• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.29 no.5 s.106
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• pp.451-456
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• 2004

To establish a Altari radish pre-processing system far kimchi, the leaves and root tail of the Altari radish cutting de-vices were developed. The cutting resistances depend on the edge angles, oblique angles and cutting speeds were measured and analyzed. The experiments were performed to reveal the optimal conditions that showed the minimum cutting resistances acting on the materials. As the results, the optimum conditions that acting on the leaves were at edge angle $25^{\circ}$, oblique angle $40^{\circ}$ and cutting speed 0.5 m/s, and those acting on the root tails were at edge angle $20^{\circ}$, oblique angle $30^{\circ}$ and cutting speed 0.5 m/s, respectively. Considered a safety conception, the oblique angle of the leaves cutting device was adjusted as $20^{\circ}$, and then the cutting efficiencies of the both devices at these conditions were showed perfect performances.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.11-19
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• 2003

The main purpose of this study was to examine the application of the root system as a shore protection material through the measurement of the 개ot growth curve of Salix gracilisyla Miq. depending on the cutting size. As materials and methodology, nine group of cuttings were classified by the length(l0cm, 20cm, 40cm) and the diameter(0.72cmm$\pm$0,02, 0.58cm$\pm$0.02, 0.35cm$\pm$0.02), Each group was stuck to a flooding bed of sandy loam(Sand 60,36%, Silt 28%, Clay 11.64%) on 27th March 2001, After 65 growing days, the weight and length of the newly developed roots, shoots, and leaves were measured and analysed, This was repeated at 99, 129, 159, and 190 growing days. The major findings were as follows. The primary determinant of the root growth rate was on the weight of cutting, The secondary determinant was on the number of growing days. In addition, the dominant dimension of the cutting was the diameter rather than the length, The thicker cutting caused more rapid and stable growth however the longer cutting made the growth of the root slower and more unstable.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the effect of cutting type, growth regulators and propagation media on the rooting and root growth of Roea davurica $P_{ALL}$. Three type of cutting, hardwood, half-softwood, softwood cutting and root cutting of Rosa davurica $P_{ALL}$, were used to study the rooting ability. There was no rooting in hardwood cutting while root cutting was appeared 100% of callus formation and rooting. The optimum conditions of softwood cutting for rooting were IAA 100ppm and rooton-F at vermiculite+perlite. The rate of rooting in treatment of rooton-F ranged from 10 to 60%, but such a good effect was not appeared in other growth regulators, IAA, NAA and IBA.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.353-357
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• 1998

This study was conducted to determine the effect of growth regulators, genotype, and cutting position on the rooting and root growth from cutting of Chrysanthemum zawadskii H.. Rooting rate of Keungugeolcho in the treatement of IBA 500 and 1000 ppm was the better than those of other treatments of IAA, NAA and Rooton. Rooting rate differed depending on the genotype. Hangryobonggugeolcho was better than Keungucheolcho in rooting rate. The treatment of rooton remarkably induced many roots from the cuttings of eight accessions of Chrysanthemum zawadskii H.. Also, rooting rate and number of root differed depending on cutting position. When cuttings including shoot tip were cultured on tray containing bed soil, rooting rate and number of root induced from cuttings with shoot tip was higher than when cuttings without shoot tip and with lateral axillary bud were cultured.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

This study was carried out to examine the effect of cutting condition on the growth of rooted cuttings and their subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Baekma'. The more leaves were attached to the cutting, the higher shoot growth of rooted cutting was observed. Cutting with two to six leaves was effective in shoot growth and rooting than any other treatment. Shoot growth of rooted cutting was not affected by cutting length, but rooting was better in 5 to 7 cm long cutting. Shoot growth and rooting of rooted cutting was promoted by increasing the cutting diameter, and rooting was better in 3.6-4.2 mm thick cutting than 3.1 mm thick cutting. As the treating concentration of NAA increased, shoot growth was inhibited and root length shortened in rooted cutting. Soaking with $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ${\alpha}$-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) for 1 h was effective in shoot growth and rooting. Root growth such as root number, root length, and root weight was better in rooting medium mixed with 2:2 of peatmoss:perlite than the other treatments. When rooted cutting produced from cutting with four or six leaves was planted, better length, weight, and leaf number of cut flower was observed. In rooted cutting produced with 7-9 cm long cutting, growth of cut flower such as length, weight, and ray flower number was more effective than the others. Therefore, it is recommended that the 7 cm long and 3.6 mm thick cutting with four to six leaves is used to improve their rooting and subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Baekma'.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.353-358
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• 2012

