• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2007

This paper suggests One-time Password key exchange authentication technique for a strong authentication based on MANET and through identify wireless environment security vulnerabilities, analyzes current authentication techniques. The suggested authentication technique consists of 3 steps: Routing, Registration, and Running. The Routing step sets a safe route using AODV protocol. The Registration and Running step apply the One-time password S/key and the DH-EKE based on the password, for source node authentication. In setting the Session key for safe packet transmission and data encryption, the suggested authentication technique encrypts message as H(pwd) verifiers, performs key exchange and utilizes One time password for the password possession verification and the efficiency enhancement. EKE sets end to end session key using the DH-EKE in which it expounds the identifier to hash function with the modula exponent. A safe session key exchange is possible through encryption of the H(pwd) verifier. The suggested authentication technique requires exponentiation and is applicable in the wireless network environment because it transmits data at a time for key sharing, which proves it is a strong and reliable authentication technique based on the complete MANET.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.313-316
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• 2009

A novel approach for electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis within a functional sensor node has been developed and evaluated. The main aim is to reduce data collision, traffic over loads and power consumption in healthcare applications of wireless sensor networks (WSN). The sensor node attached on the patient's bodysurface around the heart can perform ECG analysis based on a QRS detection algorithm to detect abnormal condition of the patient. Data transfer is activated only after detected abnormality in the ECG. This system can reduce packet loss during transmission by reducing traffic overload. In addition, it saves power supply energy leading to more reliable, cheap and user-friendly operation in the WSN based ubiquitous health monitoring.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.445-450
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• 2018

AIS is the most important navigation equipment for the identification of other ships, etc. However, the AIS overload problem has been raised recently due to an increase in AIS equipped vessels. The government is planning to introduce the wireless LTE network at 100 km offshore as part of the SMART-Navigation project. Continuous development and dissemination of the services available through such platforms will be necessary to achieve major goals such as marine accident prevention and environmental protection. In this study, we applied a WAVE communication system, which could be the basis for the development of such services. As a result, reliable data transmission was confirmed for a range of communication of approx. 5 miles, although the service was limited to 1 km in road traffic. Therefore, it is expected that WAVE communication technology will be used to prevent marine accidents through such efforts as collision avoidance and the transfer of marine safety information between ships.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.239-260
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• 2023

The underwater acoustic wireless communication networks are generally formed by the different autonomous underwater acoustic vehicles, and transceivers interconnected to the bottom of the ocean with battery deployed modems. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become the most popular modulation technique in underwater acoustic communication due to its high data transmission and robustness over other symmetrical modulation techniques. To maintain the operability of underwater acoustic communication networks, the power consumption of battery-operated transceivers becomes a vital necessity to be minimized. The OFDM technology has a major lack of peak to average power ratio (PAPR) which results in the consumption of more power, creating non-linear distortion and increasing the bit error rate (BER). To overcome this situation, we have contributed our symmetry research into three dimensions. Firstly, we propose a machine learning-based underwater acoustic communication system through long short-term memory neural network (LSTM-NN). Secondly, the proposed LSTM-NN reduces the PAPR and makes the system reliable and efficient, which turns into a better performance of BER. Finally, the simulation and water tank experimental data results are executed which proves that the LSTM-NN is the best solution for mitigating the PAPR with non-linear distortion and complexity in the overall communication system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.11-20
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• 2014

For Web-based applications in IoT environment, IETF CoRE WG has standardizing the CoAP. One of limitations of CoAP is that CoAP standard does not consider the mobility management of the CoAP sensor node. In this paper, we propose the mobility management protocol of CoAP sensor node by considering the characteristics of the constrained network. The proposed mobility management protocol supports for Web client to be transmitted the sensing data from CoAP node reliably while the CoAP sensor moves into different wireless networks. To do this, we designed the architecture with the separate IP address management of CoAP sensor node and presented the mobility management protocol, which includes the holding and binding mode, in order to provide the reliable transmission. Finally, the numerical analysis and simulation with NS2 tool have been done for the performance evaluation in terms of the handover latency and packet loss with comparing the proposed mobility management protocol with other the existing mobility management protocols. The performance result shows that the proposed mobility management can provide the transmission of sensing data without the packet loss comparing with the existing mobility management protocol reliably.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.31-40
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• 2009

What are important in wireless sensor networks are reliable data transmission, energy efficiency of each node, and the maximization of network life through the distribution of load among the nodes. The present study proposed DSPR, a dynamic unique path routing machanism that considered these requirements in wireless sensor networks. In DSPR, data is transmitted through a dynamic unique path, which has the least cost calculated with the number of hops from each node to the sink, and the average remaining energy. At that time, each node monitors its transmission process and if a node detects route damage it changes the route dynamically, referring to the cost table, and by doing so, it enhances the reliability of the network and distributes energy consumption evenly among the nodes. In addition, when the network topology is changed, only the part related to the change is restructured dynamically instead of restructuring the entire network, and the life of the network is extended by inhibiting unnecessary energy consumption in each node as much as possible. In the results of our experiment, the proposed DSPR increased network life by minimizing energy consumption of the nodes and improved the reliability and energy efficiency of the network.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.833-838
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• 2011

