• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.401-417
• /
• 2015

Question taxonomy is one of main approaches to understand the questioner's information need so that we can assign relevant answerers to the question submitted by the user. The goal of this study is to investigate question taxonomy of question and answering services, which are available online and in libraries and understand the characteristics of question answering services by type. In order to achieve the goal, this study examines the types of questions appeared in literature, specifically focusing on social reference, question answering systems, and reference services, and then provides a summary of question taxonomy found in question answering services.

• Language and Information
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.43-65
• /
• 2000

Along with the flourishign development of computational linguistics, research on the meanings of individual words has started to resume. Polyusemous words are especially brought into focus since their multiple senses have placed a real challenge to linguists and computer scientists. This paper mainly concerns the following three questions with regard to the treatments of such polysemous nouns and verbs in English and Korean. Firstly, what types of information should be represented in individual lexical entries for those polysemous words\ulcorner Secondly, how different are corresponding polysemous lexical entries in both languages\ulcorner Thirdly, what does a mental lexicon look like with regard to polysemous lexical entries\ulcorner For the first and second questions, Pustejosky's (1995) Generative Lexicon Theory (hereafter GLT) will be discussed in detail: the main focus falls on developing alternative way of representing (polysemous) lexical entries. For the third question, a brief discussion is made on mapping between concepts and their lexicalizations. Furthermore, a conceptual graph around conept 'bake' is depicted in terms of Sowa(2000)

• Proceedings of the KSEG Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.3-18
• /
• 2000

Engineering projects often run into "difficult" ground donditions which cause delays, failures, hugely increased costs or even abandonment with consequent disputes and claims. Pertinent questions are "what constitute difficult conditions\ulcorner" and "how might they be foreseen\ulcorner" and these questions provide the focus for this paper. Geological, geotechnical and hydrogeological models for engineering projects(simplified representations of the ground) need to be developed in a systematic manner. Within these models, the potential hazards associated with material (small) and mass (large) scale attributes of the geology, the environmental setting and the influence of the engineering works themselves need to be considered individually and in a progressive, systematic manner. This paper introduces the concept of a Geotechnical Hazard Review with reference to examples from various engineering works.

• Journal of Information Management
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.137-156
• /
• 2006

To evaluate the performance of the question and answer services provided through the internet portals in Korea, question and answer transcript of four major services were sampled systematically. Using the digital reference evaluation framework, number and types of questions, response rate, timeliness, accuracy for information questions and user satisfaction were measured and analyzed. The level of the service performance is identified and compared. The conclusion includes suggestions for service improvement.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.23
• /
• pp.183-209
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to obtain the various basic data for introduction of information and referral service in the Korean public libraries. For the purpose, this study was conducted by carrying out theoretical research on the concept and definition of information and referral service, the type and level of the service and the needs for introduction of the service in public libraries and using questionnaires with 242 public libraries(reference librarians) all over the country, so as to examine the librarians' views on the whole service. The questionnaire mainly included questions about actual status, present level and understanding level of the service, reference librarians' response to needs for introduction of the service, and type and level of the service available when the service has been introduced. In conclusion, this study will help to establish basic foundation, so that the Korean public libraries can realize equalization of the service and promote the information and referral service.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.373-381
• /
• 1997

To investigate the preconceptions on the reference frame and relativity of motion, 251 of grade 7 pupils were selected. The questionnaire has 15 questions consisted of four test domains made by the researchers: object looks rest or moving in the rest frame, object looks rest or moving in the moving frame. The result shows that pupils took the observations in the moving frame for those in the rest frame, or vice versa. In addition, their answers varied according as the context of the observation differed.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.5-38
• /
• 1998

This study is aimed at providing qualitative evaluation of information supplied by reference librarian in response to researchers' questions. Information users' satisfaction on the appropriateness of librarians' answers was evaluated, and at the same time, negative factors affecting users' satisfaction were examined, so that improvement of service quality and information appropriateness can be sought by analyzing the influence and correlation between these factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.97-112
• /
• 1998

This study is aimed at providing qualitative evaluation of information supplied by reference librarian in response to researchers' questions. Information users' satisfaction on the appropriateness of librarians' answers was evaluated, and at the same time, negative factors affecting users' satisfaction were examined, so that improvement of service quality and information appropriateness can be sought by analyzing the influences and correlation between these factors. For this study, information centers at ten professional research institute carrying out government-related projects were selected, and data were collected using unobtrusive evaluation methods through observation and questionnaires. Collected materials were analyzed using SPSS/PC+' statistical analysis programs and $\chi^2(Chi-square)$ statistical methods.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.57-82
• /
• 2021

This article examines the urban example of Batu Sawar which served as the capital of the Johor kingdom between 1587 and circa 1615. Around the middle of the eighteenth-century European reference works continued to describe Batu Sawar as the capital of Johor, even though the city had long ceased to serve as a trading center, let alone as Johor's capital, and probably no longer existed. Such observations raise the question of urban impermanence-the transience of sizeable settlements with reference to the Malay Archipelago. Two overarching questions form the backbone of the investigation: First, why did Batu Sawar rise as a regional trading center, and second, what are the reasons that contributed to its decline? Batu Sawar's fate was sealed by a combination of factors that included poor defenses, multiple external shocks, destruction by fire, court politics and rivalry between the early colonial powers.

• American Studies
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.27-56
• /
• 2020

This paper attempts to interpret the meaning of nine gams in Herman Melville's Moby-Dick. It approaches the topic from an organizational identity perspective. It is the theory which asserts the importance of the reference group in the formation of group members' organizational identity. This paper views the gams as the reference groups for the sailors of the Pequod and shows what meanings or questions each gam presents to them. It divides the nine gams into three groups according to their functions in the organizational sense. This paper argues that the extremely dangerous quest of the Pequod is not led by the captain only, but the sailors, who are given many chances to make their decisions after having gams, eventually choose to obey and follow their leader. The tragic end is partly what they choose, after all.