• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.715-717
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• 2005

This paper analyses the arc-energy with joint box type through a field test on underground power OF cable. In order to obtain the data, the actual proof test using short-circuit generation for real scale power transmission tunnel carried out. This paper is expected to contribute the fire accident prevention on underground power cable systems and the believability improvement of electric power facilities.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.59-70
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• 2008

In this paper, we proposed image processing technique for automatic real-time fire and smoke detection in tunnel environment. To avoid the large scale of damage of fire occurred in variety environments, it is purposeful to propose many studies to minimize and to discover the incident as fast as possible. But we need new specific algorithm because tunnel environment is quite different and it is difficult to apply previous fire detection algorithm to tunnel environment. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed specific algorithm which can be applied in tunnel environment. To minimize false detection in tunnel we used color and motion information. And it is possible to detect exact position in early stage with detection, test, verification procedures. In addition, by comparing properties of each algorithm throughout experiment, we have proved the validity and efficiency of proposed algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.346-351
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 화재시 많은 인명피해가 예상되는 공동 주택을 대상으로 단위공간별 화재 성상을 예측하기 위한 실물화재실험을 실시하였다. 구성된 실물화재모델은 비교적 가연물량이 많은 침실과 화재 발생 위험도가 높은 주방을 대상으로 하였으며, 실험 모델에 구성된 단위품목은 일반주택의 가연물을 선조사 한 후 선정하였다. 실험결과 침실의 경우 점화 후 약 5분이 경과되었을 때 플래쉬오버 상태에 이르게 되어 매우 급격한 성장을 보였으며, 최대 열방출율 약 7433.3 kW, 최대 일산화탄소 578.6 ppm, 최대 이산화탄소 1.25ppm, 내부 최대온도 1350$^{\circ}$로 측정 되었다. 특히, 화재 발생 초기에 가연 공간에서 화재의 진화가 이루어지지 않으면 약 3분 내에 인체에 급격한 피해를 줄 수 있는 한계온도 이상으로 화재가 성장하기 때문에 신속한 초기 대응이 필요함을 확인하였다. 이러한 실물화 재실험에서 얻어낸 결과는 향후 화재확대 예측 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교함으로써 각 용도별 공간에서의 화재 확산 예측에 적용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.617-626
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fire srpead risk of building exterior and roofing materials due to the firebrand of forest fire occurring in the urban areas. Method: In order to achieve this research purpose, by selecting building materials used for exterior and roofing materials of buildings, the time to ignition, total heat release, and heat release rate were investigated, and a forest fire firebrand system was established to the possibility of fire spread was confirmed. Result: As a result of the cone calorimeter test, the roofing material had a similar or faster ignition time due to radiant heat compared to the exterior material with the steel plate exposed to the outside, and showed a higher heat release rate and total heat release than the exterior material. Although it was affected by the flammable material, it was confirmed that it did not spread easily due to the limited amount of combustible material, and carbonization marks appeared inside. Conclusion: The cone calorimeter test method has been shown to be useful in understanding the combustion characteristics of building materials by radiant heat, but the fire spread due to a firebrand in a forest fire is directly affected by the flame due to the ignition of surrounding combustibles, so finding a direct correlation with the cone calorimeter method is difficult. It is judged that the roof material may be more vulnerable to the spread of fire due to the fire than the exterior material.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.331-346
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• 2018

In the tunnel of domestic high - speed railway, the main fire - fighting facility, fire - extinguishing passageway, is installed. However, due to the high pressure of the high - speed train, frequent breakage and maintenance are caused by strong shock and long - term vibration. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to improve the fire door, but in Korea, it is installed by submitting a certificate by simple KS F 2296 performance test. At present, it is developed as a simple test certification by producing a real scale fireproof door without the theoretical examination in advance, so that a high cost for improvement is occurring in Korea. Therefore, through this study, structural analysis study which can preliminary structure review was carried out in order to design the refuge connection passage fire door and to improve the performance improvement. In order to secure the reliability of the result value, the official authentication test (KS F 2296) were compared.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.24-29
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• 2018

