• ALGAE
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.217-240
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• 2023

Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) isolated from seaweed have emerged as remarkable bioactive compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activities and have substantial value in the scientific and industrial domains. The current study explores the diverse biological activities of SPs and their relationship with their structures. This aids in an in-depth examination of the multifaceted biological activities of SPs, including anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, which underpin their potential health benefits. Furthermore, the current study explores the complicated properties of SPs, with their extraction methodologies and techniques for precise characterization. Elucidation of the commercial significance of SPs derived from brown, red, and green seaweed by highlighting their potential applications has emphasized their importance in human well-being. Further, this review emphasizes the challenges needed to overcome research and industrial innovations for SPs. Collaboration among researchers, industry stakeholders, and regulatory authorities can overcome these challenges and elevate the potential of SPs to revolutionize industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, food, and biotechnology.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2008

Recently, there has been scientific discussion on the utility of -omics techniques such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics within toxicological research and mechanism-based risk assessment. Toxicogenomics is a novel approach integrating the expression analysis of genes (genomic) or proteins (proteomic) with traditional toxicological methods. Since 1999, the toxicogenomic approach has been extensively applied for regulatory purposes in order to understand the potential toxic mechanisms that result from chemical compound exposures. Therefore, this article's purpose was to consider the utility of toxicogenomic profiles for improved risk assessment, explore the current limitations in applying toxicogenomics to regulation, and finally, to rationalize possible avenues to resolve some of the major challenges. Based on many recent works, the significant impact toxicogenomic techniques would have on human health risk assessment is better identification of toxicity pathways or mode-of-actions (MOAs). In addition, the application of toxicogenomics in risk assessment and regulation has proven to be cost effective in terms of screening unknown toxicants prior to more extensive and costly experimental evaluation. However, to maximize the utility of these techniques in regulation, researchers and regulators must resolve many parallel challenges with regard to data collection, integration, and interpretation. Furthermore, standard guidance has to be prepared for researchers and assessors on the scientifically appropriate use of toxicogenomic profiles in risk assessment. The National Institute of Toxicological Research (NITR) looks forward to an ongoing role as leader in addressing the challenges associated with the scientifically sound use of toxicogenomics data in risk assessment.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.364-374
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• 2022

Health information systems (HIS) are facing security challenges on data privacy and confidentiality. These challenges are based on centralized system architecture creating a target for malicious attacks. Blockchain technology has emerged as a trending technology with the potential to improve data security. Despite the effectiveness of this technology, still HIS are suffering from a lack of data privacy and confidentiality. This paper presents a blockchain-based data storage security architecture integrated with an e-Health care system to improve its security. The study employed a qualitative research method where data were collected using interviews and document analysis. Execute-order-validate Fabric's storage security architecture was implemented through private data collection, which is the combination of the actual private data stored in a private state, and a hash of that private data to guarantee data privacy. The key findings of this research show that data privacy and confidentiality are attained through a private data policy. Network peers are decentralized with blockchain only for hash storage to avoid storage challenges. Cost-effectiveness is achieved through data storage within a database of a Hyperledger Fabric. The overall performance of Fabric is higher than Ethereum. Ethereum's low performance is due to its execute-validate architecture which has high computation power with transaction inconsistencies. E-Health care system administrators should be trained and engaged with blockchain architectural designs for health data storage security. Health policymakers should be aware of blockchain technology and make use of the findings. The scientific contribution of this study is based on; cost-effectiveness of secured data storage, the use of hashes of network data stored in each node, and low energy consumption of Fabric leading to high performance.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.421-433
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• 2023

