• 지질공학
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.293-304
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• 2017

본 연구는 복합지열시스템의 효율성 평가를 위하여 필요한 부분인 대수층의 수리지질학적 분석을 위하여 수행되었다. 복합지열시스템은 개방형 지열시스템과 밀폐형 지열시스템을 결합하여 지열의 효과적 이용을 목적으로 제안되었으며, 연구지역인 충주시 금가면의 수막재배 지역에 소구경 복합지열시스템과 대구경 복합지열시스템이 설치되었다. 연구 지역 대수층의 수리지질학적 특성 분석을 위하여 양수시험과 단계양수시험을 포함하는 현장수리시험 결과, 대수층의 투수량계수는 $13.49{\sim}58.99cm^2/sec$의 범위를 가지며, 저유계수는 $1.13{\times}10^{-5}{\sim}5.20{\times}10^{-3}$의 범위로 분석되었다. 또한, 지구화학적 분석에서 지하수 성분 중 $Ca^{2+}$이온과 ${HCO_3}^-$ 이온이 우세한 것으로 나타났고, 랑겔리어 지수 및 리즈나 지수 분석에서 지하수 내의 탄산염 광물의 침전 가능성이 낮게 평가되었다. 수직적 수온 변화 분석에서는 평균 증온률이 $2.1^{\circ}C/100m$로 평가되어 지열 특성이 충분한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 연구지역에서는 지하수의 양이 풍부하고 지중열을 안정하게 사용할 수 있으며 탄산염 광물의 침전에 의한 열에너지 효율 저하가 발생할 가능성이 낮으므로 복합지열시스템 설치가 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권3A호
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• pp.368-376
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• 2006

본 논문은 OFDM 변복조 모뎀 설계에 핵심 IP로 사용될 수 있는 파라메터화된 FFT/IFFT 코어 생성기 FCore_GenSim(Parameterized FFT Core Generation & Simulation Program)에 대해 기술한다. Fcore_GenSim은 FFT 코어의 Verilog-HDL 모델을 생성하는 parameterized 코어 생성기(PFFT_CoreGen)와 생성된 코어의 연산 정밀도를 분석해주는 fixed-point 시뮬레이터(FXP_FFTSim)로 구성된다. PFFT_CoreGen은 FFT 길이(64점 ~2048점 범위)와 입력/출력/중간결과/격자계수의 word-length(8-b~24-b 범위, 2-b 단위)를 지정하면, 지정된 사양을 갖는 FFT 코어의 Verilog-HDL 모델을 생성하며, 총 43,659 종류의 코어를 생성할 수 있다. 또한, 사용자의 필요에 따라 CBFP(Convergent Block Floating Point) 스케일링의 적용 여부를 지정할 수 있다. 생성되는 코어의 내부 구조는 FFT 길이에 따라 radix-2, radix-2/4, radix-2/4/8 알고리듬의 혼합구조가 적용되도록 하였으며, 또한 CBFP 스케일링의 적용 여부에 따라서도 R2SDF 단일구조 또는 R2SDF/R2SDC 복합구조가 적용되도록 함으로써 생성되는 코어의 회로 복잡도와 성능이 최적화되도록 하였다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

Carrier velocity in the MOSFET channel is the main driving force for improved transistor performance with scaling. We report measurements of the drift velocity of electrons and holes in silicon inversion layers. A technique for extracting effective carrier velocity which is a more accurate extraction method based on the actual inversion charge measurement is used. This method gives more accurate result over the whole range of $V_{ds}$, because it does not assume a linear approximation to obtain the inversion charge and it does not limit the range of applicable $V_{ds}$. For a very short channel length device, the electron velocity overshoot is observed at room temperature in 37 nm MOSFETs while no hole velocity overshoot is observed down to 36 nm. The electron velocity of short channel device was found to be strongly dependent on the longitudinal field.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.164-172
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• 2018

This study aims to determine the community patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates and analyze the relationship between the communities and the water quality in the Pungyeongjeong Stream. We collected the samples four times by season. The number of species was 28 and the dominant species were Cheumatopsyche brevilineata, Hydropsyche kozhantschikovi, Baetis fuscatus, Chironomidae spp., and so on. The range of the dominant index was 0.54 to 0.93 and the mean was 0.77. The range of the diversity index was 0.94 to 2.54, and of the mean index it was 1.75. The ratio of filtering-collectors and clingers got lower, but the ratio of gathering-collectors and sprawlers got higher as collection progressed from the upper stream to the lower stream. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis showed COD, SS, TOC and total coliforms were highly related with biotic indices of benthic macroinvertebrates. The results of cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination showed that the survey sites and periods were divided into three groups. The survey sites were divided into upper stream and middle-lower stream. The survey periods were divided into winter season and other seasons. Distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates showed some characteristics according to various influence factors; however long-term and regular investigations were thought to need analysis and prediction with various statistical methods.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.154-170
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• 2022

The zooplankton composition, abundance, community structure, and species diversity in the major commercial fishery species spawning grounds in the southern coast of Korea were investigated in this study. A total of 80 taxa were sampled, with the mean abundance range of 5,612-11,720 ind. m^-3 and the mean biomass range of 41.6-1,086.8 mg m^-3. The dominant species were Paracalanus copepodites, Paracalanus parvus s. l., Oithona copepodites, Paracalanus nauplii, Noctiluca scintillans, Oithona similis, and Ditrichocorycaeus affinis. The species diversity indices were highest in August, suggesting that diversity is influenced by neritic and oceanic warm-water species. A cluster analysis with non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) revealed three groups of zooplankton communities. The April and May samples clustered into Group A, having the highest mean total zooplankton abundance and lowest species diversity, consisting mainly of temperate species located in the middle region of the southern coast of Korea. Cluster Group B was from the early summer season (June) and contained the highest species diversity with some oceanic and neritic zooplankton species. Cluster Group C from the summer season (July and August) mainly comprised P. parvus s. l. and O. similis. The redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that abundance is positively correlated with salinity, and chlorophyll-a concentrations.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.44-48
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• 2000

