Renal failure syndrome in wild mammals is infrequently reported. Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is a medium-sized rodent known to carry many diseases but rarely exhibiting renal failure. A six-month old female muskrat was submitted to our laboratory for pathological diagnosis, and necropsy revealed severe renal damage with sand-like lithiasis in the ureter, renal calculi, and hydronephrosis. All major organs, including the cerebrum, also showed systemic hemorrhage and calcification which may have been due to uremia induced by renal failure. Histopathologically, necrosis and microcalcification were detected in the renal cortex and the medulla, especially in the proximal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney. Significant hyalinization of the glomeruli was also observed, and this suggested chronic nephritis. These findings would support mycotoxic effects, particularly on the kidney. Moreover, infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells was observed in the lung and of plasma cells in the spleen. The definitive cause of the toxic effects in this case of muskrat renal failure could be attributed to contaminated food.
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
v.32
no.2
/
pp.142-150
/
2006
PURPOSE : The 3rd molar extraction of mandible is common in out-patient office of oral and maxillofacial surgery. And it is dynamic minor operation with changes of vital signs. most of patients are already sensitive about their dental treatment. The changes of emotion are reached to the highest level when patients is laid down to be treated on unit chair. It can be induced to undesirable accidents as to this fear. The undesirable complications are nausea, vomiting, hyperventilation, dyspnea, syncope, shock and so on. The severe changes of vital signs may influence their behavior and make serious medical malpractice or suit such as fracture of dental instruments and injury of proximal area. METHOD AND PATIENTS : A total of 99 selected normal patients were reviewed. Among this, 70 patients(43 men, 27 women with statistical significance) were included in this study. Each steps(pre-anesthesis, 5 minutes after anesthesis, just after mucogingival incision, just after tooth section, just after suture and gauze biting) were investigated for a change of a vital signs. It is analyzed to 2 categories,"Means" and "Tendency". The "Means" is the amount of vital signs changed in comparison with pre-step during operation. That means is the amount of vital changes by each step operation. Next, " Tendency" is changes of vital signs in comparison with step1 during operation. RESULT : This is the changing tendency of vital signs with time. That is active effect of fear and pain. Thus this "Means" and "Tendency" will present a sudden changes of vital signs and it can lead to more safe treatment. CONCLUSION : Thus, the purpose of this study is, through careful operation in each step, to less on patients' complication and increase trust between patient and OMFS. This study is a first article shown with the amount of "Means" and "Tendency" in vital signs, when a third molar of mandible is extracted. This study will be base study of patients with general diseases, because it selected only patients without general diseases.
Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
/
v.34
no.1
/
pp.73-80
/
2007
Compomer that release fluoride could be used on proximal caries of child effectively. But oral cavity is always wet, so saliva inhibits bonding of tooth and compomer. When the saliva exist on bonding, it can be occured microleakages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of salivary contamination on compomer restoration and degree of microleakage according to restoration methods. Dyract $AP^{(R)}$ and prime and $bond^{(R)}$ NT was applied by the manufacture s instructions. Elipar Trilight was applied for light curing. Saliva pool was made for reconstruction of oral cavity. Two premolar was embedded in acrylic resin. After class II cavity preperation, Dyract $AP^{(R)}$ was restored under several condition, the specimen was thermocycled 500 times with 30 second dwell time. 0.5% methylene blue was used for microleakage test. Micoleakage was measured by the ratio of the infiltration length to occlusal and gingival side interface. Data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney Test. The Result were as follows ; 1. In occlusal side, there were no statistical differences. 2. In gingival side, there were no statistical differences in Group III ($ContactMatrix^{TM}$, Rubber dam, $Oraseal^{(R)}$), Group IV (No saliva contamination). 3. In gingival side, there were no statistical differences in Group I$(ContactMatrix^{TM})$, II($ContactMatrix^{TM}$, Rubber dam). 4. In gingival side, there were statistical differences in Group I$(ContactMatrix^{TM})$, II($ContactMatrix^{TM}$, Rubber dam).
Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
/
v.16
no.1
/
pp.13-25
/
2000
Optimal Pressable Ceramic is one of the all-ceramic restorations with a shaded translucent pressed core and layering porcelains. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the marginal fidelity according to margin types and measurement sites, and to evaluate fracture strength according to margin types. Twenty seven OPC crowns made according to 3 types of cervical finishing lines were used in this study. Marginal gaps were measured before and after cementation. A Steromicroscope(SZ-ST(R), Olympus, Japan) was used to measure the space between the margin of OPC crown and the finishing line of metal model. Marginal gaps were measured at the labial, mesial, lingual and distal site, which were demonstrated in advance. Fracture strength testing was carried out using an Instron(Model M100EC, Mecmesin, England) at a cross head speed of 5 mm/min. All crowns were loaded until catastrophic failures occurred. The result were as follow: 1. In comparison according to variable margin before cementation, the marginal gap were increased in chamfer margin($47.50{\pm}18.39{\mu}m$), $120^{\circ}$shoulder margin ($55.21{\pm}14.4{\mu}m$) and $90^{\circ}$shoulder margin($71.18{\pm}13.30{\mu}m$) in ascending order, and there were significant differences between chamfer margin and $90^{\circ}$shoulder margin, $120^{\circ}$shoulder margin and between $120^{\circ}$shoulder margin and $90^{\circ}$shoulder margin respectively(p<0.05). 2. In comparison according to variable margin after cementation, the gap discrepancies were increased in chamfer margin($60.78{\pm}30.37{\mu}m$), $120^{\circ}$shoulder margin($66.67{\pm}11.18{\mu}m$) and $90^{\circ}$shoulder margin($85.78{\pm}17.23{\mu}m$) in ascending order, but there was significant difference only between chamfer margin and $90^{\circ}$shoulder margin(p<0.05). 3. Labio-lingual points showed a better marginal fidelity than that of proximal point(p<0.05). 4. Chamfer margin($48.76{\pm}8.45kgf$) showed higher fracture strength than $120^{\circ}$ shoulder margin($40.57{\pm}7.90kgf$) and $90^{\circ}$ shoulder margin(32.7.90kgf) (p<0.05), but there was significant difference only between chamfer margin and $90^{\circ}$ shoulder margin(p<0.05).
The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
/
v.11
no.2
/
pp.1-11
/
2013
Objective : The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of sensory integrative intervention on postural control and occupational performance (play) of the preschool child with postural disorder. Methods : Subject of this study was a 5 years and 8 month old boy. The subject underwent a sensory integration (SI) treatment which was part of the SI clinic course administered by the Korean Sensory Integration Society, in 2012. The treatment goal and treatment plan had established based on the evaluation results. Treatment was done with 11 sessions, the treatment activities and the adaptive responses of the subject were measured as outcome of the SI treatment. The goal of sessions were measured as Goal Attainment Scale, and re-evaluation was done on December in 2012. Results : During SI treatment, the subject was improved the stability of proximal body parts so that maintained Supine-Flexion Posture more than 20 seconds. He also showed increased attention span continuously about 1 activity on physical play. Conclusion : According to the results of this study, it was verified that sensory integrative intervention has positive effective on postural control and occupational performance (play) of the preschooler with postural disorder.
Kim, Do-Hoon;Park, Moo-Suk;Chung, Jae-Ho;Cheong, Jae-Hee;Kim, Se-Kyu;Chang, Joon;Kim, Sung-Kyu;Kim, Young-Sam
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
/
v.53
no.3
/
pp.285-293
/
2002
Background : The lung is the most common site for a metastasis of extrapulmonary malignant tumors. however, reports on an endobronchial metastasis are rare. An endobronchial metastasis is defined as a documented extrapulmonary neoplasms metastatic to the segmental or more proximal central bronchus within a bronchoscopically visible range. The purpose of this study was to define the clinical characteristics of an endobronchial metastasis of extrapulmonary malignancies. Materials and Methods : The clinical features and treatment outcomes of 27 endobronchial metastatic cancer cases were reviewed from June, 1991 to May, 2001 in the Severance Hospital. Results : The patients' age ranged from 18 to 75. There were 17 men and 10 women. The primary tumors included the colorectum in 7, the uterine cervix in 4, the stomach and the breast in 3 patients each, and an osteosarcoma in 2 patients. The main complaint of most patients was coughing and a chest X-ray revealed a hilar mass, a parenchymal, and an atelectasis. The mean recurrence interval time was 45.5 months. The median and mean survival times were 10 and 12.3 months, respectively. Conclusion : An endobronchial metastasis is an ominous finding, and is associated with advanced-stage diseases. It requires differential diagnosis with a primary bronchogenic carcinoma. If atypical clinical features are present or an atypical cell type is discovered by a biopsy of the lesion in the lung mass, the appropriate diagnostic studies should be undertaken.