이 연구는 초등 과학 영재가 보이는 추론 사례를 분석하여 SSI 추론 유형별 근거 활용의 특징과 의사결정의 어려움을 이해하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 코로나19 관련 쓰레기 문제에 대한 SSI 수업에 참여한 초등 과학 영재 학생 17명의 발화 내용과 학습지를 비형식적 추론의 유형 분석틀로 분석하였으며, 추론의 근거에 따라 이성적 유형, 감정적 유형, 직관적 유형의 3가지로 구분하였다. 분석 결과, 학생들은 SSI 추론의 근거 활용별로 다음의 특징을 보였다. 첫째, 이성적 유형에서 학생들은 과학적 지식과 수치·통계를 객관적 근거로 중요하게 여기고 기록하였다. 반면 객관적 근거를 기록하지 않은 학생들은 이후의 의사결정에 소극적이었다. 둘째, 감정적 유형에서 학생들이 어느 관점에 공감하여 추론하느냐에 따라 제시한 해결책도 달랐다. 이는 학생들이 공감한 대상 외의 SSI에 관한 다양한 입장을 고려하지 못하는 어려움으로도 이어졌다. 셋째, 직관적 유형에서 학생들은 다른 모둠원이 제시한 의견에 반대하면서도 그 이유를 정확한 용어로 설명하지 않았다. 이는 학생들이 문제 해결을 하지 않거나 근거를 비판적으로 검토하지 않는 어려움으로도 이어졌다. 넷째, 두 가지 유형이 결합된 사례도 나타났다. 직관적 유형은 이성적, 감정적 유형에 앞서 나타났다. 직관적 유형은 감정적 유형과 결합되었을 때 개인의 경험과 공감을 바탕으로 감정 이입을 심화시켰으며, 이성적 유형과 결합되었을 때에는 즉각적인 반응으로 그쳤다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 논의를 통해 SSI 수업에서의 교수 지식 연구가 나아가야 할 방향을 비형식적 추론 유형별 근거 활용의 특징과 의사결정의 어려움 관점에서 제언하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze affective characteristics and the demands of elementary science gifted students on gifted educations in urban and rural areas. The subjects were 196 science gifted students. The survey questionnaires were consisted of self-esteem, interests in science, scientific attitudes, and demands regarding gifted classes. The results of this study were as follows. First, self-esteem and interests in science, particularly interests toward science, toward science learning, toward science related careers, in urban gifted students were higher than those in rural areas. Whereas interests toward science activities and science anxiety of science gifted students in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban area. Furthermore, scientific attitudes of science gifted students in urban area were higher than rural those in open-mindedness, critical-mindedness, voluntariness, creativity, whereas science gifted students in rural areas were higher than urban those in cooperation. Second, for the analysis on demands regarding class contents and methods, 'teaching content that challenges and exciting stimuli' of science gifted students in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban area. Third, for the analysis on demands regarding educational environments, 'satisfaction with class materials provided by gifted classes' of gifted students in urban area were higher than those in rural area.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.145-159
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• 2021

Conventional nutrition services involve producer-oriented approaches without considering the differences in the characteristics and circumstances of each individual, whereas personalized nutrition services are consumer-oriented concepts that provide products and services for maintaining optimal health conditions based on the genetic, physiological, and metabolic characteristics of individuals, with these products based on balanced nutrition and healthy living. Currently, methods for evaluating dietary habits, monitoring dietary behaviors, deep phenotyping, and metabotyping via microbiota profiling, as well as methods for predicting big data by using machine learning, have been previously studied in Korea and abroad. With the development of medical technology and the improvement of hygiene, the demand for personalized nutrition and health services for healthier, happier, and more satisfying lives is rapidly increasing. Therefore, based on scientific technologies, attempts are needed to advance these services into global personalized markets and to boost the global competitiveness of countries and companies.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.1-1
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• 2003

