• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.323-355
• /
• 2015

This study examined grapheme-to-phoneme regularity effect among late Korean-English bilinguals by using whole word level task (lexical processing) and two meta-phonological tasks(sub-lexical processing): [1] English word naming task(whole word level), [2] rhyme judgement task(rhyme level), and [3] phoneme deletion task(phoneme level). Forty-three late Korean-English bilinguals participated in all three tasks. In these tasks, participants showed better performance in regular word conditions compared to irregular word conditions, demonstrating a clear English regularity effect. Post-hoc correlational analysis revealed strong correlation between word naming task and rhyme judgement task, which is different from the results reported with English monolinguals. The contradicting results might be due to the relevantly low English proficiency level among late Korean-English bilingual speakers. In conclusion, this study suggests that late Korean-English bilinguals make use of L2 grapheme-to-phoneme conversion (GPC) rule when reading L2 English words.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.19-31
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to observe the realization of pause and breath groups from adult speakers and to examine how gender, generation, and tasks can affect this realization. For this purpose, we analyzed forty-eight male or female speakers. Their generation was divided into two groups: young, old. Task and gender affected both the realization of pause and breath groups. The length of the pause groups was longer in the read speech than in the spontaneous speech and female speech. On the other hand, the length of the breath group was longer in the spontaneous speech and the male speech. In the spontaneous speech, which requires planning, the speaker produced shorter length of pause group. The short sentence length of the reading material influenced the reason for which the length of the breath group was shorter in the reading speech. Gender difference resulted from difference in pause patterns between genders. In the case of the breath groups, the male speaker produced longer duration of pause than the female speaker did, which may be due to difference in lung capacity between genders. On the other hand, generation did not affect either the pause groups or the breath groups. The generation factor only influenced the number of syllables and the eojeols, which can be interpreted as the result of the difference in speech rate between generations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.195-220
• /
• 2011

As public interests and demands on the library space and library goods increase, the role of librarians dealing with this issue has become more important. This research develops lists of core and non-core goods in space managements of public libraries, children's libraries, and school libraries. The lists will make the librarian's tasks effective and maximize user satisfaction. For public libraries, the space is divided into nine main areas, and a total of 80-90 goods(50-60 core and 20-30 non-core goods) are identified. The space of children's libraries is divided into four main areas(space for reading, books, entry, and special activities) with a list of 60-70 library goods(30 core and 30-40 non-core goods). School libraries consist of seven distinctive spaces, including spaces for books, multi-media, reading, and teaching, and it requires 90 goods in total(30-40 core and 50-60 non-core goods). The findings of this study can be utilized in listing up library goods. Further research should be conducted to develop such tools as guidelines, standards and manuals for space management.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2019

This study sought to investigate whether mean speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) can be predicted by parameters of voice and speech range profile (VRP and SRP) in Korean normal adults. Moreover, it explored whether gender differences exist in the absolute differences between the SFF and estimated SFF (ESFF) predicted by the VRP and SRP. A total of 85 native Korean speakers with normal voice participated in the study. Each participant was asked to perform the VRP task using the vowel /a/ and the SRP task using the first sentence of a Korean standard passage "Ga-eul". In addition, the SFF was measured with electroglottography during a passage reading task. Predictive factors of the SFF were explored and the absolute difference between the SFF and the ESFF (DSFF) was compared between gender groups. Results indicated that predictive factors were age, gender, minimum pitch and pitch range for the VRP (adjusted $R^2=.931$), and pitch range (in semi-tones) and maximum pitch for the SRP (adjusted $R^2=.963$), respectively. The SFF and ESFF predicted by the VRP and SRP showed a strong positive correlation. The DSFF of the VRP and SRP, as well as their sum did not differ by gender. In conclusion, the SFF during a passage reading task could be successfully predicted by the parameters of the VRP and SRP tasks. In further studies, clinical implications need to be explored in patients who may exhibit deviations in SFF.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.285-307
• /
• 2022

This study examines the policies currently announced in the "3rd Comprehensive Library Development Plan" in relation to the discovery of individuals' potential in libraries and analyzes the current status of the tasks promoted and executed by central administrative agencies and municipal and provincial libraries based on these policies. Based on the analysis results, this study presents the methods for libraries to play their role in discovering the potential of individuals in the future. According to the results of this study, due to the poor performance of libraries resulting from reduced in-person events because of library closures and the promotion of non-contact services such as humanities classes and cultural programs in response to COVID-19, it is necessary to establish systems to support emergency management and non-contact programs in response to COVID-19, as well as increase the budget for extending reading culture projects for underprivileged regions and people. In addition, it is necessary to discover quality long-term, non-contact programs, provide infrastructure for non-contact program operation, and develop guidelines. Second, it is observed that communication- and discussion-type social reading programs need to be promptly converted into and operated as online classes. Third, the study results confirm that it is necessary to prepare measures to reinforce external cooperation, such as improving the convenience of and accessibility to information use for users, conducting seminars between domestic and foreign councils, promoting one-stop data sharing systems, executing data digitalization, expanding library infrastructure in preparation for the post-COVID-19 era, and promoting public relations activities.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2018

