• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.93-94
• /
• 2003

beta-Amyloid peptide is considered to be responsible for the formation of senile plagues that accumulate in the brains of patients with Alzheimers disease. There has been a paucity of evidence to support the involvement of reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species (ROS and/or RNS) in beta-amyloid-induced neuronal cell death. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.115-115
• /
• 2001

Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species has been considered as a major cause of cellular injuries in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimers disease (AD). Inflammatory as well as oxidative tissue damage has been associated with pathophysiology of AD, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been reported to have beneficial effects in the treatment or prevention of AD.(omitted)

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.88-103
• /
• 2009

Objectives: There is currently increased interest in the identification of natural antioxidant compounds derived from various plants. Peony Root (PR) is used worldwide for the treatment of many types of cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis and hypertension. It has been used in Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of glycosuria, hypertension and cancer. However, to date, no studies concerning the antioxidant properties of PR have been conducted. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro scavenging activity, inhibitory effect of LDL oxidation of pro-oxidant reactive species and anti-thrombosis effect in response to treatment with PR using various screening methods including biological and non-biological oxidants. Methods: In this study, the antioxidant activity of extract from PR was studied with in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Results: The PR extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity of oxidative stress [DPPH, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, etc.] as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation and on platelet aggregation. Conclusions: The PR extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drugs against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 2012

Objectives : To evaluate the in vitro scavenging activity, inhibitory effect of LDL oxidation of pro-oxidant reactive species, anti-platelet aggregative effects and anti-thrombosis effects in response to treatment with SA using various screening methods including biological and non-biological oxidants. Methods : The antioxidant activity concerning extract from SA was studied with in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Results : SA extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity regarding oxidative stress as well as an inhibitory effect towards LDL oxidation, platelet aggregation, and thrombosis. Conclusions : The SA extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drugs against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.92-99
• /
• 2011

Topical natural antioxidants are a useful strategy for the prevention of oxidative stress mediated cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis. From the viewpoint of this underlying principle, the screening of natural plant extracts with scavenging activity for pro-oxidant reactive species is a primary requirement for the development of new topical antioxidant formulations. Euryale ferox Salisbury (EF) is botanical name and it's pharmaceutical name is EURYALES SEMEN (ES). The stems and branchs of EF have been used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of dysentery, diarrhea, leucorrhoea, incontinence and paralysis of joint. In this study, the antioxidant activity of extract from EF was studied in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity by TEAC and DPPH, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation. The EF extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity, as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation. In conclusion, the EF extracts have antioxidative effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drug against oxidative stress and chronic degenerative disease such as atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.337-342
• /
• 2017

The present study was aimed to determine the effects of green tea extract (GTE) and beta-mercaptoethanol (${\beta}-ME$) supplementation in boar sperm freezing extender on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels of presumptive zygotes (PZs). Experimental groups were allocated into lactose egg yolk (LEY) without antioxidant (control), GTE (1,000 mg/l in LEY) and ${\beta}-ME$ ($50{\mu}M$ in LEY). In freezing, spermatozoa extended with LEY were cooled to $5^{\circ}C$ for 3 h and then kept at $5^{\circ}C$ for 30 min following dilution with LEY containing 9% glycerol and 1.5% Equex STM. The final sperm concentration was $1{\times}10^8/ml$. Spermatozoa were loaded into straws and frozen in nitrogen vapor for 20 min. For IVF, oocytes were matured in NCSU-23 medium and co-cultured with spermatozoa following thawing at $37^{\circ}C$ for 25 sec. At 12 h following IVF, IVF parameters (sperm penetration and monospermy) were evaluated. In addition, GSH and ROS levels of PZs were determined by Cell Tracker Blue CMF2HC and DCHFDA, respectively. IVF parameters did not show any significant difference among the experimental groups. GSH and ROS levels of PZs were not significantly different between groups. In conclusion, antioxidant supplementation in boar sperm freezing could not influence IVF parameters, ROS and GSH levels of PZs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2016.02a
• /
• pp.206-206
• /
• 2016

