• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.143-146
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• 2013

멀티미디어 시대에 있어 이미지 신호처리(Image Signal Processing, ISP) 기술의 중요성이 거듭 강조되고 있는 가운데, 디지털 신호의 해상도를 변경하기 위해 여러 가지 커널을 사용하여 영상을 scaling 하는 방법들이 제안되고 있다. 본 논문에서 는 cubic convolution scaler를 이용하여 영상을 확대 및 축소할 때 하드웨어 관점에서의 메모리 최적화를 주제로 다룬다. SoC 상에서는 라인 메모리 개념을 가지기 때문에 영상의 해상도를 변환할 때 많은 메모리를 사용하게 된다. 또한 scaling을 할 때 곱하기 연산이 들어가게 되면 그에 비례하여 복잡도와 그에 따른 비용이 증가하게 된다. 이에 메모리와 process단계를 최적화하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.497-498
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• 2006

Powder Injection Molding (PIM) has recently been recognized as an advanced manufacturing technology for low-cost mass production of metal or ceramic parts of complicated geometry. With this regards, design technology of dental scaler tip PIM mold, which has complex shape, with the help of computer-aided analysis for powder injection molding process was developed. Compter aided analysis results, such as filling pattern, weldline formation, and air vent position prediction were investigated and eventually showed good agreements with experimental results.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.1895-1900
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose the hardware architecture of a display converter which is consisted of four functional blocks. The four functional blocks consists of a set of color space converter, de-interacer, video display scaler, and gamma corrector. After the proposed architecture was implemented into hardware, we verified that it operated exactly. The designed hardware has 7,629 LUT and 6,800 Logic Register in Stratix device of Altera and operates in 270 MHz clock frequency.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.93-101
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• 2001

In this paper, we propose an image downscaler used in multimedia video applications, such as DTV, TV-PIP, PC-video, camcorder, videophone and so on. The proposed image downscaler provides a scaled image of high-quality and high-performance. This paper will explain the scaling theory using two-dimensional digital filters. It is the method that removes an aliasing noise and decreases the hardware complexity, compared with Pixel-drop and Upsamling. Also, this paper will prove it improves scaling precisians and decreases the loss of data, compared with the Scaler32, the Bt829 of Brooktree, and the SAA7114H of Philips. The proposed downscaler consists of the following four blocks: line memory, vertical scaler, horizontal scaler, and FIFO memory. In order to reduce the hardware complexity, the using digital filters are implemented by the multiplexer-adder type scheme and their all the coefficients can be simply implemented by using shifters and adders. It also decreases the loss of high frequency data because it provides the wider BW of 6MHz as adding the compensation filter. The proposed downscaler is modeled by using the Verilog-HDL and the model is verified by using the Cadence simulator. After the verification is done, the model is synthesized into gates by using the Synopsys. The synthesized downscaler is Placed and routed by the Mentor with the IDEC-C632 0.65${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ library for further IC implementation. The IC master is fixed in size by 4,500${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$\times$4,500${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The active layout size of the proposed downscaler is 2,528${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$\times$3,237${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.88-94
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• 2012

Purpose: The use of appropriate instruments to clean surfaces with minimal change, is critical for the successful maintenance of a dental implant. However, there is no consensus about the type and methodology for such instruments. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in the roughness of titanium surfaces treated by various scaling instruments. Methods: Thirty-seven identical disks (5 mm in diameter) were investigated in this study. The specimens were divided into eight groups according to the types of instrumentation and the angle of application. Ultrasonic scaling systems were applied on a titanium disk to simulate standard clinical conditions. The equipment included a piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler with a newly developed metallic tip (NS group), a piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler with a conventional tip (CS group), a piezoelectric root planer ultrasonic scaler with a conventional tip (PR group), and a plastic hand curette (PH group). In addition, the sites treated using piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler systems were divided two sub-groups: 15 and 45 degrees. The treated titanium surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the average surface roughness (Ra) and mean roughness profile depth (Rz) were measured with a profilometer. Results: SEM no significant changes in the titanium surfaces in the NS group, regardless of the angle of application. The PH group also showed no marked changes to the titanium surface, although some smoothening was observed. All CS and PR sites lost their original texture and showed irregular surfaces in SEM analysis. The profilometer analysis demonstrated that the roughness values (Ra and Rz) of the titanium surfaces increased in all, except the PH and NS groups, which showed roughness decreases relative to the untreated control group. The Ra value differed significantly between the NS and PR groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that changes in or damage to titanium surfaces might be more affected by the hardness of the scaler tip than by the application method. Within the limitations of this study, the newly developed metallic scaler tip might be especially suitable for peri-implant surface decontamination, due to its limited effects on the titanium surface.

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.190-191
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.122-124
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• 2014

보간 기법은 영상의 해상도를 변경하는 것이다. 멀티미디어 기기의 해상도가 다양하기 때문에 원 영상은 각각에 맞는 해상도로 변경되어야 한다. 해상도 변경은 존재하지 않는 값을 임의로 만들어 채우는 것이기 때문에 왜곡이 발생한다. 대부분의 scaler에서는 수평과 수직 방향으로 해상도 변경을 하는데, 이 때문에 edge 영역에서는 왜곡이 더 많이 발생하며 쉽게 눈에 띈다. 본 논문에서는 edge 방향에서 발생하는 왜곡을 극복하기 위해 영상의 edge 정보와 Cubic Convolution을 이용해 임의의 배율로 해상도를 변경하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2012

An image scaler is a IP used in a image processing block of display devices to adjust image size. Proposed image scaler adopts line memories instead of a conventional method using a frame memory. This method reduced hardware resources and enhanced data precision by using shift operations that number is multiplied by $2^m$ and divided again at final stage for scaling. Also image scaler increased efficiency of IP by using serial divider to calculate parameters by itself. Parameters used in image scaling is automatically produced by it. Suggested methods are designed by Verilog HDL and implemented with Xilinx Vertex-4 XC4LX80 and ASIC using TSMC 0.18um process.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.615-619
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• 2009

A real-time, continuous-scale image interpolation method is proposed based on bi-linear interpolation with directionally adaptive low-pass filtering. The proposed algorithm has been optimized for hardware implementation. The original bi-linear interpolation method has blocking artifact. The proposed algorithm solves this problem using directionally adaptive low-pass filtering. It can also solve the severely problem by selection choosing low-pass filter coefficients. Therefore the proposed interpolation algorithm can realize a high-quality image scaler for various imaging systems, such as digital camera, CCTV and digital flat panel display, to name a few.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2014

Generally, the tool presetter is utilized to align and measure some specific dimensions of a machine tool. It is classified into two types(contact and contactless) according to the measurement method, and the optical sensor based contactless scheme has the advantages of measurement flexibility and convenience. This paper describes the design and realization of an industrial tool presetter using machine vision and linear scaler. Before measurement, the objective tool is attached to the mechanical mount and is aligned with the optical apparatus. After capturing tool images, the suggested image processing algorithm calculates its dimesions accurately, combining the traversing distance from the linear scaler. Experimental results conforms that the present tool presetter system has the precision within ${\pm}20um$ error.