• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2022

이 연구는 중·고등학교 재학 중인 청소년들의 학업중단 의사에 영향을 미치는 요인을 개인, 가족, 학교 층위의 다양한 변수들에 대한 검토를 통해 밝혀내는 것을 목표로 한다. 「2021 아동·청소년 인권실태조사」에 대한 개괄적 소개와 동시에 조사 문항, 그리고 주요 독립변수의 기술통계치가 제시될 것이다. 다음은 이항로지스틱 분석기법을 활용하여 총 4개의 분석모형에 대한 검증이 수행될 것이다. 주요 분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째 응답자의 사회인구학적 특성으로서 성별과 연령이 학업중단 의사에 미치는 영향은 매우 강한 수준에서 일관되게 나타나고 있었다. 즉 다른 모든 조건이 동일하다면, 남성에 비해 여성이, 그리고 연령이 증가할수록 학업중단 의사를 가질 확률은 유의하게 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 효과 크기 측면에서 볼 때, 사회인구학적 변수 가운데 응답자 연령의 효과는 일관된 수준에서 크게 나타나고 있었다. 셋째, 독립변수를 사회인구학적 변수, 개인수준변수, 가족체계관련 변수, 학교체계관련 변수로 구분했을 때, 다른 변수군에 비해 학교체계관련 변수들의 효과가 다른 변수군 내의 변수들에 비해 통계적 유의도와 효과의 크기 측면 모두에서 응답자의 학업중단 의사에 주요하게 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

This paper investigates the importance and satisfaction levels according to factors on commercial Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) packages in the view of end users when the ERP system is employed especially in SMEs. Considering the characteristics and functions of ERP packages, five factors (vendor, technology, function, A/S, price) are obtained based on the literature review. The proposed procedure consists of finding importance factors and satisfaction levels which support the selection of ERP packages for a certain SME. When a company tries to implement the ERP system, the findings in this paper suggest which ERP package is suitable for its own business environment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.245-248
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• 1998

The influence of refeeding either protein, carbohydrate or fat on hepatic insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA level in chicks which had been fasted for 2 days was examined. The hepatic IGF-I mRNA was measured by ribonuclease protection assay. Fasting reduced hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels to less than half of those in the fed control. When chicks were refed either a control, protein or carbohydrate diet, IGF-I mRNA levels significantly increased to those in the fed control until 2 hours of refeeding. Refeeding of fat did not alter hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels. The significant correlation between liver weight and hepatic IGF-I gene expression suggests that when chicks are refed after 2-d fasting, the acute increase in hepatic IGF-I gene expression brought about after refeeding may be partly regulated by the increase in liver protein metabolism.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2008

Anti-hyperlipidemic effect of red ginseng (RG; the steamed root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) and Crataegii fructus (CF, the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida BGE), which are used frequently in China and Korea as herbal medicines to treat arteriosclerosis, were investigated. Treatments of RG and CF significantly reduced blood triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice and serum TG levels in corn oil-induced hypertriglyceridemic mice. Ginsenoside Rg3 and ursolic acid, the main constituents of RG and CF, respectively, also reduced TG and TC levels in hyperlipidemic mice. RG and CF significantly lowered the high blood TG and TC levels and body and epididymal mass weights induced by long-term feeding of a high-fat diet and increased the high-fat diet-induced decrease in blood HDL cholesterol levels. RG and Rg3 reduced the blood TC levels more than CF and ursolic acid. However, blood TG level were reduced by CF and ursolic acid more than RG and Rg3. RG, CF, and their constituents also inhibited pancreatic lipase and HMG-CoA reductase activities. The most potent inhibitor was Rg3. These findings suggest that RG and CF may be suitable for the therapies of hypercholesterolemia and triglyceridemia, respectively.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.923-943
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between the levels of cognitive conflict and students' conceptual change. In this study, 30 Korean high school students were selected from 450 10th graders by examining the pretest results. Two different strategies were used to induce cognitive conflicts in students, an anomalous or conflict situations; demonstrations and logical arguments against students' preconception. After arousing the students' cognitive conflict, the level of cognitive conflict was rated. Pretest, post-test and delayed post-test were administered to check the conceptual change. The tests consisted of 5 items in mechanics and electricity, respectively. Therefore, the demonstration method showed effective conceptual change, more than the logical argument method did. Students changed their conceptions more easily and frequently in the area of mechanics than in electricity. Students who showed higher levels of cognitive conflict indicated more positive conceptual change than those who showed lower conflict levels. 59 cases (56%) out of 105 who experienced high levels of cognitive conflict were changed into scientific conceptions one month later; however only 16 cases (35%) out of 46 who experienced low levels of cognitive conflict changed into scientific conceptions. Students who experienced higher levels of cognitive conflict showed higher rates of conceptual change. It could be concluded that designing instruction to induce cognitive conflict is a useful strategy to promote conceptual change.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.341-346
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• 2019