Objective : It is one of the most important job tasks to write to occupational therapist, so I want to apply the writing program to the students who use mobile language as the main communication and to investigate the effect. Methods : This study was conducted with 7 freshman students for a total of 10 sessions, once a week, for 2 hours at a time. In addition, after reading the recommended books, I made a total of two manuscripts with the book report and then carried out the supplementary instruction. Changes in the writing program were made using self - questionnaires and changes in the writing of the manuscripts were confirmed by the number of times. Results : As a result of the self-questionnaire, the participants considered the logical aspect of the writing and the consistency of the writing after participating in the writing program, and after the writing, the grammatical aspect was reviewed and the sentence was revised. In addition, the number of secondary corrections was reduced by an average of 7 times more than the number of primary corrections. Conclusion : In order to create a document which is one of the important tasks for occupational therapist, systematic education will be needed to create a more logical and grammatical error-free article.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.5-27
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the media of middle school social studies 1 textbooks with the information processing model and to suggest educational information services of teacher librarians under a collaborative Instruction. For this purpose, 1,089 inquiry tasks embedded in 8 types of textbooks for middle school social studies developed under the 2015 revised curriculum were analyzed. The media as an input element was analyzed by the type and the characteristic as a processing element was analyzed by the cognitive behavior types. And the aspect of the output factor of the media utilized the multiple intelligences. As a result of the analysis, the media in the inquiry task solving process mainly consisted of visual media based on photographs and illustrations and general reading materials. The processing method of media is understanding through analysis and inference through structuring. And the output utilized speaking and writing of the language intelligence. Based on the results, it is shown that educational information services that teacher librarians could provide for inquiry activities are composed of developing curriculum map, teaching inquiry processing and skills, and designing work sheets with graphic organizer and multiple intelligences under the information processing steps.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.95-117
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted as basic research for establishing a mid to long term development plan for libraries in Uiseong-gun, designated as a depopulated area. First, the social, cultural, and environmental characteristics of Uiseong-gun were analyzed and compared with the library infrastructure of depopulation areas similar in size with Uiseong-gun. In addition, a survey was conducted on the perception of users to understand the usage status of libraries, satisfaction with services and improvement plans, non-use factors, and demands for new libraries. Based on this process, the direction of Uiseong-gun library policy was presented. Specifically, four strategic directions for the development of libraries (future orientation, community revitalization, service specialization of the information poor, enhancement of local humanities and spiritual culture) and five key service tasks (building library brand, implementing innovative spaces and services, expanding library functions for improvement of settlement conditions of residents, developing and providing services for the elderly reflecting local characteristics, promoting reading culture) were derived. The proposed core tasks focused on future-oriented library services to overcome the limitations of a population decrease area and develop the potential of Uiseong-gun.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.73-91
• /
• 2022

For everyone, books are not only a passage to break down temporal and spatial barriers, but also a passport to the world. However, books are neither a passage nor a passport for persons with print disabilities. They are suffering from a severe book famine, with only 1-7% of alternative materials in accessible formats. The Marrakesh Treaty is an international agreement promoted by the WBU and WIPO to reduce such access gaps and inequalities. Accordingly, this study intensively analyzed and linked the global book famine and the Marrakesh Treaty for the persons with print disabilities including the blind and visually impaired, and suggested strategic tasks and implementation plans to strengthen the services of the disabled in domestic libraries. The government and libraries should concentrate all their competencies on improving awareness, inducing standardization of alternative materials in the publishing industry, amending and supplementing the copyright act and related laws, strengthening the digital file collection and service of the National Library for the disabled, and developing and applying library guidelines to implement the Marrakesh Treaty. This is because if food supports the body of the disabled, reading fosters their spirit. In order to solve the global book famine for persons with print disabilities, it is necessary to improve the publishing industry's cartels, copyright holders' barricades, and the weak platform of the library industry. All copyright holders, publishers, and libraries should participate in reducing the 95% gap in access between non-disabled and disabled people. That is the mantra of the book famine.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2012

Classification of human thought is an emerging research field that may allow us to understand human brain functions and further develop advanced brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. In the present study, we introduce a new approach to classify various mental states from noninvasive electrophysiological recordings of human brain activity. We utilized the full spatial and spectral information contained in the electroencephalography (EEG) signals recorded while a subject is performing a specific mental task. For this, the EEG data were converted into a 2D spatiospectral pattern map, of which each element was filled with 1, 0, and -1 reflecting the degrees of event-related synchronization (ERS) and event-related desynchronization (ERD). We evaluated the similarity between a current (input) 2D pattern map and the template pattern maps (database), by taking the inner-product of pattern matrices. Then, the current 2D pattern map was assigned to a class that demonstrated the highest similarity value. For the verification of our approach, eight participants took part in the present study; their EEG data were recorded while they performed four different cognitive imagery tasks. Consistent ERS/ERD patterns were observed more frequently between trials in the same class than those in different classes, indicating that these spatiospectral pattern maps could be used to classify different mental states. The classification accuracy was evaluated for each participant from both the proposed approach and a conventional mental state classification method based on the inter-hemispheric spectral power asymmetry, using the leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). An average accuracy of 68.13% (${\pm}9.64%$) was attained for the proposed method; whereas an average accuracy of 57% (${\pm}5.68%$) was attained for the conventional method (significance was assessed by the one-tail paired $t$-test, $p$ < 0.01), showing that the proposed simple classification approach might be one of the promising methods in discriminating various mental states.