To improve the fire safety of spring bed mattress, a cooling frame including cooling material (water) was made and a cooling frame was installed under the bed mattress or between the bed mattress and bed mattress base; fire tests (real scale) were conducted with or without a cooling frame. Similar fire behavior was observed at the beginning of the test (approximately 3 minutes). Subsequently, rapid fire growth in the mattress without a cooling frame, but with a cooling frame, the decline progressed without growth. The flame spread on the top surface of the bed mattress was similar in the semicircular direction, and the average flame speed velocity was analyzed at approximately 0.005 m/s. The maximum flame height was found to be approximately 2.7 m without a cooling frame, and approximately 1.8 m with a cooling frame installed. In addition, the maximum heat release rate was measured to be approximately 740 kW without a cooling frame, and approximately 400 kW with a cooling frame installed. As a result, the flame height and heat release rate were reduced when the bed mattress was fired through the installed cooling frame.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.364-370
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• 2008

In this paper, we proposed new sensor network architecture with autonomous robots based on beacon mode and implemented real time monitoring system in real test-bed environment. The proposed scheme offers beacon based real-time scheduling for reliable association process with parent nodes and dynamically assigns network address by using NAA (Next Address Assignment) mechanism. For the large scale multi-sensor processing, our real-time monitoring system accomplished the intelligent database processing, which can generate not only the alert messages to the civilians but also process various sensing data such as fire, air, temperature and etc. Moreover, we also developed mobile robot which can support network mobility. Though the performance evaluation by using real test-bed system, we illustrate that our proposed system demonstrates promising performance for emergence monitoring systems.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Spray density of the water spray system which is installed in long road tunnels and hazardous vehicle tunnels is applied without proper performance assessment process. In this study, the requirements of Spray Density Guidelines at the standard pressure is investigated through spray test set up the nozzle of a water spray system in a simulated road tunnel. The results showed that all the nozzles used in the test area did not meet the requirements of the Guidelines. The absence of performance test codes and inspection process on the nozzle at real scale in tunnels may have caused this practice. Therefore, it is suggested that the performance test regulations of the nozzle on the water spray system is established in order to properly assess the system performance.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.259-264
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• 2009

Most of the fossil power plants firing lower grade coals are challenged with maintaining good combustion conditions while maximizing generation and minimizing emissions. In many cases significant derate, availability losses and increase in unburned carbon levels can be attributed to poor combustion conditions as a result of poorly controlled local fuel and air distribution within the boiler furnace. The poor combustion conditions are directly related to the gas flow deviation in upper furnace and convection tube-bank but a less reported issue related to in large-scale oppose wall fired boilers. In order to develop a on-line combustion monitoring system and suggest an alternative heat flux estimation method at tube bank, which is very useful information for boiler design tool and blower optimizing system, field test was conducted at operating power boiler. During the field test the exhaust gases' temperature and tube metal temperature were monitored by using a spatially distributed sensors grid which located in the boiler's high temperature vestibule region. At these locations. the flue gas flow is still significantly stratified, and air in-leakage is minimal which enables tracing of poor combustion zones to specific burners and over-fire air ports. Test results showed that the flue gas monitoring method is more proper than metal temperature distribution monitoring for real time combustion monitoring because tube metal temp. distribution monitoring method is related to so many variables such as flue gas, internal flow unbalance, spray etc., Heat flux estimation at the tube bank with flue gas temp. and metal temp. data can be alternative method when tube drilling type sensor can't able to use.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.322-330
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• 2020

This study deals with underwater explosion (UNDEX) characteristics of various non-explosive underwater shock sources for the development of non-explosive underwater shock testing devices. UNDEX can neutralize ships' structure and the equipment onboard causing serious damage to combat and survivability. The shock proof performance of naval ships has been for a long time studied through simulations, but full-scale Live Fire Test and Evaluation (LFT&E) using real explosives have been limited due to the high risk and cost. For this reason, many researches have been tried to develop full scale ship shock tests without using actual explosives. In this study, experiments were conducted to find the characteristics of the underwater shock waves from actual explosive and non-explosive shock sources such as the airbag inflators and Vaporizing Foil Actuator (VFA). In order to derive the empirical equation for the maximum pressure value of the underwater shock wave generated by the non-explosive impact source, repeated experiments were conducted according to the number and distance. In addition, a Shock Response Spectrum (SRS) technique, which is a frequency-based function, was used to compare the response of floating bodies generated by underwater shock waves from each explosion source. In order to compare the magnitude of the underwater shock waves generated by each explosion source, Keel Shock Factor (KSF), which is a measure for estimating the amount of shock experienced by a naval ship from an underwater explosionan, was used.