Background: Although the concept of workload is important to nursing practice, only a few nursing researchers have focused on the issue of workload within the nursing context. Knowledge of how the dynamics of workload affects the job stress of nurses working in a specific unit or department in a hospital setting, and the influence of coworker support on this relationship, still remains limited. This study, therefore examined the effect of workload on job stress of Ghanaian outpatient department nurses and the moderating effect of coworker support on this relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used, and questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 216 outpatient department nurses from four major hospitals in Ghana. The data collected measured workload, job stress, and coworker support using National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Task Load Index, job stress scale, and coworker support scale, respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and hierarchical regression. Results: High levels of workload were associated with high levels of job stress of the nurses. Also, higher levels of workload were related to higher levels of job stress for nurses who received high levels of coworker support, but this was not the case for those who received low levels of coworker support (reserve buffering effect). Conclusion: The finding reiterates the adverse effect of workloads on employees' health, and the reverse buffering effect implies that supporting a colleague at work should be conveyed in a positive manner devoid of negative appraisal.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2024

Numerous studies have indicated that low levels of serum adiponectin are linked with the development of various chronic diseases. While some recent research has suggested that soy has a positive impact on serum adiponectin levels, the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we aim to conduct a thorough systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigate the effects of soy on serum adiponectin levels in adults. The search was conducted until March 2024 on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to identify RCTs that studied the effects of soy supplementation on serum adiponectin levels. A random-effects model was used to pool the weighted mean differences (WMDs). Ten and nine RCTs were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. After analyzing data from 9 eligible RCTs, it was found that soy supplementation did not significantly impact the concentrations of adiponectin (WMD = -0.24㎍/mL; 95% confidence interval, -1.56 to 1.09; p = 0.72). However, there was significant heterogeneity between the studies (I² = 89.8%, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed that overall estimates were not affected by the elimination of any study. We did not observe any evidence regarding publication bias. In conclusion, soy supplementation did not have a significant effect on adiponectin levels in adults. However, further RCTs are needed with longer intervention duration, higher doses, and studies conducted in different countries.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2024

This study analyzes the impact of occupational health risk assessments on the safety and health levels and the safety behaviors of workers in manufacturing workplaces. An online survey was conducted among 3,172 companies, yielding 637 responses. The statistical analysis on the collected responses revealed three key findings. First, the safety and health levels (safety importance, safety comprehension, safety awareness) positively influence the outcomes of occupational health risk assessments(safety practice, safety management, safety improvement) and safety behaviors (activity change, safety check). Second, the effectiveness of occupational health risk assessments has a positive impact on safety behaviors. Lastly, the effectiveness of occupational health risk assessments partially mediate the relationship between safety and health levels and safety behaviors. These findings are expected to contribute to the promotion of risk assessments in the field of industrial health and to enhancing safety performance by improving workplace safety, health levels, and safety behavior.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1778-1788
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• 2024

The disturbance of brain biochemical substances serves as a primary cause and aggravating factor of depression. This study aimed to investigate the principal components of Picea mariana and its effect on reserpine-induced depression mice,w ith its relationship with brain central transmitters and related proteins. The main constituents of P. mariana essential oil (PMEO) were analyzed by GC-MS spectrometry. The quiescent time in the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST), along with the weight change of the mice was detected. The number of normal neurons was quantified through Nissl staining. Immunohistochemistry was employed to determine the levels of 5HT-_1A and 5HT-_2A in the brain. Western blotting was utilized to detect 5HT-_2A, CRF and TrkB protein levels. RTqPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of 5HT-_1A, 5HT-_2A, TrkB, CRF, and BDNF. The main active ingredients of PMEOs were (-) -bornyl acetate (44.95%), γ-Terpinene (14.17%), and β-Pinene (10.12%). PMEOs effectively improved the retardation and weight loss due to anorexia in depression-like mice. This improvement was associated with an increase in the number of normal neurons. After administering different doses of PMEOs, the levels of 5HT-_1A, 5HT-_2A, CRF, and TrkB were found to be increased in brain tissue. RT-qPCR revealed that the mRNA levels of CRF, 5HT-_1A, and 5HT-_2A were generally upregulated, whereas TrkB and BDNF were downregulated. PMEO can effectively alleviate depression induced by reserpine, which may be attributed to its regulation of 5HT-_1A, 5HT-_2A, CRF and TrkB protein expression, thus reducing brain nerve injury.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.197-216
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate middle and high school mathematics teachers' levels and multiple approaches in United States practicing their abstraction levels and, different strategies and method of solutions towards given number theory problems. The mathematics teachers taking part in this study are consisted of 25 members of online graduate and undergraduate course (MAE 5641 and MAE 4813) delivered through Online Learning System called as the Blackboard (http://www.blackboard.com). Data collection methods include journal entries, written solutions to problems, the teachers' reflections on said problems, and post interviews. Data analysis was done based on [Hazzan, O. & Zazkis, R. (2005). Reducing abstraction: The case of school mathematics. Educ. Stud. Math. 58(1), 101-119]. Analysis of students' written solutions revealed that transitions among the solution methods have major effect on abstraction levels. Elevation and reducing abstraction is a dynamic process.