• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.373-387
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• 2009

이 연구의 목적은 관악구 생활과학교실의 과학학습에서 나타나는 부모의 역할을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 생활과학교실에 참여한 부모와 아동 중 연구에 자발적으로 참여한 20쌍을 대상으로 총 75개의 수업을 녹음하였으며 이를 전사하여 분석하였다. 또한, 생활과학교실에 참여하는 모든 부모와 아동을 대상으로 사전, 사후 설문조사를 실시하여, 관악구 생활과학교실에 대한 의견을 알아보았다. 연구 결과, 부모는 학습안내자로서 아동의 학습을 안내하는 역할 뿐만 아니라 부모 자신이 학습자로서 참여한 것으로 나타났다. 학습안내자로서의 역할을 좀더 세부적으로 범주화하면 '실험 과정 안내자', '인지적 촉진자', '참여적 환경 조성자', '권위적 조절자'로 구별할 수 있었다. 학습자로서 부모의 역할은 '적극적 학습자', '상호 협력하는 동료 학습자', '권위적인 선도 학습자'로 좀더 세분화 될 수 있었다. 이러한 7개의 범주화된 부모의 역할들이 실제 수업에서는 어느 정도로 나타나고 있는지 분석한 결과, '실험 과정 안내자'가 34.5%로 가장 자주 나타났고, 뒤이어 '인지적 촉진자' (21.3%), '적극적인 학습자' (16.5%), '상호 협력하는 동료 학습자' (15.1%), '참여적 환경 조성자' (8.7%), '권위적인 선도 학습자' (2.7%), '권위적 조절자' (1.6%)의 순서로 나타났다. 본 연구는 관악구 생활과학교실의 과학학습에서 나타난 부모의 역할과 부모와 아동 사이의 상호작용에 대한 기본적인 정보를 제공하고 있다. 추후 프로그램의 개발에 부모의 참여가 미치는 긍정적인 측면은 강조한다면 생활과학교실을 통한 부모들과 아동들의 과학에 대한 이해를 더욱 촉진시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2003

본 질적 연구에서는 사범대학에서의 예비교사 교육과 현직 교사 재교육의 개선방안에 대한 현장 교사들의 의견을 수렴하였다. 현장에서 좋은 수업을 실천하고 있는 사례로 선정된 10명의 과학 교사들과의 심층면담을 통하여 그들이 진단하는 교사양성 교육과 재교육 실태 및 개선방안을 분석하였다. 사범대학에서의 예비교사 교육과 관련하여 좋은 수업을 하는 현장의 과학교사들은 (1) 사범대학이 교사양성 기관으로서의 정체성을 확보해야 하며, (2) 이론과 실제가 조화된 교육과정을 통하여 현장과의 연계성을 고려한 교사양성 교육을 실시해야 하고, 이를 위하여 (3) 사범대학 교수진에 교과교육 전공자를 확보해야 한다고 주장하였다. 또한, 교사들은 현직 교사 연수와 관련하여 (1) 현직 교사들 스스로 계속교육에 대한 인식을 전환하여 교사로서의 전문성 개발을 위하여 끊임없이 노력하여야 하며, (2)교사 연수 내용과 방법의 현장성을 높여서 교사들이 필요로 하는 교사연수로 바뀌어야 하며, (3)교직 사회에 진정한 의미의 수업장학 풍토의 정착이 필요하다고 강조하였다. 성공적인 교실개혁을 위한 교사 (재)교육의 필요성도 논의하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

This study is purposed to research the present status and outcomes of adaption of science teacher system in elementary school. The subjects of this study are science teachers, schoolmasters, science supervisors, and 3rd$\~$6th grade students in western office of board of education, Gwangju Metropolitan city. It was found that there are 264 teachers who teach one subject and only two of them were science teachers. In elementary schools, most classroom teachers didn't want to be science teachers and schoolmasters or science supervisors could not afford to adapt science teacher system. After applying science teacher system to 3$\~$6th grade students during one school year, many students were improved in academic achievement and inquiring ability, and they have increased of interest and participation in science activities. This means that science class by science teacher is more effective than that by classroom teacher. Therefore, science teacher system should enlarge to science class in elementary school.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.519-528
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• 2007