This study was conducted to enhance the propagation of Acanthopanax divaricatus and Acanthopanax koreanum through different cutting practices. For propagation by cuttings, scions were taken on September 1. This already has hard skin and showed much higher values in terms of root length, root number, rooting ratio and root weight than those taken on June 30 and August 1. Regardless of cutting date, 50% shading resulted to the highest root length, root number, root ratio and root weight. Meanwhile, 95% shading significantly reduced these parameters compared with no shading. These results suggest that over-shading may inhibit root growth. Two growth regulators, IBA (concentration of 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 ppm) and Rootone-F (0.4%) were also tested of its effect to the cuttings. Rootone-F was found to be more effective than IBA. Cutting treated with Rootone-F had slightly higher root length and root number. A. koreanum which grows well in hot climatic condition showed better rooting ability than A. divaricatus.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 2003

Foehn damage on rice plant is one of the important abiotic stresses in eastern costal area of Korea. To know the relationship between foehn impact and morphological traits of rice, wind tunnel method was used with 106 rice cultivars. Less influencing traits on foehn were short panicle, large panicle number per hill, thin panicle neck, and the flag leaf of narrow, short and thick. Leaf pubescence reduced the impact on foehn. 'Naepungbyeo' belong-ed to foehn tolerant varietal group, while 'Ansanbyeo' belonged to the opposite group. Three levels of root cutting treatment with two rice cultivars were conducted to evaluate the foehn impact using wind tunnel. The severity of wind damages was followed the sigmoidal curve duration of wind tunnel treatment were prolonged. Different responses of root cutting to wind tunnel treatment could be used to evaluate the severity of the foehn impact. 'Naepungbyeo' was one of the less implausible cultivars on foehn. 'Nae-pungbyeo' showed tolerant response to wind under 21% root removing treat-ment (20㎝ root cutting), however 'Ansanbyeo' was wilted under the same treatment. In case of 35 % root removing treatment(10㎝ root cutting), both rice cultivars failed to alive against foehn wind.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.63-67
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• 1991

Various concentrations of ${\alpha}$-naphthalence acetic acid(NAA) as a root-promoting substance were tested in hardwood cutting of the mulberry(Morus bombycis Koidz., cultivar : Shinkwangppong) to make clear the callusing effect on the budding and root growth. Budding and shoot growth of cuttings were delayed at high concentrations of NAA within 10 days of callusing. Especially more severe is it at higher than 50ppm. More than 93% of them, however, budded in two weeks when callused at less than 100ppm NAA. Although rooting was accelerated at high concentration of NAA from the bigining of cutting, after that, rooting percentage increased to reach 100% in 35 days of cutting in any concentration except 150ppm with relatively low rooting. Root growth was utmostly accelerated at 50ppm NAA to show the highest amount in number, length and weight of roots per cutting although high concentration of it decreased mean root length.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.3
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• pp.218-229
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate all the parts' weight growth under the different light intensity and root-cutting. As results : ${\cdot}$ Fresh and dry weight of leaf, shoot, root and seedling treated under 63% R.L.I showed the largest growth. ${\cdot}$ The largest growth in fresh and dry weight of shoot arid seedling appeared at 1/4 root cutting plot. ${\cdot}$ The value of T/R ratio was increased in low light intensity and high root-cutting. ${\cdot}$ The simple nonlinear relationship between light intensity, root-cutting and T/R ratio was recognized, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2013

Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb. ex Murray) Koidz. is natively distributed in Korea. The importance of this species has been increased not only for high quality timber but for medicinal and edible uses. However, increasing market demand of K. septemlobus with illegal cutting and overexploitation has resulted in its rapid depletion and destruction of natural habitat. This study was conducted to understand the survival rate and growth characteristics of planted K. septemlobus seedlings with treatment of root pruning, stem cutting and planting density. The survival rate and growth of height and root-collar diameter for one- and two-year old seedlings with different planting densities were investigated in the clear-cut area of a Pinus densiflora stand for five years. One-year-old seedlings were treated with or without root pruning and planted with three density levels (5,000 trees $ha^{-1}$, 10,000 trees $ha^{-1}$, and 40,000 trees $ha^{-1}$). Two-year-old seedlings were treated with and without stem cutting and planted with the density of 5,000 trees $ha^{-1}$. The survival rate of one-year-old seedlings with root pruning treatment in the density of 10,000 trees $ha^{-1}$ was 92%, while that without root pruning in the density of 40,000 trees $ha^{-1}$ was 67% after five years. The height of one-year-old seedlings has been significantly affected only by planting density in the $5^{th}$ year. The survival rate of the two-year-old seedlings with stem cutting was 75.5% and greater than control (67.3%) in the $5^{th}$ year but no difference in height was shown between the two treatments from three years after plantation.