• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.717-719
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• 1995

In this paper, we analyze the effects of scaling factors on the performance of a fuzzy controller and propose the tuning method for them. The quantitative relation between input and output variables of a fuzzy controller is obtained by using a quasi-linear fuzzy model. An approximate transfer function of a fuzzy controller is derived from the comparison a fuzzy controller with the conventional PID controller. We analyze the effects of scaling factor using this approximate transfer function and propose a fuzzy tuning method based on that of Maeda et al[4].

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1995년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.833-838
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• 1995

This study presents a method to predict plant-specific and operational history dependent scaling factors. Realistic and detailed approaches are taken to find scaling factors at reactor coolant. This approach begins with fission product release mechanisms and fundamental release properties of fuel-source nuclide such as fission product and transuranic nuclide. Scaling factors at various waste streams are derived from the predicted reactor coolant scaling factors with the use of radionuclide retention and build up model. This model makes use of radioactive material balance within the radioactive waste processing systems. According to input parameters of plant operation history, scaling factors predicted at reactor coolant and waste streams are well brought out the effects of plant operation history.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.375-392
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• 2014

Time history analyses have been preferred commonly in earthquake engineering area to determine earthquake performances of structures in recent years. Advances in computer technology and structural analysis have led to common usage of time history analyses. Eurocode 8 allows the use of real earthquake records as an input for linear and nonlinear time history analyses of structures. However, real earthquake records with the desired characteristics sometimes may not be found, for example depending on soil classes, in this case artificial and synthetic earthquake records can be used for seismic analyses rather than real records. Selected earthquake records should be scaled to a code design spectrum to reduce record to record variability in structural responses of considered structures. So, scaling of earthquake records is one of the most important procedures of time history analyses. In this paper, four real earthquake records are scaled to Eurocode 8 design spectrums by using SESCAP (Selection and Scaling Program) based on time domain scaling method and developed by using MATLAB, GUI software, and then scaled and real earthquake records are used for linear time history analyses of a six-storied building. This building is modeled as spatial by SAP2000 software. The objectives of this study are to put basic procedures and criteria of selecting and scaling earthquake records in a nutshell, and to compare the effects of scaled earthquake records on structural response with the effects of real earthquake records on structural response in terms of record to record variability of structural response. Seismic analysis results of building show that record to record variability of structural response caused by scaled earthquake records are fewer than ones caused by real earthquake records.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of music intervention on the patient's fear and anxiety during scaling. Methods: 360 patients who had visited W University dental hygiene laboratory were selected as study subjects and divided into experiment group and control group. Results: Study results showed that the control group (71.9%) and the experimental group (75.1%) had experiences avoiding dental treatment due to fear. In the control group (37.6%) and experimental group (40.6%), the highest influencing factor was the sound of machine and followed by pain. The experimental group preferred classical music, followed by pop songs, trot music and instrumental music. In the experimental group (83.3%), fear and anxiety were alleviated by music, and 77.9% of the patients mentioned they would recommend music for scaling to other patients. There was an interaction effect (p=0.014) between the groups before and after the measurement of the lowest blood pressure. There was a significant difference in pulse before and after pulse measurement (p=0.000). There was a significant difference in respiration between groups (p=0.042) and before and after respiration (p=0.030). Conclusions: Study results showed that music intervention that utilizes music during scaling showed significant effects on the alleviation of fear and anxiety, affecting Pulse number among vital signs. Therefore, more systematic program is to be required to alleviate dental fear and anxiety with music therapy not only for scaling, but also for dental clinic in the future.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

