• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.153-154
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose context information communication system using RF module to prevent railway cross accident. Since the communication module transmits to the train with high bit rate, OFDM(Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) modulation method that distributes high speed data and transmits multiple times is applied. And image information is transmitted to the train's transceiver device by using ISM band (2.4GHz frequency band) that is proper to mobile communication. By using this system, we can deal with urgent situations at the railway cross and prevent railway cross accidents in advance.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-162
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• 2012

Learning graphical representations for statistical data requires understanding of the context related to measurement in statistical investigation since the choice of representation and the features of the selected graph to represent the data are determined by the purpose and context of data collection and the types of the data collected. This study investigated whether middle school students can think critically about measurement and scales integrating contextual knowledge and statistical knowledge. According to our results, the students lacked critical thinking related to measurement process of data and scales of graphical representations. In particular, the students had a tendency not to question upon information provided from data and graphs. They also lacked competence to critique data and graphs and to make a flexible judgement in light of context including statistical purpose.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.5459-5473
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• 2017

Recently, a tracking algorithm called the spatial-temporal context model has been proposed to locate a target by using the contextual information around the target. This model has achieved excellent results when the target undergoes slight occlusion and appearance changes. However, the target location in the current frame is based on the location in the previous frame, which will lead to failure in the presence of fast motion because of the lack of a prediction mechanism. In addition, the spatial context model is updated frame by frame, which will undoubtedly result in drift once the target is occluded continuously. This paper proposes two improvements to solve the above two problems: First, four possible positions of the target in the current frame are predicted based on the displacement between the previous two frames, and then, we calculate four confidence maps at these four positions; the target position is located at the position that corresponds to the maximum value. Second, we propose a target reliability criterion and design an adaptive threshold to regulate the updating speed of the model. Specifically, we stop updating the model when the reliability is lower than the threshold. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better tracking results than traditional STC and other algorithms.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2006

As ubiquitous devices are fast spreading, the communication problem between humans and these devices is on the rise. The use of context is important in interactive application such as handhold and ubiquitous computing. Context is not crisp data, so it is necessary to introduce the fuzzy concept. The proxity relation is represented by the degree of closeness or similarity between data objects of a scalar domain. A context manager of context-awareness system evaluates imprecise queries with the proximity relations. in this paper, a systematic proximity elicitation method are proposed. The proposed generation method is simple and systematic. It is based on the well-known fuzzy set theory and applicable to the real world applications because it has tuning parameter and weighting factor. The proposed representations of proximity relation is more efficient than the ordinary matrix representation since it reflects some properties of a proximity relation to save space. We show an experiments of quantitative calculate for the proximity relation. And we analyze the time complexity and the space occupancy of the proposed representation method.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.6-17
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine to what extent the context in which people interact with online information affects people's credibility perceptions. In this study, credibility assessment is defined as perceptions of credibility relying on individuals' expertise and knowledge. Context has been characterized with respect to three aspects: Context as user goals and intentions, context as topicality of information, and context as information activities. The data were collected from two empirical studies. Study 1 was a diary study in which 333 residents in Michigan, U.S.A. submitted 2,471 diary entries to report their trust perceptions associated with ten different user goals and nine different intentions. Study 2 was a lab-based study in which 64 subjects participated in performing four search tasks in two different information activity conditions - information search or content creation. There are three major findings of this study: (1) Score-based trust perceptions provided limited views of people's credibility perceptions because respondents tended to score trust ratings consistently high across various user goals and intentions; (2) The topicality of information mattered more when study subjects assessed the credibility of user generated content (UGC) than with traditional media content (TMC); (3) Subjects of this study exerted more effort into making credibility judgments when they engaged in searching activities than in content creation. These findings indicate that credibility assessment can or should be seen as a process-oriented notion incorporating various information use contexts beyond simple rating-based evaluation. The theoretical contributions for information scientists and practical implications for web designers are also discussed.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.61-72
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• 2006

