• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation, according to postnatal age, between plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and echocardiographic parameters for the assessment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants with respiratory distress. Methods: We enrolled 42 preterm infants with respiratory distress who underwent serial echocardiographic evaluation with simultaneous plasma BNP measurements until ductal closure. The correlations between BNP levels and the following 4 representative echocardiographic parameters were studied: diameter of the ductus arteriosus (DA), ratio of the left atrial diameter to the aortic diameter (LA/Ao), ratio of the PDA diameter to the infant's left pulmonary artery diameter (PDA/LPA), and the antegrade diastolic flow of LPA (DFLPA). Results: BNP levels were significantly correlated to the magnitude of the ductal shunt, comprising the DA diameter, PDA/LPA ratio, LA/Ao ratio, and antegrade DFLPA for the overall study period. The earliest significant correlation, starting from postnatal day 2, was observed between the LA/Ao ratio and BNP levels. The PDA/LPA ratio and the antegrade DFLPA showed significant correlations with BNP levels postnatal day 3 onward, and with the DA diameter, postnatal day 5 onward. Conclusion: BNP levels and echocardiographic parameters showed a positive correlation, but the significance of the correlations differed according to the postnatal age, especially during the first few days of life.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.177-180
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• 2012

OK-432 (picibanil) is an inactivated preparation of $Streptococcus$ pyogenes that causes pleurodesis by inducing a strong inflammatory response. Intrapleural instillation of OK-432 has recently been used to successfully treat neonatal and fetal chylothorax. Here we report a trial of intrapleural instillation of OK-432 in two preterm infants who were born with hydrops fetalis and massive bilateral pleural effusion. Both cases showed persistent pleural effusion, refractory to conservative treatment, up to postnatal days 26 and 46, respectively. An average of 80 to 140 mL of pleural fluid was drained daily. In case 1, the infant was treated with OK-432 during the fetal period at gestation 28 weeks and 4 days of gestation, but showed recurrence of pleural effusion and progressed into hydrops. Within two to three days after OK-432 injection, the amount of pleural fluid drainage was dramatically decreased and there was no reaccumulation. We did not observe any side effects related to OK-432 injection. We suggest that OK-432 should be considered as a therapeutic option in infants who have persistent pleural effusion for more than four weeks, with the expectation of the early removal of the chest tube and a good outcome.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2004

슬괵건은 최근 여러 가지 재건술에 흔히 사용되는 자가 건으로 자가 슬개 건-골에 비해 건 채취 부위의 낮은 이환율과 쉬운 술기 등의 이점으로 그 사용이 늘어나고 있다. 그러나, 건의 부정확한 분리에 의해 두렁신경의 슬개 하분지 손상, 조기 건 절단, 건 균열 등의 합병증이 알려지고 있어 본 교실에서는 이러한 합병증을 줄이고자 변형된 방식의 슬괵건 채취 방법을 사용하였다. 슬괵건의 거위발 건을 뒤집는 술식으로 신경 손상과 건 균열 등의 합병증이 발생하지 않았다. 변형된 자가 슬괵건 채취 방식은 고식적 방식에 비해 각각의 건의 확인과 분리가 용이하고 봉공근의 보존이 가능하며 신경 손상을 방지할 수 있어 유용한 방법으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.575-584
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• 2012

Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen that comprises four genetic lineages: I, II, III, and IV. Of these, lineage II is frequently recovered from foods and environments and responsible for the increasing incidence of human listeriosis. In this study, the phylogenetic structure of lineage II was determined through sequencing analysis of the ascB-dapE internalin cluster. Fifteen sequence types proposed by multilocus sequence typing based on nine housekeeping genes were grouped into three distinct sublineages, IIA, IIB, and IIC. Organization of the ascB-dapE internalin cluster could serve as a molecular marker for these sublineages, with inlGHE, inlGC2DE, and inlC2DE for IIA, IIB, and IIC, respectively. These sublineages displayed specific genetic and phenotypic characteristics. IIA and IIC showed a higher frequency of recombination (${\rho}/{\theta}$). However, recombination events had greater effect (r/m) on IIB, leading to its high nucleotide diversity. Moreover, IIA and IIB harbored a wider range of internalin and stress-response genes, and possessed higher nisin tolerance, whereas IIC contained the largest portion of low-virulent strains owing to premature stop codons in inlA. The results of this study indicate that IIA, IIB, and IIC might occupy different ecological niches, and IIB might have a better adaptation to a broad range of environmental niches.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.781-790
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• 2011

이 연구는 다양한 보강상세를 갖는 CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced polymer)로 표면매립 보강된 철근콘크리트보의 보강효과에 관한 실험연구이다. 다양한 보강상세를 갖는 표면매립공법의 보강효과를 분석하기 위해 실험변수로 CFRP 보강재의 단면형상, 보강량, 매립 개수 및 위치 등의 다양한 보강상세를 적용하여 총 14개의 실험체를 제작하였다. 실험 결과, 표면매립보강의 파괴모드는 보강재 단면형상에 상관없이 보강재와 충전재가 하나로 거동하는 부착파괴 및 보강재 파단을 보였고, 홈 간격에 따라 홈 주변 콘크리트의 파괴면이 중첩되어 조기 부착파괴가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 등가 단면을 고려하여 부착상세를 개선한 기계적 맞물림(MI) 실험체의 파괴모드는 기존 부착파괴에서 CFRP 보강재 파단으로 개선되었고, CFRP 효율은 83%에서 100%로 향상되었다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.611-617
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• 2003

