• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.284-288
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the effects of green tea and Pueraria radix tea on the production of Apo B$_{100}$ in Hep G$_2$ liver cells and on the expression of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. Treatment with green tea resulted in a 60.7% decrease on the Apo B$_{100}$ concentration in Hep G$_2$ cells. Pueraria radix tea decreased Apo B$_{100}$ concentration by 63.5% in Hep G$_2$ cells. Green tea and Pueraria radix tea significantly decreased Apo B$_{100}$ concentration by 64.8% and 61.8%, respectively, in the media. Treatment of the cells with green tea and Pueraria radix tea also significantly decreased the intracellular total cholesterol, but total cholesterol concentrations in the media increased by 26.4% (green tea) and 23.6% (Pueraria radix tea) above that measured in the media of control cells. The addition of green tea and Pueraria radix to the media of the Hep Gz cells increased the LDL receptor binding activities by 84.1% and 79.4%, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2004

Backgrounds & Objectives: Many acute and chronic lung disorders with variable degrees of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis are collectively referred to as interstitial lung diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of several idiopathic interstitial pneumonias with the pathogenesis unclear. Astragali Radix is known to inhibit the Th2 immune response. The effects of Astragali Radix on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Astragali Radix extract was daily given to the normal rats, control (bleomycin) and treated (bleomycin and Astragali Radix extract, 24.0 mg/10g body weight) rats for 14 days. After 14 days, we observed the change of total leukocyte count and percentage, IFN-gamma and IL-4 in BALF (Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid), and of semiquantitative histological index (SHI). Results: Compared to the control group, Astragali Radix decreased total leukocyte count (p<0.05), lymphocyte (p<0.05), neutrophil (no significance) percentage, SHI (p<0.05), IFN-gamma and IL-4 (p<0.05). Otherwise, macrophage percentage was increased (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that Astragali Radix reduced the incidence of inflammatory cells and cytokines and prevented the fibrosis of tissue in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.8 s.99
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• pp.154-160
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• 2005

For the purpose of standardization and practicability of natural dyeing, the mordanting and dyeing properties of Puerariae Radix was studied. Appropriate extraction, dyeing and mordanting condition of Puerariae Radix were determined, and the effect of mordanting method on dye uptake and color fastness of dyed fabric was investigated. The maximum absorbance of Puerariae Radix solution was at 290nm and 301nm. The pH effect was stable in the color difference changes. The optimum temperature to extract Puerariae Radix was during 1 hour in loot. The effective dyeing temperature and time of silk were 80$\~$ 100$^{circ}C$, 1hour. The silk fabrics dyed with Puerariae Radix appeared yellow-brown. US value of dyeing fabrics was increased by Fe, and Cu mordant treatment. Mordanting treatment method affected color change of the dyed silk. In the case of Puerariae Radix light fastness of appeared more than 2-5 grades by mordant treatment. Perspiration fastness of appered more than 4 grades by Al, Sn, Cr mordant treatment. Fastness of abrasion and dry-cleaning appered more than 4-5 grades. These fastness improvement were generally effective for mordant treatment, specially Al, Sn, Cr.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 1997

Effects of Bupleuri Radix, Paeonie Radix or Uncariae Ramulus et rncus on experimental yperlipidemia were studied. Hyperlipidemia was induced on male Wistar rats by feeding them on high holesterol diet for one week, as previously described by the authors. Blood lipid profile was verified on these ats by measuring total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) and low ensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL). Then, the rats were followed by feeding normal diet. At the same time, ethanol extracts of the three individual herb medicines were orally administered to the rats for 4 weeks and the parameters above mentioned were monitored. Methanol extract of 5Bupleuri radix reduced the TC value significantly at 2 week point and Paeoneae Radix reduced the TC value at 4 week point in compare to control group, suggesting the antihyperlipidemic effect of the two herbal medicines in vivo. The extract of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus however did not show antihyperlipidemic effect in our experiment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.37-46
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Angelicae Gigantis Radix on brain damage and the cardiovascular system. Method : By administration Angelicae Gigantis Radix, we compared treated groups with not treated groups, in view of five points as follows $\circled1$ the intervascular eNOS, $\circled2$ the blood pressure of SHR, $\circled3$ the transcription of the Kir6.2, $\circled4$ the survival time of the rats when common carotid artery was ligated, and $\circled5$ antiplatelet aggregation. Result : In this experiment, Angelicae Gigantis Radix treated group showed significant produced in the intervascular eNOS and decreased the blood pressure of SHR, increased the transcription of the Kir6.2 and SUR significantly in all Treated groups, prolonged the survival time of the rats when common carotid artery, showed the effects on antiplatelet aggregation. Conclusion : According to the above results, Angelicae Gigantis Radix can protect the brain damage and have cardiovascular system effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.407-410
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• 1999