Ubiquitous computing technologies become mature enough to be applied in acceptable ubiquitous services. In particular, in u-shopping area, personalized recommender systems which automatically collect the nomadic user-related context data and then provide them with products or shops in a flexible manner. However, legacy cooperative queries and context-aware queries so far do not come up with dynamically changing situations and ambiguous query commands, respectively. Hence, The purpose of this paper is to propose a personalized context-aware cooperative query that supports a multi-level data abstraction hierarchy and conceptual distance metric among node instances, while considering the user's context data. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we have implemented a prototype system, CACO, in the area of site search in a large-scale shopping mall.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.162-176
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• 2001

This study was covered with the analysis of five kinds of the middle school science text books(chemistry part) based on the oth curriculum. Particularly, inquiry activities part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension and the results are as follows;1. In the analysis of the contents in the middle school science textbooks(chemistry part), the average number of total pages was 197.6. The illustration and picture were contained 0.66 in number per a page, and the average number of further readings was 5.8.2. In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the total number of themes in five kinds of textbooks was 222. And the number of imquiry activities in five kinds of textbooks was siverse : A textbook had 51, B texbook 49, C textbook 37 and E textbook 35.3. For the analysis of inquiry process dimension. it follows in the order of 'interpreing data and formulating generalizations (42.4%)','observation and measuring (38.1%)','seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it (7.8%)' and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model(11.7%)'.4. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the scientific context occupied 94.2%, the individual context 0.4%, the social context 2.7% and the technical context 2.7%. It shows that the proportion of STS(Science-Technology-Society) related contents in inquiry activities was only 5.8%.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2004

This study was intended to identify the differences in perception of image words and perception dimension of desired image according to sex variable for college students in a school context. Data were collected by questionnaires distributed to 443 college students from August to September of 2000. After eliminating incomplete questionnaires, 396 were analyzed. As results of factor analysis, 7 desired image factors were determined for male and female, respectively. On the basis of these results, major perception differences were identified according to sex variable. Differently-perceived image words were as fellows: For intellectual image, male relates it with sporty while female relates it with graceful; for masculine image, male relates it with mature while female relates it with sporty; and for feminine image, male relates it with sexy and graceful while female relates it modest, pure, and cute. Multidimensional scaling was employed to determine the perception dimension of desired image. Two dimensions were accepted to interpret the results for both sex, respectively. 'Feminine-masculine' and 'conspicuous-plain' were criteria for male students, while 'unnatural-natural' and 'feminine-masculine' were criteria for female students.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.510-516
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• 2008

In ubiquitous environment, there are no limits to utilize networks whenever and wherever you are. That pervasive networks are combined with the information devices and then create various services such as car navigation of LBS(location based service) and DMB(Digital Multimedia Broadcasting). As these kinds of services are getting more various, the complexity is also getting higher and ultimately the convergence will make people feel frustrated. One of the solutions is Context-Awareness[1] technology. User interface with context-awareness filters unnecessary information and prevents users from being blocked due to the massive information. In this paper, we describe the seamless service system based on location-awareness, which is a type of context-awareness. We developed the system based on UPnP AV Framework. This system provides the automatic terminal device selection for the nomadic user. The system establishes new connections for the ongoing streaming playback session with the new AV devices without substantial loss of playback so that the user can enjoy the seamless service. The AV device selection based on the user's location needs no user's intervention or notification so it achieves the improvement of usability and complexity.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.238-246
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• 2011

This paper proposes a new semantic representation and its associated similarity measure. The representation expresses textual context observed in a context of a certain term as a network where nodes are terms and edges are the number of cooccurrences between connected terms. To compare terms represented in networks, a graph kernel is adopted as a similarity measure. The proposed representation has two notable merits compared with previous semantic representations. First, it can process polysemous words in a better way than a vector representation. A network of a polysemous term is regarded as a combination of sub-networks that represent senses and the appropriate sub-network is identified by context before compared by the kernel. Second, the representation permits not only words but also senses or contexts to be represented directly from corresponding set of terms. The validity of the representation and its similarity measure is evaluated with two tasks: synonym test and unsupervised word sense disambiguation. The method performed well and could compete with the state-of-the-art unsupervised methods.