플라즈마(plasma)란 전자와 이온이 분리된 제 4의 물질 상태이다. 이 연구의 핵심인 플라즈마 제트(plasma jet)로 재생과 출아를 하는 히드라(Hydra)를 처리하여 플라즈마가 히드라의 출아 정도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 연구를 진행하였다. 히드라는 자포동물문 히드로충강 히드로충목 히드라과 히드라속에 속하며 무척추동물이다. 몸의 길이는 약 5-15mm정도이며 촉수가 6-8개가 있다. 먹이 섭취는 촉수로 먹이를 마비시켜 입을 통해 먹는다. 히드라는 못이나 늪 등의 풀잎이나 물속에 떨어진 낙엽과 썩은 나뭇가지에 붙어 산다. 특히 히드라는 영양 상태의 좋고 나쁨에 따라 무성생식을 하거나 유성생식을 한다. 또한 약 1/200의 아주 작은 단위에서도 재생을 하는 특성을 가지고 있다. 이러한 히드라에 플라즈마 처리를 함으로써 플라즈마가 히드라의 출아 특성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 연구를 수행하였다. 실험에서 사용한 플라즈마 소스는 대기압 플라즈마 제트(Atmospheric pressure plasma jet)이며 Ar(아르곤) 가스를 이용하여 플라즈마를 발생시켰다. 플라즈마가 발생되면 생체용액과 반응을 하면서 ROS(reactive oxygen species)와 RNS(reactive nitrogen species)가 생성되는데 이 활성 종들이 플라즈마의 주요한 특성이라고 할 수 있다. ROS와 RNS에 의해서 세포가 사멸을 하거나 활성화되기도 한다. 또한, ROS와 RNS가 생체 시스템에 영향을 주는 것은 매우 잘 알려져 있다. 이 점을 이용하여 히드라를 1분, 5분, 10분 동안 플라즈마 처리하여 히드라의 출아 특성을 관찰하였다. 관찰한 결과 1분 처리한 히드라 Group과 5분 처리한 히드라 Group이 가장 개체 수 변화가 뛰어났고 10분 처리한 히드라Group은 오히려 개체 수가 감소하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.343-349
• /
• 2009

This study was designed to simplify a cryopreservation program for embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by selection of cooling method and cryoprotectant. Commercially available mouse E14 embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were cryopreserved with various protocols, and morphology and viability of the frozen-thawed ESCs and their reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were subsequently monitored. Post-thaw colony-formation of ESCs was detected only after a slow freezing using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by stepwise placement of a freezing container into a $-80^{\circ}C$ deep freezer and subsequently into -$196^{\circ}C$ liquid nitrogen, while no proliferation was detected after vitrification. When the simplified protocol was employed, the replacement of DMSO with a mixture of DMSO and ethylene glycol (EG) further improved the post-thaw survival. ROS generation in ESCs frozen-thawed with the optimized protocol was not increased compared with non-frozen ESCs. The use of fresh mouse embryonic fibroblasts as feeder cells for post-thaw subculture did not further increase post-thaw cell viability. In conclusion, a simplified slow-freezing program without employing programmable freezer but using DMSO and EG was developed which maintains cell viability and colony-forming activity of ESCs during post-thaw subculture.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.309-316
• /
• 2004

The present investigation was undertaken to find out the anticancer activity of monoterpene compounds. Monoterpenes showed generally the inhibitory effect on the proliferation o f L1210 cancer cells (cytotoxicity). Geraniol was found to exibit the most potent cytotoxic effect on L1210 cells with an IC50 values of $0.67{\mu}g/ml$. On the other hand, geraniol proved to be capable of stimulating the macrophage proliferation (135% of control). When the life prolonging activity of geraniol by daily oral administration of 0.1~10${\mu}g/10{\mu}l/20$ g body weight to Sarcoma 180 bearing ICR mouse was examined, there was also a significant elevation of survival (best result of 134% of control). The contradictory effects of geraniol on the proliferation of L1210 cells and macrophages proved to be accompanied by the coincident alterations of RNS (reactive nitrogen species) related enzymes activities such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (Inos) in macrophages and ROS (reactive oxygen species) related enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) in L1210 cells, respectively.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2004

Opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore has been recognized to be involved in cell death. The present study investigated the effect of ${\beta}$-carbolines (harmaline and harmalol) and deprenyl on the dopamine-induced change in the mitochondrial membrane permeability and cell death in differentiated PC12 cells. Cell death due to 250 4{\mu}$M dopamine was inhibited by caspase inhibitors (z-IETD.fmk, z-LEHD.fmk and z-DQMD.fmk) and antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, ascorbate, superoxide dismutase, catalase and carboxy-PTIO). ${\beta}$-Carbolines prevented the dopamine-induced cell death in PCl2 cells, while deprenyl did not inhibit cell death. ${\beta}$-Carbolines decreased the condensation and fragmentation of nuclei caused by dopamine in PC12 cells. ${\beta}$-Carbolines inhibited the decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, cytochrome c release, formation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of GSH caused by dopamine in PC12 cells, whereas deprenyl did not decrease dopamine-induced mitochondrial damage. ${\beta}$-Carbolines, deprenyl and antioxidants depressed the formation of nitric oxide and melanin in dopamine-treated PC12 cells. The results suggest that cell death due to dopamine PC12 cells is mediated by caspase-8, -9 and -3. Unlike deprenyl, ${\beta}$-carbolines may attenuate the dopamineinduced cell death in PC12 cells by suppressing change in the mitochondrial membrane permeability through inhibition of the toxic action of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.