• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated whether parenting stress, work-family conflict, resilience affect retention intent in Korean nurses returning to work after parental leave. Methods: The participants in this study were 111 nurses recruited from 10 hospitals in Korea, who were working after formal parental leave from their hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression. Results: Retention intention (33.80±7.78), parenting stress (101.70±17.57), and resilience (85.02±12.75) were at greater than moderate levels and a midpoint level of work-family conflict (29.63±7.00) was noted in this sample of mostly women nurses in their 30s. The factors affecting retention intent were parental leave duration, the number of times that participants had taken parental leave, health condition, work-family conflict, and resilience. The total explanatory power of these variables was 36.7%. Retention intent had a negative correlation with parenting stress and work-family conflict. Conversely, retention intent was positively correlated with resilience. Conclusion: This study supports the need for flexible adjustment of returning nurses' working hours and family-friendly policies to promote balance between work and family. It is also necessary to develop and apply measures that boost resilience and support health improvement for nurses returning to work.As nurses are often assigned to new areas of work upon return, training programs to aid their adjustment may also be helpful.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.314-320
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• 2013

With a prevalence rate of 0.01%, the presence of eruption disturbances of mandibular first molar has rarely been in populations. Eruption disturbances of permanent molars have been usually manifested as impaction, primary retention, and secondary retention. The treatments of eruption disturbances are carried out by: periodic observation; surgical exposure; forced eruption after surgical exposure; forced eruption with luxation; surgical repositioning; and extraction. This case report show successfully erupted mandibular first molars by various treatment methods on five patients diagnosed with impaction, primary retention, and secondary retention, respectively. Eruption disturbances of the mandibular first molar can be properly diagnosed with impaction, primary retention, and secondary retention by clinical and radiographic examination at normal eruption time of the mandibular first molar. The treatment should be done synthetically, considering eruption state of affected tooth, the relationship between the affected tooth and the adjacent or opposite tooth, the patient's age, treatment compliance, and economic state.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.52-61
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• 2003

This study was carried out to analyze the effects of stormwater retention and infiltration pond on reduction of flood peak and volume in a experimentally developed ecological pond. The experimental site has 542$m^2$ watershed area, 1,310mm yearly-averaged rainfall. And the area of the retention pond is 60$m^2$, the maximum water depth is 0.5m, the maximum and average storage is 15$m^3$and 9.3$m^3$d. And the area of infiltration pond is 58$m^2$, and the water depth varies 0.2m~0.5m. The monitoring system consists of one rainfall gage, one Parshall flume and acoustic water level gage, two rectangular weirs and acoustic water level gage for discharge gaging, and one data recording unit. Data from ten storm events in total, three storm events in year 2000 and seven storm events in year 2001, were collected. From the data the evaporation rate was achieved with the water balance equation, and the result shows 5.0mm/day in average. The result from the analysis of the effects on reduction of flood peak and volume, is that 14% reduction of flood volume and 15% reduction of flood peak in retention pond and 49% reduction of flood volume in infiltration pond.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2019

In this study, the stability of the extracted natural pigments against light, temperature, pH, metal ions, and antimicrobial activity were evaluated in marine bacteria Zooshikella sp. 17TA. The pigment of the strain used in the study was red with maximum absorption at a wavelength of 541 nm. The stability of the pigment was evaluated by measuring the absorbance while preserving for 15 days and examining the retention rate. After 15 days of irradiation, the pigment of this bacterium showed 98% retention in the dark and 91% retention in the temperature range of -20℃ ~ 30℃. When the pH was in the range 4-7, the retention was about 80%, and the retention rate was higher than 85% for all kinds of metal ions except for CuCl₂, ZnCl₂, and KCl. The bacterial pigments showed high stability under the given irradiated pH, temperature, and metal ion conditions and had shown activity against gram-positive strains. These results suggest that this highly conserved microbial pigment can be applied to the food industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.117-122
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to analyze the greenroof runoff quantity and delay. The experimental districts, have different soil thickness and vegetation, had installed. A measurement was conducted in Seoul University to investigate the runoff quantity and delay of the greenroof. The measurement point of runoff quality data were 8, located next to each experimental district. Also, the precipitation was measured by rain gauges(# RG2). The experimental investigation lasted from 21th July to 4th December, a total of 137 days. The results showed that the greenroof can contribute runoff retention and delay by soil, but the intensity of actual rain event affected the runoff reduction and delay. Overall, when was the rainy season, percent rainfall retention ranged 17.5% and runoff flow was delayed for 1-3 hours. But on the other hand, when was the typical rain event, percent rainfall retention ranged over 90% and runoff flow was delayed for 1-11 hours. In the result, the greenroof had the greatest runoff retention and delay, while for the typical rain event.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1049-1055
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the effects of calcium supplementation on calcium metabolism in seven healthy college women, aged from 19 to 21 years old. For this purpose, metabolic studies were conducted for two weeks. During the first week, the subjects ate experimental diet which nutrients composition was similar to their usual intake. And during the consecutive second week, they ate the same experimental diet supplemented with 500mg of calcium daily. The results were summarized as follows ; 1) Fecal excretion of calcium increased significantly (P<0.05), but urinary excretion of that did not show any change after supplementary intake of calcium. 2) Mean apparent calcium absorption was 28.5% and retention was 182mg/day when subjects ate the experimental diet without calcium supplementation. Calcium retention was significantly ate the experimental diet without calcium supplementation. Calcium retention was decreased to 24.1% by additional intake of calcium. 3) Phosphorus balance did not show any change after additional intake of calcium. 4) Serum calcium level was also not changed by additional intake of calcium. 5) Serum calcium level increased significantly(P<0.05) but serum phosphorus level did not show any change after additional intake of calcium. The above results showed that supplementation of 500mg calcium daily can be helpful to increase calcium retention as well as the peak bone mass in young women eating usual Korean diets.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.109-120
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• 2006