Viterbi decoder is implemented with a Radix-4 architecture at 0.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ process even though the delay time of standard tell is big and it causes a bigger chip size. As process develops, the delay time of standard cells is getting smaller. Therefore, the requirement of speed and chip size is satisfied by using Radix-2 algorithm to implement Viterbi decoder.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.4 s.99
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• pp.399-401
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• 1994

$Yongkaksan^{\circledR}$ is a powdered crude drug which is used to treat cough and recommended it as an expectorant. It is composed of Platycodi Radix (11.7 mg), Senegae Radix(0.5 mg), Armeniacae Semen(0.83 mg) and Glycyrrhizae Radix(8.3 mg). For the identification of individual ingredients in such powdery mixtures, microscopic method may be considered to be efficacious due to requirement of a small amount of specimens. In this paper, effectiveness of this method will be exemplified by the identification of the ingredients in $Yongkaksan^{\circledR}$ which contains 4 powdered crude drug ingredients.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.493-498
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• 2003

Paeoniae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Jakyakgamchotang have been used in Oriental Medicine for many centuries as a treatment for various disease. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of Paeoniae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Jakyakgamchotang on narepinephrine(NE) induced contraction of isolated rabbit femoral artery. Rabbits (2.0kg, female) were killed by CO₂ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the aortic ring from each rabbit was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 1.5g loading tension. The dose of NE which evoked 50% of maximal response (ED/sub 50/) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for NE (10/sup -7/～10/sup -4/M). Contractions evoked by NE (ED/sub 50/) were inhibited significantly by Paeoniae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Jakyakgamcho-tang. The mean percent inhibition of NE induced contraction was 83.9% (p<0.01) after 150㎕/㎖ Paeoniae Radix, 101.1 %(p<0.01) after 150 ㎕/㎖, Glycyrrhizae Radix and 107.3%(p<0.01) after 150㎕/㎖ Jakyakgamcho-tang, Indomethacin slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Paeoniae Radix. Following treatment with indomethacin, the mean percent inhibition caused by 150㎕/㎖ Paeoniae Radix fell to 16.4% in femoral artery induced by NE contraction. Propranolol, ODQ, and L-NNA did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Paeoniae Radix. ODQ slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix. Following treatment with ODQ, the mean percent inhibition caused by 150㎕/㎖ Glycyrrhizae Radix fell to 13.0% in femoral artery induced by NE contraction. Propranolol, indomethacin and L-NNA did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix. L-NNA slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Jakyakgamchotang. Following treatment with L-NNA, the mean percent inhibition caused by 150㎕/㎖ Jakyakgamchotang fell to 13.8% in femoral artery induced by NE contraction. Propranolol, ODQ and indomethacin did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Jakyakgamcho-tang. These results indicate that Paeoniae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Jakyakgamcho-tang can relax NE induced contraction of the isolated rabbit femoral artery, and that this inhibition related to nitric oxide.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.275-281
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• 2000

Object : This study was carried out to examine the effect of Bupleuri Radix on experimental cholestasis, and make clear apart of this mechanism. Methods : Two models of common bile duct ligation group and taurocholate load group after common bile duct ligation were induced, and Bupleuri Radix extract was taken orally for 14 days. In the 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 days after treatment, the mitochondrial and microsomal monoamine oxidase(MAO) A and B activities in liver were measured. Results : The mitochondrial MAO A and B activities increased in both Blupleuri Radix treated group after common bile duct ligation and Blupleuri Radix treated group after taurocholate load and common bile duct ligation. MAO A increased in Blupleuri Radix treated group after taurocholate load and common bile duct ligation, and MAO B increased in Blupleuri Radix treated group after common bile duct ligation. The microsomal MAO A activities increased in both Blupleuri Radix treated group after common bile duct ligation and Blupleuri Radix treated group after taurocholate load and common bile duct ligation. Conclusion : According to the result, it is consider that Blupleuri Radix not only improves cholestatis in liver, but also decreases a genetic synthesis of taurocholic acid.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.62-73
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• 2005

Objectives: This study was designed to identify the ergogenic effects of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures and optimal ratios. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted by administering treatments of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures to rats and by measuring the time to exhaustion by treadmill running. Results: The treatment of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures to the rats increased the time to exhaustion by treadmill running. The most potent inhibition of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures on the 5-HT synthesis and the TPH expression in the dorsal raphe was observed at the dose of 200 mg/kg and the optimal ratio of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix for the maximum efficacy was 50:50. Under normal conditions (not exercise), long-term treatment of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures did not affect the 5-HT synthesis and the TPH expression in the dorsal raphe, suggesting that Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures does not alter serotonin level in the normal rats. The suppressive effect of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures on the 5-HT synthesis and the TPH expression during exercise is a possible ergogenic mechanism of these mixtures. Conclusions : Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures reduce exercise-induced fatigue, and have the effect of acting as ergogenic aids on the time to exhaustion by treadmill exercise and on 5-HT synthesis and TPH expression.