PURPOSES: The scaling of a concrete surface caused by the combined effects of frost and de-icing salts is one of the main reasons for the need to repair transportation infrastructures in cold-climate regions. This study describes the results of attempts to determine the scaling resistance of concrete incorporating mineral admixtures such as fly ash, GGBFS, and silica fume, and subjected to the actions of frost and salt. METHODS : Conventionally, to evaluate the fundamental properties of concrete, flexural and compressive strength measurements are regularly performed. Based on the ASTM C 672 standard, concrete is subjected to 2%, 4%, and 8% $CaCl_2$ salt solutions along with repeated sets of 50 freeze/thaw cycles, and the scaling resistance was evaluated based on the mass of the scale and a visual examination. RESULTS : It was observed that silica fume is very effective in enhancing the scaling resistance of concrete. Meanwhile, concrete incorporating GGBFS exhibited poor resistance to scaling, especially in the first ten freeze/thaw cycles. However, fly ash concrete generally exhibited the maximum amount of damage as a result of the frost-salt attack, regardless of the concentrations of the solutions. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the scaling resistance of concrete is highly dependent on the type of the mineral admixture used in the concrete. Therefore, to provide a durable concrete pavement for use in cold-climate regions, the selection of a suitable binder is essential.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.2267-2272
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 이중게이트 MOSFET에서 스켈링 이론에 대한 문턱전압이하 스윙을 분석하였다. 포아송방정식의 해석학적 전위분포를 구하기 위하여 가우스 전하분포를 이용하였다. 문턱전압이하 스윙의 저하와 같은 단채널 효과를 분석하기 위하여 스켈링이론이 사용되었으며 이중게이트 MOSFET의 특성상 두 개의 게이트 효과를 포함하기 위하여 일반적인 스켈링 이론을 수정하였다. 게이트길이에 대한 스켈링인자가 일반적인 스켈링인자의 1/2일 때 문턱전압이하 스윙의 저하현상이 매우 빠르게 감소하였으며 가우스함수의 이온주입범위 및 분포편차도 문턱전압이하 스윙에 영향을 미치는 것을 알았다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 $0.1\;{\mu}m$ 이하의 게이트 길이를 갖는 MHEMT의 DC 및 RF 특성을 상용 시뮬레이터인 ISE-TCAD tool을 이용하여 결과를 고찰하였다. 이후 MHEMT의 게이트 길이와, 소스-드레인 간격 및 채널 두께를 변화시켜 가면서 소자의 수평, 수직 Scaling효과가 소자 특성에 미치는 영향을 비교하였으며, 게이트 길이 $(L_g)$가 $0.1\;{\mu}m$ 이하로 감소함에 따라 $g_{m,max}$가 같이 감소하는 현상에 대해서 논의해 보았다. 또한 이 현상을 가지고 소자의 횡적, 종적 파라미터의 scaling 효과에 대한 모델을 제시 했다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.211-224
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• 2018

In this paper, a predictive method accounting for the scaling effects of rockfill materials in the numerical deformation analysis of rockfill dams is developed. It aims to take into consideration the differences of engineering properties of rockfill materials between in situ and laboratory conditions in the deformation analysis. The developed method is based on the modification of model parameters used in the chosen material model, which is, in this study, an elasto-plastic model with double yield surfaces, i.e., the modified Hardening Soil model. Datasets of experimental tests are collected from previous studies, and a new dataset of the Nam Ngum 2 dam project for investigating the scaling effects of rockfill materials, including particle size, particle gradation and density, is obtained. To quantitatively consider the influence of particle gradation, the coarse-to-fine content (C/F) concept is proposed in this study. The simple relations between the model parameters and particle size, C/F and density are formulated, which enable us to predict the mechanical properties of prototype materials from laboratory tests. Subsequently, a 3D finite element analysis of the Nam Ngum 2 concrete face slab rockfill dam at the end of the construction stage is carried out using two sets of model parameters (1) based on the laboratory tests and (2) in accordance with the proposed method. Comparisons of the computed results with dam monitoring data indicate that the proposed method can provide a simple but effective framework to take account of the scaling effect in dam deformation analysis.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.439-446
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation between the pain, depression, dental anxiety in the patients visiting to dental clinic for the ultrasonic scaling treatment. Methods : The study is a cross-sectional correlation study. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 254 patients having no history of mental illness in Seoul and Gyeonggido from December 12 to 20, 2013. The study instruments included modified Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), STAI items by Spilberger, Humphis' Modified Dental Anxiety Survey(MDAS), and Visual Analogue Scale. Results : There existed correlation between the ultrasonic scaling pain, depression, dental anxiety, trait anxiety, and state anxiety. Dental anxiety was the most influencing factors on the pain. Conclusions : It is very important to reduce the anxiety in the patients more actively.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2008

In this Paper, we present a scaling theory for dual material surrounding gate (DMSGTs) MOSFETs, which gives a guidance for the device design and maintaining a precise subthreshold factor for given device parameters. By studying the subthreshold conducting phenomenon of DMSGTs, the effective conductive path effect (ECPE) is employed to acquire the natural length to guide the design. With ECPE, the minimum channel potential is used to monitor the subthreshold behavior. The effect of ECPE on scaling factor significantly improves the subthreshold swing compared to conventional scaling rule. This proposed model offers the basic designing guidance for dual material surrounding gate MOSFETs.