this study is to establish the theoretical framework for informetrics which is defined as the quantitative analysis of scientific communication, by investigating mathematical models of scientific communication.