• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.355-365
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• 2020

The influence of temperature on the material of concrete filled columns (CFCs) under axial loading has been quantitatively studied in this research. CFCs have many various advantages and disadvantages. One of the important inefficiency of classic CFCs design is the practical lack of hooped compression under the operational loads because of the fewer variables of Poisson's rate of concrete compared to steel. This is the reason why the holder tends to break away from the concrete core in elastic stage. It is also suggested to produce concrete filled steel tube columns with an initial compressed concrete core to surpass their design. Elevated temperatures have essentially reduced the strengths of steel tubes and the final capacity of CFCs exposed to fire. Thus, the computation of bearing capacity of concrete filled steel tube columns is studied here. Sometimes, the structures of concrete could be exposed to the high temperatures during altered times, accordingly, outcomes have shown a decrement in compressive-strength, then an increase with the reduction of this content. In addition, the moisture content at the minimal strength is declined with temperature rising. According to Finite Element (FE), the column performance assessment is carried out according to the axial load carrying capacities and the improvement of ductility and strength because of limitations. Self-stress could significantly develop the ultimate stiffness and capacity of concrete columns. In addition, the design equations for the ultimate capacity of concrete columns have been offered and the predictions satisfactorily agree with the numerical results. The proposed based model (FE model of PEC column) 65% aligns with the concrete exposed to high temperature. Therefore, computed solutions have represented a better perception of structural and thermal responses of CFC in fire.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.3541-3546
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• 2014

TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene (t 12; 21) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This translocation is associated with a good prognosis and rarely shows chemotherapeutic resistance to 3-drug based remission induction phase of treatment as well as overall treatment. Thus, the higher the frequency of this fusion oncogene, the easier to manage childhood ALL in a given region with less intensive chemotherapy. Although global frequency of TEL-AML1 has been reported to be 20-30%, a very low frequency has been found in some geographical regions, including one study from Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan and others from India. The objective of present study was to investigate if this low frequency of TEL-AML1 in pediatric ALL is only in Lahore region or similar situation exists at other representative oncology centers of Pakistan. A total of 167 pediatric ALL patients were recruited from major pediatric oncology centers situated in Lahore, Faisalabad, Peshawar and Islamabad. Patients were tested for TEL-AML1 using nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Only 17 out of 167 (10.2%) patients were found to be TEL-AML1 positive. TEL-AML1+ALL patients had favorable prognosis, most of them (82.4%, 14/17) showing early remission and good overall survival. Thus, our findings indicate an overall low frequency of TEL-AML1 in Pakistan pediatric ALL patients, in accordance with lower representation of this prognostically important genetic abnormality in other less developed countries, specifically in south Asia, thus associating it with poor living standards in these ethnic groups. It also indicates ethnic and geographical differences in the distribution of this prognostically important genetic abnormality among childhood ALL patients, which may have a significant bearing on ALL management strategies in different parts of the world.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.296-304
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• 2014

For this research, prepared polyurethane dispersion of hard segment type and polyethylene emulsion wax. Use these resin, this article has been analyzed about mechanical properties variation by increasing amount of polyethylene emulsion wax on Lam skin leather and dried film. According to measure data for solvent resistance, PUD had good property. As known in the results, increase of polyethylene wax constant did not influence to big variation of hybrid resin properties. As test of tensile strength, PUD had good tensile characteristic($1.235kg_f/mm^2$) and PUD-EW4 had lowest tensile characteristic($1.022kg_f/mm^2$). As same as tensile characteristic, abrasion test determined PUD(52.225 mg.loss) had highest properties. In elongation case, PUD showed 698 % modulus which was best properties in this experiment.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.767-774
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• 2010

Due to advantages of NAND flash memory such as non-volatility, low access latency, low energy consumption, light weight, small size and shock resistance, it has become a better alternative over traditional magnetic disk drives, and has been widely used. Traditional DBMSs including mobile DBMSs may run on flash memory without any modification by using Flash Translation Layer (FTL), which emulates a random access block device to hide the characteristics of flash memory such as "erase-before-update". However, most existing FTLs are optimized for file systems, not for DBMSs, and traditional DBMSs are not aware of them. Also, traditional DBMSs do not consider the characteristics of flash memory. In this paper, we propose a flash-conscious storage system for DBMSs that utilizes flash memory as a main storage medium, and carefully put the characteristics of flash memory into considerations. The proposed flash-conscious storage system exploits log records to avoid costly update operations. It is shown that the proposed storage system outperforms the state.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1667-1673
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• 2017