RFID system in manufacturing industry is used to collect, categorize, and process the data of products. To install RFID system for a large factory, a large amount of wired data communication network is necessary for RS232 communication. If the installed location of RFID system in the factory is changed or extended, a reinstallment is required for the already installed wired data network. A large amount of time/financial reinvestment is necessary for such reinstallation. By using wireless data communication network, however, the initial installation and reinstallation are very simple. In this paper, we implemented a wireless communication system and RFID system. We used the CC1020 chip for wireless communication system and EM4095 chip for RFID system. CC1020 chip enables highly-reliable data communication, and by setting a simple status register, it can switch between transmitting/receiving status and it can choose the desired frequency of either 400 MHz or 900 MHz. Also, Communication range is 50 m, if external antenna is used. EM4095 is a chip for RFID reader system with the carrier frequency of 125 KHz. This chip can implement the reader system by connecting a small number of components. And EM4100 was used for RFID system. EM4100 is read-only type. Atmega128 is used to control a wireless communication system and RFID system. We confirm that the system can communicate without error up to 50 m from sender. In the paper, the circuit diagram and operation program for CC1020 and RFID system are presented. The system used in the experiment is shown in pictures, and the data movement pattern of CC1020 is shown in the diagram, and the performance of each transmission method is presented.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.805-813
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• 2012

In this paper, we have designed and developed a middleware for an effectively approaching database to the existed brain disease clinical research system. The brain disease clinical research system was consisted of two parts i.e., a register and an analyzer. Since the register collects the registration data the analyzer yields a statistical data which based on the diverse variables. The middleware has designed to database management and a large data query processing of clients. By separating the function of each feature as a module, the module which was weakened connectivity between functionalities has been implemented the re-use module. And image data module used a new compression method from image to text for an effective management and storage in database. We tested the middleware system using 700 actual clinical medical data. As a result, the total data transmission time was improved maximum 115 times faster than the existing one. Through the improved module structures, it is possible to provide a robust and reliable system operation and enhanced security functionality. In the future, these middleware importances should be increased to the large medical database constructions.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2009

As increasing the number of digital control devices installed on aircrafts and their transmission speed, various digital data buses have been introduced to provide reliable and high-speed characteristics. These characteristics of avionics data bus are highly related on the fault-tolerant performance which can make minimize jitter and loss during data transfer. In this paper, we concerned about a new traffic shaping scheme for increasing the reliability of Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) systems based on ARINC 664 standard. We note that the conventional AFDX with a single regulator per virtual link system may produce aggregated traffics as the number of virtual links increasing. The aggregated traffic results in large jitters among frames. To remedy for the jitter and loss of data, we propose a dual regulator scheme for the AFDX system. The purpose of the additional regulator is to additionally regulate aggregated traffics from a number of per virtual link regulators. Using NS-2 simulator, we show that the proposed scheme provides a better performance than the single regulator one. It is worthwhile note that the proposed AFDX with Dual Regulator scheme can be employed to not only aircraft networks but other QoS sensitive networks for robot and industrial control systems.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.51-61
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• 2007

For provisioning reliable data transmission, the 3GPP RLC specification adopted a selective-repeat ARQ scheme assisted by a window-based admission control scheme. In the 3GPP ARQ, which is a member of the selective-repeat ARQ clan, inheres the reordering problem A long and irregular reordering time results in the degradation of throughput and delay performance, and may incur the overflow of the reordering buffer. Furthermore, the reordering time must be regulated to meet the requirements of some services which are loss-sensitive and delay-sensitive as well. Perceiving the reordering hazard, we propose an alternative, identified as snowball scheme, to the original admission control scheme of the 3GPP ARQ with aiming at deflating the occupancy of the reordering buffer. A unique feature of the snowball scheme is to reject a new DATA PDU if it is non-adjacent to any DATA PDU sojourning at the reordering buffer. Such an intentional rejection apparently reduces the occupancy of the reordering buffer while it may deteriorate the throughput and delay performance. Developing an analytical approximation method, we investigate the effect of snowball scheme on the saturated occupancy and throughput. Also, we, using a simulation method, evaluate the peak occupancy, normalized throughput and average delay in the practical environment. From the simulation results, we reveal that the snowball scheme is able to enhance occupancy performance as well as throughput performance compared with the original admission control scheme of the 3GPP ARQ.