하악 견치의 매복은 약 0.1%의 발생 빈도로서 상악의 경우보다 드물게 나타나며, 매복의 원인으로는 맹출 및 배열 공간의 부족, 유견치의 조기상실, 과도한 치관 길이, 유전적 요인, 내분비선의 기능적 장애, 종양, 외상 등이 있다. 하악 매복 견치에 대한 치과적 접근으로는 교정적 힘을 가하여 매복치아를 구강으로 맹출시키는 방법과 외과적으로 매복치아를 노출시켜 제거하는 방법이 있다. 다음의 두 증례는 하악 매복 견치의 두 가지 치료 방법에 대한 것으로서 공간 부족, 매복 치아의 예후, 인접치아의 접근 정도 등을 고려하여 외과적 치료를 시행한 11세 여자 환자의 경우와 교정적 정출을 시도한 14세 남자 환자의 경우이며, 모두 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.322-333
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of study was : 1) to analyse the trend of research on the sensory stimulation in newborn in Korea, 2) to suggest direction for further study on the sensory stimulation in newborn and contributing to the use of intervention in newborn. Method: Research studies on the sensory stimulation in newborn were selected from the dissertations, parents-child health. Academic Society Journal, and from Korean Journal of Pediatrcs which were conducted between 1984 and 2002. The total numbers of the studies were 15. These studies were analyzed for 1) time of publication or presentation 2) thesis for a degree or nondegree 3) characteristics of subjects 4) sample size 5) research design 6) type of sensory stimualtion 7) meaurement tool 8) result. Result : 1)The most year of studies were the 1996's～ 2000's. 2) The degree of studies were higher than nondegree. 3) The most characteristics of subjects were the premature infants. 4) The most frequent sample sizes were 11-20. 5) The all research design was nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design in quasi experimental basis. 6) The most type of sensory stimulation was Field massage(tactile and kinesthetic). 7) The measurement tool used all objective tools. 8) The most research data were collected by the measure of the weight, heart rate, behavior state, respiration, stress hormon and positive results. Conclusion: 1) Human sensory stimulation did not seem to harm the infants. 2) several positive effects of sensory stimulation that have been reported previously must be reevaluated. 3) further research will be required large sample size, long-term outcome, individualized stimulation program, early parent-infant contact in order to enhance the development of attachment, to determine the underlying mechanism and theorical frame for these stimulation effect.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2015

중심위에서 벗어나 있는 최대교두감합위는 상하악 치아의 조기접촉 및 사면활주의 직접적인 원인이며, 악관절 내장증, 치아마모, 치주질환 등을 일으킬 수 있다. 그러므로 광범위한 보철수복이 필요한 환자에서 중심위와 최대교두감합위의 불일치가 존재하는 경우 반드시 이를 제거하여 생리적인 교합양식을 회복해야 한다. 본 증례의 환자는 초진 시 약 3.5 mm의 사면활주와 다수의 우식 및 중등도의 치주질환을 앓고 있었다. 보철수복을 통해 기능 및 심미성을 회복하는 동시에 중심위와 최대교두감합위를 일치시켜 사면활주를 제거하였으며, ARCUSdigma II와 경두개 방사선 사진을 이용하여 생리적인 위치로 수정된 하악위와 변화된 개폐구 경로를 관찰하였다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.215-228
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• 2017

A new approach for measuring the specific fracture energy of concrete denoted modified disk-shaped compact tension (MDCT) test is presented. The procedure is based on previous ideas regarding the use of compact tension specimens for studying the fracture behavior of concrete but implies significant modifications of the specimen morphology in order to avoid premature failures (such as the breakage of concrete around the pulling load holes). The manufacturing and test performance is improved and simplified, enhancing the reliability of the material characterization. MDCT specimens are particularly suitable when fracture properties of already casted concrete structures are required. To evaluate the applicability of the MDCT test to estimate the size-independent specific fracture energy of concrete ($G_F$),the interaction between the fracture process zone of concrete andthe boundary of theMDCTspecimens at the end of the test is properly analyzed. Further, the experimental results of $G_F$ obtained by MDCT tests for normal- and high-strength self-compacting concrete mixes are compared with those obtained using the well-established three-point bending test. The procedure proposed furnishes promising results, and the $G_F$ values obtained are reliable enough for the specimen size range studied in this work.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.199-213
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• 2017

Chloride penetration is among the main causes of corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete (RC) structures producing premature degradations. Weather and exposure conditions directly affect chloride ingress mechanisms and therefore the operational service life and safety of RC structures. Consequently, comprehensive chloride ingress models are useful tools to estimate corrosion initiation risks and minimize maintenance costs for RC structures placed under chloride-contaminated environments. This paper first presents a coupled thermo-hydro-chemical model for predicting chloride penetration into concrete that accounts for realistic weather conditions. This complete numerical model takes into account multiple factors affecting chloride ingress such as diffusion, convection, chloride binding, ionic interaction, and concrete aging. Since the complete model could be computationally expensive for long-term assessment, this study also proposes model simplifications in order to reduce the computational cost. Long-term chloride assessments of complete and reduced models are compared for three locations in France (Brest, Strasbourg and Nice) characterized by different weather and exposure conditions (tidal zone, de-icing salts and salt spray). The comparative study indicates that the reduced model is computationally efficient and accurate for long-term chloride ingress modeling in comparison to the complete one. Given that long-term assessment requires larger climate databases, this research also studies how climate models may affect chloride ingress assessment. The results indicate that the selection of climate models as well as the considered training periods introduce significant errors for mid- and long- term chloride ingress assessment.