The present study has been carried out to assess the diagnostic usefulness of radioaerosol lung scan in complete bronchial obstruction (n=7) and bronchial narrowing (n=1) of varying causes. $^{99m}Tc$-phytate lung scan was performed using the aerosol generated by a BARC nebulizer. Scan alterations were correlated with those of chest radiography, bronchography, lung CT and/or brochoscopy. In every case scan showed characteristic intense deposition of radioaerosol in a short slightly dilated, bronchial segment immediately proximal to obstruction or stenosis. Characteristically it was accompanied by an airspace aerosol deposition defect distally. The finding of a short, clubbed, bronchial radioaerosol deposition with distal airspace defect is a sensitive, specific indicator of bronchial obstruction or stenosis. It was especially useful in the detection of the obstruction of a small bronchus at the lobar and sublobar levels. We propose to name it the prestenotic aerosol deposition sign.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate morphologic differences in the mandibular arch between Egyptian and Korean subjects. Methods: The Egyptian sample consisted of 94 mandibular casts (35 Class I, 32 Class II and 27 Class III). The Korean sample consisted of 462 mandibular casts (114 Class I, 119 Class II, and 135 Class III). The most facial portion of 13 proximal contact areas was digitized from photocopied images of the mandibular dental arches. Clinical bracket points were calculated for each tooth. The subjects were grouped according to arch form to compare the frequency distribution of the 3 arch forms between the ethnic groups in each Angle classification. Results: Egyptians had significantly narrower intermolar and intercanine widths ($p$ < 0.001), and shallower intermolar and intercanine depths ($p$ < 0.001) than Koreans. There was an even frequency distribution of the 3 arch forms within the Egyptian group ($p$ = 0.46). However, in the Korean group, the most frequent arch form was the square arch form (46.7%), while the frequency of the tapered arch form was significantly lower (18.8%). Conclusions: These results might provide helpful information in evaluating morphologic differences between ethnic groups in selection of preformed superelastic archwires.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using a digital model and cone beam computed tomograph(CBCT) image for model analysis. Methods: Model analyses of CBCT images, plaster models, and digital models of 20 orthodontic patients with a permanent dentition with no proximal metal restorations, were compared. Results: The average differences of tooth size measurements were 0.01 to 0.20 mm, and the average difference of arch length discrepancy measurements were 0.41 mm in the maxilla and 0.82 mm in the mandible. The difference in Bolton discrepancy measurements was 0.17 mm for the anterior region and 0.44 mm overall but with no statistically significant difference. When comparing CBCT images with plaster models, the average differences in tooth size measurements were -0.22 to 0.01 mm, and the average differences in arch length discrepancy measurements were 0.43 mm in the maxilla and 0.32 mm in the mandible. Difference in Bolton discrepancy measurements were 0.35 mm in the anterior region and 1.25 mm overall. CBCT images showed significantly smaller overall Bolton discrepancy measurements. Conclusions: Although there were statistically significant differences in some model analysis measurements, the ranges of measurement errors of the digital model and CBCT images were clinically acceptable. Therefore, a digital model and CBCT image can be used for model analysis.
Park, Se-il;Bae, Jae-sung;Kwon, Young-sam;Jang, Hwan-soo;Li, Wen-xue;Lim, Jae-hyun;Eom, Ki-dong;Kim, Jung-eun;Jang, Kwang-ho
Journal of Veterinary Clinics
/
v.20
no.3
/
pp.278-285
/
2003
This study was performed to compare early stage changes following the administrations of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), Carprofen and their combinations in the experimental canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Twenty five mongrel dogs were divided into five groups; Groups 1, 2, and 3 received a sectioning the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) of the right stifle joint, and were administered CLA (250 mg/kg/day/orally), carprofen (4.4 mg/kg/day/orally), and their combinations for 4 weeks beginning 4 weeks postsurgery, respectively. Group 4 received sectioning CCL and no treatment. Group 5 was composed of unoperated normal dogs. The macroscopic observation of cartilage erosions on both the condyles and plateaus were evaluated, and the severity of the cartilage lesions and synovial inflammation was examined histologically at eight weeks after surgery. Histological examinations including hematoxylin and eosin stain, standard toluidine blue method, PAS technique and Masson trichrome technique, hematologic and radiographic evaluation were perfonned after experimental surgery. Slight yellowish discoloration of the surface was found in some of the experimental dogs. However macroscopic findings showed no significant differences among the groups. In radiographic findings, cranial displacement of the proximal tibia relative to the femoral condyles in all groups was observed but no significant differences among the groups was seen. This study showed that oral administration of CLA, carprofen and their combinations revealed no early stage change in the canine stifle joint following experimental rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.