Antibiotics have long been of great benefit for people, both in the medical treatment of human disease and in animal food where they improve the growth performance and feed utilization during animal production. Antibiotics as in-feed supplements affect all stages of pork production, including the gestation, nursing, growing, and finishing stages, although the effects show stage-dependent differences. However, the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a worldwide concern. This review describes why sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotic additives in animal feed have become an integral part of animal feeding programs for more than 70 years, particularly in pork production. It also discusses the threat of the long-term use of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics in pork production. In recent years, the effectiveness of in-feed antibiotics has tended to decrease. This review analyzes this change from various perspectives. First, the equipment used at pig farms has improved dramatically and is more sanitary. Worldwide, more pig farms use pig farrowing crates, gestation crates, piglet nursery crates, flooring devices, piggery ventilation and cooler systems, automatic pig feeders, piggery heating equipment, and artificial insemination systems. In addition, scientists have replaced the use of antibiotics with organic acids, fermented mash, probiotics, prebiotics, minerals, oligosaccharides, enzymes, herbs/flavors, and protein/amino acids, and have improved management and husbandry techniques. In addition, animal welfare legislation has been aimed at improving the quality of the floors and living space, ensuring that animals have permanent access to fresh water, and setting a minimum weaning age. Finally, the prospects and the possibility of replacing antibiotics in pork production are described, in line with recent research results.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.288-293
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We compared changes in heart-femoral pulse wave velocity (hfPWV) in response to low sodium and high sodium diet between individuals with sodium sensitivity (SS) and resistance (SR) to evaluate the influence of sodium intake on arterial stiffness. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty-one hypertensive and 70 normotensive individuals were given 7 days of low sodium dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet (LSD, 100 mmol NaCl/day) followed by 7 days of high sodium DASH diet (HSD, 300 mmol NaCl/day) during 2 weeks of hospitalization. The hfPWV was measured and compared after the LSD and HSD. RESULTS: The hfPWV was significantly elevated from LSD to HSD in individuals with SS (P = 0.001) independently of changes in mean arterial pressure (P = 0.037). Conversely, there was no significant elevation of hfPWV from LSD to HSD in individuals with SR. The percent change in hfPWV from the LSD to the HSD in individuals with SS was higher than that in individuals with SR. Subgroup analysis revealed that individuals with both SS and hypertension showed significant elevation of hfPWV from LSD to HSD upon adjusted analysis using changes of the means arterial pressure (P = 0.040). However, there was no significant elevation of hfPWV in individuals with SS and normotension. CONCLUSION: High sodium intake elevated hfPWV in hypertensive individuals with SS, suggesting that high sodium intake increases aortic stiffness, and may contribute to enhanced cardiovascular risk in hypertensive individuals with SS.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 2016

There has been intense research on self-diagnosis systems in railway applications, since stability and reliability have become more and more significant issues. Wired sensors have been widely used in the railway vehicles, but because of the difficulty in their maintenance and accessibility, they ar not considered for self-diagnosis systems. To have a self-monitoring system, wireless data transmission and self-powered sensors are required. For this purpose, a thermoelectric energy harvesting module that can generate electricity from temperature gradient between the bogie axle box and ambient environment was introduced in this work. The temperature gradient was measured under actual operation conditions, and the behavior of the thermoelectric module with an external load resistance and booster circuits was studied. The proposed energy harvesting system can be applied for wireless sensor nodes in railroad vehicles with optimization of thermal management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.10
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• pp.1583-1587
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• 2015

Bile acids are endogenous metabolites that aid in the digestion and absorption of ingested fat and fat-soluble vitamins. However, high concentrations of deoxycholic acid (DCA) in the colon are associated with high incidence of colorectal cancer. In the present study, the binding of persimmon extracts to DCA in order to decrease inflammatory stress induced by DCA in a small intestinal epithelial cell line, Caco-2, was investigated. Young and ripened persimmons were extracted with distilled water (DW), ethanol, and acidic ethanol. Further, DW extract residue was re-extracted with acidic ethanol. Of the obtained extracts, acidic ethanol extract of young persimmon showed the highest bile-acid binding capacity. Moreover, acidic ethanol extract of young persimmon significantly inhibited nitric oxide production in Caco-2 cells stimulated with DCA and prevented significant reduction of trans-epithelial electric resistance. Based on these results, acidic ethanol extract of young persimmon can be used as a functional ingredient to enhance gastrointestinal health.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.185-194
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• 2007

Today, there is in the world-wide cognition about RFID technology due to established standard, EPC(Electronic Product Code). RFID technology will have wide influence over various fields. Especially, RFID technology's advantages will have positive influence on logistics field. We can solve limited various problems presented in SCM by applying RFIB technology. We can have higher cantrol system, better benefits and actual decision information. Many organizations, however, still have hesitated now because RFID technology has not been validated and RFID technology is in early stage. Other problems are employee resistance against new technology and lack of academic empirical research on assimilation RFID technology for organization. Above reasons I mentioned make me study on analysis on assimilation RFID technology decision in SCM field. This study attempts to analyze the assimilation RFID technology factor from previous researches by using AHP. This outcomes of study will be helpful when we assimilate RFID technology in SCM fields.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.143-146
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• 1998

Resistance of Plcsmodium species to antimalarial agents has become increasingly challenging to the management and prevention of malaria. We experienced an imported case of tertian malaria due to Plasmodum viuax relapsed after a seemingly successful treatment with conventional course of hydroxychloroquine and primaquine. A 35-year-old man developed fever three days after return from India and mainland China. After his illness was diagnosed as tertian malaria, he was managed with hydroxy- chloroquine and then primaquine (primaquine base 15 mg/day for 14 days). Thereafter peripheral blood smears showed no malarial parasites, and there was no relapse of symptom until the 55th post-treatment day, however, six months after the above treatment tertian malaria relapsed. He was managed with the same medications again un malaria did not relapse for 10 months.