• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2009

Rhubarb is the well-known and frequently used herbal medicine for the treatment of constipation, inflammation, and cancer. As described in the Korea and Chinese Pharmacopoeia, rhubarb consists of the roots and rhizomes of Rheum palmatum, R. officinale, and R. tanguticum. However, the pharmacological differences among rhubarb have not been scientifically established. In the present study, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of 70% ethanolic extracts from R. palmatum (RPE), R. officinale (ROE), R. nobile (RNE), and R. franzenbachii (RFE) on the production of inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), interlukin-1beta ($IL-1{\beta}$), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. ROE, RNE, and RFE significantly inhibited the release of NO, $PGE_2$, $IL-1{\beta}$, and $TNF-{\alpha}$. RPE significantly reduced the release of $IL-1{\beta}$, but not NO, $PGE_2$, and $TNF-{\alpha}$. Overall, RFE was found to inhibit the release of $PGE_2$ and $IL-1{\beta}$, to a far greater degree than RPE, ROE, and RNE. Our results indicate that RFE possess the strongest anti-inflammatory activity among 4 tested rhubarb.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.144-148
• /
• 2011

Rhubarb (Rhei Rhizoma) has been used for the various clinical purposes such as purgative, stomach protective and pain relief for a long time. However, rhubarb in current market has a problem of quality control under which many of rhubarb fail to meet the standard specified in Korean Pharmacopoeia. This study was carried out to validate the method for the evaluation of the quality of five rhubarbs and Rumex species; Rheum palmatum, R. officinale, R. tanguticum, R. franzenbachii, R. undulatum, and Rumex species. The content of sennoside A with five anthraquinones (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) in five rhubarbs and one Rumex has been performed by using HPLC quantitation analysis. In results, only four samples in Palmata sect. were qualified with sennoside A and those samples were R. officinale and R. tanguticum. Samples of R. palmatum did not meet the standard contents of sennoside A. The contents of anthraquinones in Palmata sect. were two times larger than those in Rhapontica sect. Moreover the content variations of anthraquinones were smaller than those of sennoside A. Thus, anthraquinones can be the key characterizing molecules to control quality of rhubarb.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2017

In order to analysis on color difference of yellow natural dyes, I have dyed cellulose and protein fabrics. The results of experiment have been analysed by wavelength of maximum absorption, amounts of dye uptake, color difference, Hunter's value and Munsell's value. The results from these analyses are as follows : Bud of pagoda tree, Amur cork, and Curcuma showed greenish yellow color, Gardenia Jasminoides showed reddish yellow color. Barberry root showed reddish yellow color with post-mordanting method on cellulose fabric. Moreover, Dupioni silk was dyed in reddish yellow color by Barberry root and Rhubarb. In addition to Chroma index, Gardenia Jasminoides and Curcuma showed clear color overall. However, dyeing rayon and silk by Barberry root, and dyeing silk by Rhubarb showed clear color. Comparing all the results to actual dyed materials, Bud of pagoda tree had small dye uptake, and both ${\Delta}a$ and ${\Delta}b$ value were short which can't recognized the yellow color easily. Dye uptake of Amur cork and Gardenia Jasminoides was small just like Bud of pagoda tree. However, ${\Delta}b$ value order was Gardenia Jasminoides>Amur cork>Bud of pagoda tree. Therefore, Gardenia Jasminoides recognized reddish yellow because of big value of red color and yellow color. In case of Barberry root and Rhubarb which have larger dye uptake, Baberry root recognized yellow color on rayon only, and couldn't recognized yellow color on bleached cotton fabric, ramie, silk, and dupioni silk. Rhubarb recognized yellow color on rayon with pre-mordanting method only, but recognized silk and dupioni silk as brown like color. Moreover, we could not analyze color by dye uptake, Lab, and H(v/c) for Barberry root and Rhubarb. As a result, I think we need to attach color table for the research paper which handled the color of dyeing materials.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.469-475
• /
• 1994

As the continued studies for Korean cultivated rhubarb, MeOH extract of the leaves was fractionated with ether, ethylacetate, and n-butanol. From the ethyl acetate fraction of MeOH extract, one flavone glycoside, apigenin-8-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside(vitexin, $C_{21}H_{20}O_{10}$) and from the n-BuOH fraction of MeOH extract, two flavonol glycosids, kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-di-O-rhamnopyranosyl)-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside$(C_{33}H_{40}O_{19})$and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside(rutin, $C_{27}H_{30}O_{16}$) were isolated and identified through the physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic evidences(UV, IR, NMR, Mass) respectively.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.410-417
• /
• 1994

As one of the studies for Korean cultivated Rhubarb, which has been used stomachic bitter, laxative and purgative, etc, MeOH extract of the leaves was fractionated with ether, ethylacetate. From the ether fraction of MeOH extract, two anthraquinone derivatives, 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl anthraquinone(emodin, $C_{15}H_{10}O_5$), 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl anthraquinone (citrerosein, $C_{15}H_{10}O_6$) and from the ethyl acetate fraction of MeOH extract, one anthraquinone derivative, emodin-8-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside$(C_{21}H_{20}O_{10})$ were isolated and identified through the physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic evidences(UV, IR, NMR, Mass), respectively.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 1998

