• Title/Summary/Keyword: producing condition

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Effect of sulfuric acid hydrolysis condition on yield, particle size and surface charge of cellulose nanocrystals (황산 가수분해 조건이 셀룰로오스 나노크리스탈의 수율, 입도 및 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryu, Jae-Ho;Youn, Hye-Jung
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.67-75
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    • 2011
  • Sulfuric acid hydrolysis is a typical approach for producing cellulose nanocrystals. The method has been widely used, but it has a disadvantage of low yield of cellulose nanocrystals compared to mechanical method. To expand the application of cellulose nanocrystals in practical, we should be able to produce them with higher yield and the controlled properties. In this study, therefore, we intended to investigate the effect of sulfuric acid hydrolysis condition on the characteristics of the prepared cellulose nanocrystals. The concentration of sulfuric acid, temperature and hydrolysis time were varied, and the yield as well as diverse properties including the morphology, size and zeta potential were examined. We could obtain cellulose nanocrystals up to 70% of yield and found that the properties were dependent on the reaction condition. It would be helpful to select an appropriate condition for producing cellulose nanocrystals.

Isolation of $\beta$-1,4-D-arabinogalactanase Producing Strain and Enzyme Purification ($\beta$-1,4-D-arabinogalactanase 생산균주의 분리 및 효소정제)

  • 신해헌;변유량
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.687-694
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    • 1995
  • Alkalophilic Bacillus sp. HJ-12 producing $\beta $-1, 4-D-arabinogalactanase was isolated from soil in the alkalic condition, pH 10.0. $\beta $-1, 4-D-arabinogalactanase was maximaly produced in the medium consisting of 2% soybean arabinogalactan (SAG), 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% polypeptone, 0.5% NaCl, 0.1% K$_{2}$HPO$_{4}$, 0.02% MgSO$_{4}$$\cdot $7H$_{2}$O, 0.1% Na$_{2}$CO$_{3}$ under the aerobic condition (pH 8.2). $\beta $-1, 4-D-arabinogalactanase is inducible enzyme so that its activity has been increased 10 fold in the SAG medium than in the glucose medium. Through the ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE- Sephadex A-50 ion chromatography, and Sephadex G-75 gel chromatography procedures, this enzyme was purified with a single protein of 11% vield and 110 fold's purity. $\beta $-1, 4-D-arabinogalactanase is endo type enzyme producing ollgosaccharide from SAG.

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A Study of the Effects of Vowels on the Production of English Labials /p, b, f, v/ by Korean Learners of English (영어학습자의 순음 /p, b, f, v/ 발성에 미치는 모음의 영향 연구)

  • Koo, Hee-San
    • Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.23-27
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to find how English vowels /a, e, i, o, u/ affect the production of English labials /p, b, f, v/ by Korean learners of English. Sixty syllables were composed by five vowels and four labials in the syllable types CV, VC, and VCV. The nonsense syllables were produced three times by nine subjects. The major results show that (1) in inter-vocalic position, the subjects had higher scores in producing /v/ composed with /a, e, o/ and /u/, while subjects had lower scores in producing /p/ with /i/ and /o/, (2) in post-vocalic position, the subjects had higher scores in producing /v/ and /f/ with /a, e/, and /o/, while subjects had lower scores in producing /b/ with /e/ and /i/, and (3) in pre-vocalic position, the subjects had higher scores in producing /v/ with /e, o, u/ and /f/ with /u/, while subjects had lower scores in producing /b/ with /e/, /i/ and /u/. The results suggest that on the whole, Korean learners of English have much difficulty in producing /p/ with /i/ in inter-vocalic condition and /b/ with /i, /e/ in pre-vocalic position.

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Isolation and Characterization of a Protease-Producing Bacterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens P27 from Meju as a Probiotic Starter for Fermented Meat Products

  • Lee, Mi-Sun;Lee, Na-Kyoung;Chang, Kyung-Hoon;Choi, Shin-Yang;Song, Chi-Kwang;Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.804-810
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    • 2010
  • This study was performed to select protease-producing Bacillus sp. as a potential probiotic starter for fermented meat products. In order to isolate protease-producing bacterium from meju, measured the diameter of the clear zone on agar plate (TSA, 1% (w/v) skim milk) and analyzed for intracellular protease activity, then 10 Bacillus-like strains were isolated. Three Bacillus-like strains (P19, P27, and P33) among 10 strains were able to tolerate in acidic condition (TSB, pH 2.5, 2 h incubation). These 3 strains were showed antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria. These vegetative cells of 3 strains were showed a survival rate of 0.04% to 0.08% under the artificial gastric acidic condition (TSB, pH 2.5 with 1% (w/v) pepsin), but spore-forming cells were 56.29% to 84.77%. Vegetative cells of 3 strains were the least bile-resistant, while spore-forming cells of 3 strains showed higher survival rate more than 76% under artificial bile condition (TSB, 0.1% (w/v) oxgall bile). In these strains, P27 strain was finally selected as a good probiotic strain. P27 strain was tentatively identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by API CHB kit and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The results of this study suggest that B. amyloliquefaciens P27 can be used as a potential probiotic starter for fermented meat product.