Several parameters to represent the characteristics of the observed at the domestic networks from several earthquakes occurred in the Korean Peninsula. Parameters to fit most the multiple Fourier amplitude spectra of the observed accelerations are estimated. This study adopts the stochastic ground motion model referred to the BLWN mode in which the energy is distributed randomly over the duration of the source and which has proven to be very effective in modeling a wide range of ground motion observations. The stochastic ground motion model employed here uses an omega-squared ({{{{ omega ^2 }}) Brune source model with a single corner frequency and a constant stress drop,. The {{{{ omega ^2 }} source model has become a seismological standard because of its simplicity an ability to predict spectral amplitudes and shapes over an extremely broad ranges of magnitudes distances and from the inversion show very unstable based on the fact of high values of mean/median. These results may imply that more observed data and more precise site classification including accurate preparation analysis of data such as more accurate scaling from counts to kine are needed for more stable are effective inversion of Fourier amplitude spectrum of the observed ground motions.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.3-11
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• 2002

Source parameters for forty nine recent earthquakes occurred in and around Korean Peninsula are determined and the relations among them are studied. The corner frequency and seismic moment are estimated from three different methods. The spectral fitting of the source displacement spectrum with the $\omega$-square source model of Brune(1970) and Snoke(1987)'s method are applied to all events and empirical Green's function method for two events are adopted. The source parameters determined in this study show different values depending on the adopted method and on the stations of which seismograms are recorded. It is interpreted that the disagreements principally originate from insufficient consideration of source radiation pattern and attenuation and amplification according to path direction. The corner frequencies and seismic moments are averaged to exclude the directional effects and other source parameters are estimated from the mean corner frequency and seismic moment. The static stress drops estimated in this study tend to be independent of seismic moment or magnitude for events above a certain size. For earthquakes with the size less than about 3.0$\times$10$^{21}$dyne-cm(nearly same as M$_{L}$=3.7), the stress drop tends to decrease with the decreasing moment. This fact suggests a breakdown of scaling law of source parameters below the threshold magnitude. The moment magnitudes calculated from source parameters appear to be slightly larger than the Richter's local magnitudes in the range above M$_{L}$=3.5.3.5.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 멀티미디어 프로세서의 전력 소모를 효과적으로 줄이기 위한 DVS 기법을 제안하였다. 전력 절감율의 유효 범위는 멀티미디어 프로세서의 프레임 기반 연산량이 가우시안 분포로 가정하여 해설적으로 유도되었다. 이러한 해석식은 연산량의 평균과 표준편파에 관하여 표현된다. 제안한 DVS 기법의 전력 절감을 실험을 통해 확인하기 위하여 MPEG-2 비디오 디코더 알고리즘과 MPEG-2 AAC 인코더 알고리즘을 ARM9 프로세서에서 수행하였다. 다양한 MPEG-2 비디오 및 오디오 파일들을 이용한 실험 결과, 50～30% 정도의 전력 절감을 얻었고, 이는 해석적으로 유도된 결과와 거의 일치함을 확인하였다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.216-224
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• 2009

The endless scaling down of the semiconductor process made the impact of the power network noise on the performance of the state-of-the-art chip a serious design problem. This paper compares the performances of two popular circuit reduction approaches used to improve the efficiency of power network noise analysis: moment matching-based model order reduction (MOR) and node elimination-based MOR. As the benchmarks, we chose PRIMA and R2Power as the matching-based MOR and the node elimination-based MOR. Experimental results indicate that the accuracy, efficiency, and memory requirement of both methods very strongly depend on the structure of the given circuit, i.e., numbers of the nodes and sources, and the number of moments to preserve for PRIMA. PRIMA has higher accuracy in general, while the error of R2Power is also in the acceptable range. On the other hand, PRIMA has the higher efficiency than R2Power, only when the numbers of nodes and sources are small enough. Otherwise, R2Power clearly outperforms PRIMA in efficiency. In the memory requirement, the memory size of PRIMA increases very quickly as the numbers of nodes, sources, and preserved moments increase.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.345-358
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• 1998

The evolution of surface roughness and morphology in epitaxial Si and $Si_{0.7}Ge{0.3}$ alloys grown by UHV opm-beam sputter deposition onto nominally-singular, [100]-, and [110]-mi-scut Si(001) was investigated by stomic force microscopy and trasmission electron microscopy. The evolution of surface roughness of epitaxial Si films grown at $300^{\circ}C$ is inconsistent with conventional scaling and hyperscaling laws for kineti roughening. Unstable growth leading to the formation of mounds separated by a well-defined length scale is observed on all substrates. Contraty to previous high-temperature growth results, the presence of steps during deposition at $300^{\circ}C$ increases the tendency toward unstable growth resulting in a much earlier development of mound structures and larger surface roughnesses on vicival substrates. Strain-induced surface roughening was found to dominate in $Si_{0.7}Ge{0.3}$ alloys grown on singular Si(001) substrates at $T_S\ge450^{\circ}C$ where the coherent islands are prererentially bounded along <100> directions and eshibt {105} facetting. Increasing the film thickness above critical values for strain relaxation leads to island coalescence and surface smoothening. At very low growth temperatures ($T_s\le 250^{\circ}C$), film surfaces roughen kinetically, due to limited adatom diffusiviry, but at far lower rates than in the higher-temperature strain-induced regime. There is an intermediate growth temperature range, however, over which alloy film surfaces remain extremely smooth even at thicknesses near critical values for strain relaxation.