In continued studies on cultivated Korean rhubarb rhizomes, three additional stilbene compounds were isolated from water extract by column chromatographic separation using Sepha dex LH-20, ODS-gel. Compound I, desoxyrhapontigenin(3,5-dihydroxy-4`-methoxystilbene), Compound II, rhapontigenin(3,3`,5-trihydroxy-4`-methoxystilbene), and compound III, piceatannol(3,3`,4`,5-tetrahydroxystilbene) were elucidated based on physico-chemical and spectroscopic evidences(UV, IR, $^1H$-NMR, $^13C$-NMR and Mass).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.159-162
• /
• 2000

A new stilbene diglycoside, piceatannol-3, 4'-O-$\beta$-D-diglucopyranoside (I), together with desoxyrhaponticin (II), emodin-1-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (III), and physcion-8-O-b-D-gluco-pyranoside (IV), were isolated from the rhizomes of cultivated Korean rhubarb rhizomes(Rheum undulatum), Jong DaeWhang, and the structures of 1-IV were identified on the basis of chemical and spectral evidences.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2023

Objectives : This study aimed to convert into weight the dosages of flower of Daphne canescens and leaf of Phyllostachys nigra var. henonsis, whose daily dosages are likened to an object in 《Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases》. This study also aimed to understand their implications along with the previously studied gypsium and rhubarb. Methods : After reviewing documents, the dosages were converted into weight, confirmed by experiment, and their implications were considered. Results : A chicken-egg-volume of flowers of Daphne canescens is one Ryang(6.5 g) and two handfuls of leaves of Phyllostachys nigra var. henonsis is four Ryang(13 g). Each item was only used once in a decoction. Their dosages were expressed in weight respectively in 《Supplement to the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold》 and 《Bohenggyuljangbuyongyakbubyo》. Gypsium dosage was expressed in weight except in Daecheongryong-tang as chicken-egg-volume(16 Ryang). To liken a dosage to an object is an exception, as in the three cases above; for precision and convenience it is recommended that dosages be expressed in weight, in which case all three items fell into one of eight categories from one Ryang to 16 Ryang. Rhubarb was measured in weight, but only when using the 12-hour leaching method, four Ryang of rhubarb was cut into of 5-6 wide-go-stone-sized pieces and two Ryang into 5-6 go-stone-sized pieces. Conclusions : To liken a dosage to an object is only an exception and lacks precision and convenience; therefore dosages ended up expressed in weight, count, or volume.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2005

이 연구에서는 미국산 R. rhabarbarum L.과 중국산 R. palmatum L.의 줄기 추출물과 그리고 한국산 R. undulatum L.의 뿌리 추출물이 천연항산화제로서의 사용 가능성을 평가하였다. 대황의 페놀화합물을 추출하기 위해서 물, 에탄올, 메탄올이 사용되었다. 에탄올이 대황(Rhubarb)에서 페놀화합물을 추출하는데 가장 효과적인 용매였으며 50% 에탄올은 R. rhabarbarum L. 줄기에, 70% 에탄올은 R. palmatum L.의 줄기에, 80% 에탄올은 R. undulatum L.의 뿌리에서 페놀을 추출하는데 각각 가장 효과적인 용매농도였다. 또한 추출물리 항산화능을 알기 위해 ${\beta}-carotene$ bleaching inhibition activity와 DPPH radical scavenging activity를 측정하였으며 합성항산화제인 BHT와 비교하여 측정하였다. ${\beta}-Carotene$ bleaching inhibition activity 실험에서 추출물의 농도가 증가하면 대황추출물의 항산화능이 역시 증가하였다. 추출물의 농도가 5mg/ml와 10mg/ml 일때 R. undulatum L. 뿌리추출물과 BHT의 항산화능은 유의적 차이는 없었다$(p{\leq}0.05)$. 그러나 DPPH radical scavenging activity에서 R undulatum L. 뿌리추출물이 0.4 mg/mL 농도 이상에서는 BHT 보다 높은 항산화능을 나타내었다. 결과적으로 대황(R. undulatum L.)의 80% 에탄올 추출물이 천연항산화제로의 사용이 가능하였다. 그러나 합성항산화제인 BHT의 식품에 사용농도를 비교하여 볼 때 대황 추출물의 항산화능이 BHT와 동일하기 위해서는 보다 높은 농도를 필요로 하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.151-155
• /
• 2007

A comprehensive study to evaluate the relative antibrowning activity of 5 known natural juices was conducted. Among the juices tested, rhubarb juice showed the highest inhibitory activity on apple browning (${\Delta}L=0.47$ & ${\Delta}E=1.8$ after 6 storage days at $4^{\circ}C$). Even 50% diluted rhubarb juice was very effective in controlling apple discoloration, showing very limited change in Hunter's L and E values. No significant difference in apple slices browning was observed with respect to the packaging material (LDPE or nylon/PE). However, gas composition inside package was closely related to apple browning.