A study on Producing Technology of PET Spun Yarn and Fabric Development in using (PET 모우사 제조기술 및 직물개발)

  • Sim, Seung-Beom;Gwon, Sun-Taek;Park, Jong-Hui
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.147-148
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    • 2008
  • This is studied about the development of new PET yarn having the new appearance and touch effect of Polyester(PET) Yarn as using spinning and texturing technology. The spinning technology is that we use the manufacturing technology caused to the denier difference of filaments composing of yarn. And the texturing technology is that we develope texturing condition caused to spun yarn effect as using filaments producing from the spinning processing.

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Studies on the Improvement of Roasting Condition of Sesame Seeds for Producing Seed Season and Oil (볶음 및 참기름용 참깨 가공방법 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Chang-Hwan;Choi, Kyoung-Jin;Shim, Kang-Bo;Ha, Tae-Joung;Lee, Myoung-Hee;Hwang, Joung-Dong;Pae, Suk-Bok;Park, Kum-Young;Baek, In-Youl
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.56 no.3
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    • pp.205-211
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to find optimum roasting condition of sesame seeds for making seed season and oil treated with different temperatures and time intervals. Sesame seeds with 17~18% of moisture content were treated under fixed and changed roasting temperature conditions. The fixed temperatures are ranged from 160 to $240^{\circ}C$ with $20^{\circ}C$ intervals. The changed temperatures were treated at low(160 and $180^{\circ}C$) and medium(200 and $220^{\circ}C$) for 10 minutes, and at high(220 and $240^{\circ}C$) for 3 minutes. Meanwhile, roasting times were 20-30 minutes longer under low temperature condition and 3-5 minutes shorter under high temperature condition. The optimum roasting temperature and time were determined as $220^{\circ}C$ and 3 minutes for producing seed season, and as $220^{\circ}C$ and 5 minutes for sesame oil, respectively, in roasting with small quantity of sesame seeds. On the other hand, in the large scale roasting condition, those showed $240^{\circ}C$ and 15 minutes in for producing seed season, and $280^{\circ}C$ and 10 minutes and $260^{\circ}C$ and 15 minute for producing seed season in white-colored sesame variety and black-colored sesame variety, respectively.

Characteristics of a Mutant of Trehalose-producing Micrococcus luteus and Optimization of Production Conditions (Trehalose를 생산하는 Micrococcus luteus 변이주의 특성 및 생산배지의 최적화)

  • 송희상;황기철;방원기
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.399-403
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    • 1999
  • For the production of trehalose, microorganisms capable of producing trehalose extracellularly were screened from the stock cultures in our laboratory. among them, Micrococcus luteus IFO 12708 showed the highest productivity of trehalose. For the increase of productivity, the mutant strai Hs-208 having higher trehalose production was selected with NTG(N-methyl-N'-nitrosoguanidine) mutagenesis, which led to the decrease of the specific activity of trehalose phosphorylase(3.2-fold) as compared to the wild strain. The optimum condition for the trehalose production was established as follows: 20g/l of glucose and 6g/l of tryptone were used as a sole carbon source and nitrogen source, respectively, and cultivations were carried out at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0. After 20hrs cultivation, addition of 20unit/ml penicillin G led to the higher conversion yield of trehalose. Under the optimum condition, 6.547g/l trehalose was produced with conversion yield of 32.7%.

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Studies on the Isolation of Cholesterol Oxidase Producing Soil Microorganism and the Culture Condition for the roduction of High Activity Cholesterol Oxidase (Cholesterol Oxidase를 생성하는 토양 미생물의 분리 및 효소 생산에 관한 연구)

  • 이인애;최용경;이홍수;최인성;정태화
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.395-400
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    • 1992
  • A novel strain of HSL613 producing a large amount of cholesterol oxidase as an extra~ cellular enzyme was isolated from soil samples. Experiments were carried out to optimize the condition of cholesterol oxidase production using HSL613 strain. This microorganism was shown to give the maximum yield f)f cholesterol oxidase in the medium containing 2% glucose, 2% yeast extract, 0.2% $K_2HP0_4$, 0.1% NaCl. 0.005% $CaCl_22H_2O, 0.001% $FeSO_47H_20$. The optimum temperature was $30^{\circ}C$ and the enzyme production reached a maximum level at 144 hours of cultivation (10.3$\mu$/ml).

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