Although science continues to be a key subject in the education of the majority of young people throughout the world, it is becoming increasingly clear that school science is failing to win the hearts and minds of many of today's younger generation. Researchers have begun to look at ways in which the learning that takes place in museums, science centres and other informal settings can add value to science learning in schools. Four case studies are used to illustrate the potential afforded by informal contexts to research aspects of science learning. The case studies involve: the European Union PENCIL (Permanent European Resource Centre for Informal Learning) project (a network of 14 museums and science centres working with schools to enhance learning in maths and science); a large natural history museum in England; the Tate Modernart gallery in London, and the Outdoor Classroom Action Research Project which involved researchers working in school grounds, field centres and farms. The range of research questions that were asked are examined as are the methodological approaches taken and the methods used to collect and analyse data. Lessons learned from the studies about research in the informal contexts are discussed critically.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권5호특별호
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• pp.583-594
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate beginning elementary teachers' characteristics and improvement of their teaching skills in science class. The methodology of this study was a qualitative approach that included interviews, classroom observations, and teaching materials. In urban area, low beginning elementary teacher were selected. Four beginning elementary teachers were observed and recorded with VCR in their classroom at seven-times. The results showed that the beginning elementary teachers did not improve in their teaching skills in science teaching, and their characteristics of teaching skills in science were summarized as following; 1) their teaching methods were not inquiry-based science teaching, but explaining-based science teaching, 2) their main aims of the science teaching were focused on the science knowledges, 3) there were little students' science processes involved in their classes, 4) they focused on using textbook as teaching materials, 5) there were little waiting times after their questioning, and they usually used closed-questions rather than open-ended questions.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.504-513
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated how elementary science teaching has changed with the introduction of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA). Teachers are held accountable for student performance as measured by the mandatory nation-wide standards tests to satisfy the needs of accountability and quality assurance systems. In relation to the teaching of science in the elementary school, professionalism meets potential threats with the advent of national test. Through analysis of the classroom teaching and open-ended interviews, we explored the teacher's concerns about the national test and how their science classes have changed to prepare for this test. According to the results, the national test made elementary teachers accountable for the content of their science classes, limits teachers' autonomy in reconstruction of curriculum, and forced teachers to conduct conclusion-centered lessons even in elementary science classes. In addition, teachers argue that the national test precludes the possibility of differentiated education and differentiated assessment. Based on the results, we suggested a new professionalism in this accountability era, so called 'informed professionalism', which refers to the ability of teachers to interpret and implement curriculum and policy mandates at the local, school and classroom level to generate equitable and improved student outcomes through teaching and learning. We also suggested further research on the teacher professionalism in teaching science contents.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.367-377
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to investigate characteristics of science content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge shown in the primary school science classes. Through analysis of classroom teaching, explore the features and differences between primary and secondary school science PCK. Using open-ended interviews with the teachers and group discussions on a regular basis to analyze and compare classes of five primary school teachers, the relationship between CK and PCK. Regardless of the school level the teacher's PCK and professionalism is required with varying focus and emphasis. The features of the primary school teacher's PCK are as follows: Firstly, elementary teach secondary teach content, teachers value pedagogical knowledge (PK) content knowledge (CK). The primary school PCK requires more of understanding of students and teaching methods that to subject areas. PCK be without content knowledge, and the teacher's PCK is subject-specific In addition to the characteristics of PCK in the primary school science teaching, ways to set up professional exchange or collaboration between primary and secondary teachers, and to provide supplementary in-service training focused on content knowledge for primary school teachers.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of learning that has applied instruction module utilizing ICT in project-based learning in elementary science classroom on improvement of the self-directed learning skills and the problem-solving skills. For this purpose, the project based learning instruction module utilizing ICT based was developed and conducted to 2 class consisting of 66 elementary students in the 6th grade to clarify the effects. As a result of the study, first, the instruction module utilizing ICT in project-based learning was effective in improving self-directed learning skills of students. As the subordinate effects of self-directed learning skills it showed improved effects in diagnosing desire to learn, setting goals, basic self-managing ability, selecting learning strategy, durability of practicing learning, making effort for result, and self-examination but it did not show improved effects in figuring out recognition of resources for Learning. Second, it was effective in improving the problem-solving skills of students. As the subordinate effects of problem-solving skills it showed improved effects in problem recognition, information gathering, analysis, thinking prior to dissemination, planning skill, and evaluation but it did not show effect on decision making, implementation & risk-taking and feedback.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.236-240
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• 1994

Recently computers are transforming our classroom by means of initiating and expanding teaching and learning. Lloyd (1989) indicates that computers show great promise in a way augmenting the classroom instructional process under the guidance of the teacher. In this paper computer program for mineral identification (called CPMI) is introduced. This program is is to provide a short list of 26 minerals. These mineras are classified using some properties for mineral identification that is color, streak, hardness, specific gravity, luster, and crystal form. Mineral properties can be divided into two groups for operating this program: (1) properties with numeric values, that is hardness and specific gravity; (2) properties whith a single word, that is color, streak, luster, and crystal form.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

Recently, an advanced form of blended learning, which incorporates a teaching method that focuses on flipped learning is actively used in colleges. Flipped learning is for learners to pre-learn content through videos uploaded by instructors before class, and then participate in learner-centered learning activities such as discussions and team activities in the classroom. The purpose of this paper is to review where flipped learning is being used in medical schools, and to draw implications for effective and efficient use in medical schools. For this, the definition of flipped learning, how it evolved, educational usefulness of this method of learning, and application cases in medical schools were reviewed. Through the reviews of cases of flipped learning and its positive effects, it is suggested that medical schools consider more use of flipped learning in the classroom instructions, with sensitivity to the individual medical departments' needs, environment and professors' preferences.