It is clear that computers will play a key role in the biology of the future. Even now, it is virtually impossible to keep track of the key proteins, their names and associated gene names, physical constants(e.g. binding constants, reaction constants, etc.), and hewn physical and genetic interactions without computational assistance. In this sense, computers act as an auxiliary brain, allowing one to keep track of thousands of complex molecules and their interactions. With the advent of gene expression array technology, many experiments are simply impossible without this computer assistance. In the future, as we seek to integrate the reductionist description of life provided by genomic sequencing into complex and sophisticated models of living systems, computers will play an increasingly important role in both analyzing data and generating experimentally testable hypotheses. The future of bioinformatics is thus being driven by potent technological and scientific forces. On the technological side, new experimental technologies such as microarrays, protein arrays, high-throughput expression and three-dimensional structure determination prove rapidly increasing amounts of detailed experimental information on a genomic scale. On the computational side, faster computers, ubiquitous computing systems, high-speed networks provide a powerful but rapidly changing environment of potentially immense power. The challenges we face are enormous: How do we create stable data resources when both the science and computational technology change rapidly? How do integrate and synthesize information from many disparate subdisciplines, each with their own vocabulary and viewpoint? How do we 'liberate' the scientific literature so that it can be incorporated into electronic resources? How do we take advantage of advances in computing and networking to build the international infrastructure needed to support a complete understanding of biological systems. The seeds to the solutions of these problems exist, at least partially, today. These solutions emphasize ubiquitous high-speed computation, database interoperation, federation, and integration, and the development of research networks that capture scientific knowledge rather than just the ABCs of genomic sequence. 1 will discuss a number of these solutions, with examples from existing resources, as well as area where solutions do not currently exist with a view to defining what bioinformatics and biology will look like in the future.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

Detecting obstacles and generating a suitable path to avoid obstacles in real time is a prime mission requirement for UAVs. In areas, close to buildings and people, detecting obstacles in the path and estimating its own position (egomotion) in GPS degraded/denied environments are usually addressed with vision-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) techniques. This presents possibilities and challenges for the feasible path generation with constraints of vehicle dynamics in the configuration space. In this paper, a near real-time feasible path is shown to be generated in the ORB-SLAM framework using a chain-based path planning approach in a force field with dynamic constraints on path length and minimum turn radius. The chain-based path plan approach generates a set of nodes which moves in a force field that permits modifications of path rapidly in real time as the reward function changes. This is different from the usual approach of generating potentials in the entire search space around UAV, instead a set of connected waypoints in a simulated chain. The popular ORB-SLAM, suited for real time approach is used for building the map of the environment and UAV position and the UAV path is then generated continuously in the shortest time to navigate to the goal position. The principal contribution are (a) Chain-based path planning approach with built in obstacle avoidance in conjunction with ORB-SLAM for the first time, (b) Generation of path with minimum overheads and (c) Implementation in near real time.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.563-570
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• 2018

1900년대부터 시작된 노벨상 제도를 통하여 세계적으로 천 명 이상의 수상자를 배출하였다. 그러나 한국은 과학 분야에서 수상자를 배출하지 못하고 있다. 노벨 과학상이 가능한 토양을 만들기 위하여 과학행정, 관료문화, 공교육 등 여러 가지 측면에서 많은 고민과 개선이 필요하다. 과학행정 분야에서는 성장주의 및 권위주의가 큰 걸림돌이 되고 있는 것으로 보인다. 과학기술을 정책적 수단으로 성장시킬 수 있으며 과학기술의 성과는 바로 돈으로 연결된다는 생각은 노벨상을 위한 건강한 토양이 아니다. 단기성과 위주의 과학정책과 정량적 평가 중심의 연구지원 체계도 걸림돌이 된다. 창의성과 도전의 가치를 드높이는 학교 교육이 필요하다. 실패에 대해 관용하고 시행착오를 통해 얻은 경험의 가치를 높게 평가하는 사회적 공감대가 필요하다. 실패를 각오하고 연구를 해야 성공할 수 있다. 돈이 되지 않는 것을 연구하려고 해야 돈이 될 수 있다. 노벨상을 의식하지 않는 연구해야 노벨상에 접근할 수 있다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.421-427
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• 2012

Nepal is one of the least urbanized countries in the world where more than 80% of the total population live in rural areas. In recent years, the rate of urbanization became rampant which ultimately accelerated immense pressure on municipal services, especially on managing the ever increasing amount of wastes. Due to lack of technology, infrastructure and financial capacity management of increasing amount of solid waste has become a major challenge in municipalities of Nepal. The indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes already affected the urban environment by creating a serious occupational health and environmental hazard to the vicinity of the dumping sites. However, there is great possibility of recovering methane from the landfill sites since the typical Nepalese municipal solid waste contains more than 65% of organic wastes. Despite having enormous potential of generating electricity from hydropower, Nepal is facing acute shortage of energy. Therefore, comprehensive scientific research and development is necessary for making solid waste to environmentally friendly by converting waste to the energy.