Purpose : To observe the effect of retention enema therapy Gamihongdeung-tang on experimentally induced endometriosis. Methods : Rats with surgically induced endometriosis were administered in Gamihongdeung-tang rectally. After treatment for 40 days, the serum concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$(TNF-${\alpha}$),　interleukin(IL)-2,　IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured. Results : The size of the ectopic uterine implants in the treated group was much smaller than that in the control group. The concentration of estradiol was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. The IL-4, IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the experimental groups than the control groups. TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-2 levels were lower and IL-10 level was higher in the experimental groups than in the control groups but the difference was not significent. The progesterone level was similar in the experimental and control group. Conclusion : These results indicate that Retention enema therapy with Gamihongdeung-tang reduces the size of ectopic uterine implants at the serosal wall and inhibits the growth of ectopic uterine implants. This suggests that retention enema therapy with Gamihongdeung-tang is an effective treatment for endometriosis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2000

Three linear strain gauges (KFR-02N-120-C1-23, Kyowa, Japan) were placed around the abutment of implant future and the maximum axial loads on the mandibular implants supporting over dentures were registered in experimental model when the overdenture was removed. The overdenture attachments used in this study were Round bar Hader bar, Dolder bar with and with out spacer. The retention of bar attachment was measured using universal testing machine while being con-trolled by Activating set and Deactivator except in case of the Hader bar. Simultaneously strains were recorded with the strain smart program in strain P-6000 series (Measurement group, Raleigh, USA). The maximum axial load was calculated and compared with each other. The results were as follows: 1. The amount and the timing of the maximum axial loads were different between the right and left implant in all attachment systems. 2. The retention of bar attachment except Hader bar could be adjusted but the controllability was different among the attachment systems. 3. The more the axial load, the higher the retention with Hader bar and Dolder bar without spacer. but the tendency of increase was not shown with round bar and Dolder bar with spacer.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.319-328
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish baseline data for the development of employment policies to improve the efficiency and stability of visiting healthcare services. It identifies factors affecting visiting nurses' intention-to-retention at healthcare centers in Seoul. Methods: This descriptive study investigated subjective health perception, job stress, professionalism, job satisfaction, and intention-to-retention of 269 nurses with more than one year of work experience as a visiting nurse. These factors were analyzed using t-tests, chi-square, partial correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The results indicate that satisfaction for professional status in job satisfaction, educational level, autonomy in professionalism, and visiting nursing career were significant factors that impacted the retention of visiting nurses. Conclusion: It is necessary to frame policies and provide support to enhance the satisfaction and autonomy for visiting nurse as a profession for the efficiency and stability of visiting healthcare services.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

The distribution characteristics of data retention time for DRAM was studied in connection with the probability distribution of the cell parameters. Using the cell parameters and the transient characteristics of cell node voltage, data retention time was investigated. The activation energy for dielectric layer growth on cell capacitance, the recombination trap energy for leakage current in the junction depletion region, and the sensitivity characteristics of sense amplifier were used as the random variables to perform the Monte Carlo simulation, and the probability distributions of cell parameters and distribution characteristics of cumulative failure bit on data retention time in DRAM cells were calculated. we found that the sensitivity characteristics of sense amplifier strongly affected on the tail bit distribution of data retention time.