• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.215-219
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• 2003

Buckling and post-buckling Analysis of Ludwick type and modified Ludwick type elastic materials was carried out. Because the constitutive equation, or stress-strain relationship is different from that of linear elastic one, a new governing equation was derived and solved by $4^{th}$ order Runge-Kutta method. Considered as a special case of combined loading, the buckling under both point and distributed load was selected and researched. The final solution takes distinguished behavior whether the constitutive relation is chosen to be modified or non-modified Ludwick type as well as linear or non-linear. We also derived strain energy function for non-linear elastic constitutive relationship. By doing so, we calculated the criterion function which estimates the stability of the equilibrium solutions and determines critical buckling load for non-linear cases. We applied this theory to the constitutive relationship of fabric, which also is the non-linear equation between the applied moment and curvature. This results has both technical and mathematical significance.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.508-516
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of jigsaw cooperative learning on the communication ability, problem solving ability, critical thinking disposition, self-directed learning ability and cooperation of nursing students. Methods: A one-group, pre-post design was utilized with 92 nursing students as subjects. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: The scores on problem solving ability, self-directed learning ability and cooperation were significantly increased after the education intervention. Conclusion: These findings indicate that cooperation learning is an effective intervention for improving problem-solving, self-directed learning ability, and cooperation in nursing education.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.14-17
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• 1999

The wrinkling behavior of a thin sheet with perfect geometry is a kind of compressive instability. The compressive instability is influenced by many factors such as stress state mechanical properties of the sheet material geometry of the body contact conditions and plastic anisotropy. The analysis of compressive instability in plastically deforming body is difficult considering all the factors because the effects of the factors are very complex and the instability behavior may show wide variation for small deviation of the factors. In this study the bifurcation theory is introduced for the finite element analysis of puckering initiation and growth of a thin sheet with perfect geometry. All the above mentioned analysis and the post-bifurcation behavior is analyzed by introducing the branching scheme proposed by Riks. The finite element formulation is based on the incremental deformation theory and elastic-plastic material modeling. in order to investigate the effect of plastic anisotropy on the compressive instability a square plate that is subjected to compression in one direction and tension in the other direction is analyzed by the above-mentionedfinite element analysis. The critical stress ratios above which the buckling does not take place are found for various plastic anisotropic modeling method and discussed. Finally the effect of plastic anisotropy on the puckering behavior in the spherical cup deep drawing process is investigated.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.497-506
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 주상복합건물에 적용가능한 건식공법에 의한 프리캐스트 콘크리트 보-기둥 연결부에 대하여 실험을 통하여 분석하였다. 현재 국내에 활용하고 있는 프리캐스트 콘크리트 보-기둥 연결부와 현재 미국에서 사용되고 있는 DDC 연결부, 그리고 DDC 연결부와 개선된 연결부에 포스트텐션을 도입한 시험체를 제작하였고, 실험을 통하여 그 거동을 평가하였다. 실험 결과 보-기둥 연결부에 DDC 시스템을 적용하게 되면 연결부의 강도와 연성능력의 향상을 기대할 수 있었으나 파괴 메커니즘이 보에 에너지를 분산시키지 않고, 연결부에서 사인장 균열에 의하여 에너지를 소산시키게 되어 연결부가 파괴되는 단점이 나타났다. 개량 DDC 연결부는 기둥에 사인장균열이 발생하지 않고 보다 연성적인 파괴거동을 보여주었다. 또한 보-기둥 연결부에 포스트텐션의 도입은 연결부 강도의 증가는 크게 기대할 수 없었으나 자가조정(self-centering) 등을 통하여 연결부의 안정성 및 연성능력에 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.199-210
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• 2003

흙이 변형하는 동안 전단지역 내에서 변형국지화가 자주 관찰된다. 사실상, 그 현상은 예외적이라기보다는 전형적으로 보인다. 개념적으로, 행해진 일의 증가가 음인 경우 변형국지화가 쉽게 발생한다. 이러한 현상을 검증하기 위해서, 본 연구에서는 배수상태의 조밀한 흙, 비배수상태의 느슨한 흙, 비배수전단하의 조밀한 흙에서의 공동화, 비균질한 흙, 판상형의 입자로 된 흙에서의 입자배열, 입자 깨짐을 가지는 흙, 그리고 낮은 함수비나 약한 시멘트결합이 된 흙 등 다양한 흙과 다양한 조건에 대하여 조사를 수행하였다. 이러한 경우들의 각각을 독립적으로 시험할 수 있도록 시료를 제작하였고 실험절차를 구상하였다. 실험결과에 의하면, 최고점후 변형연화거동을 가지는 흙은 변형국지화, 전단대형성, 그리고 점진적 파괴가 되기 쉽다. 응력상태, 흙밀도, 흙입자의 고유적인 역학적$.$지형학적인 특성, 저함수비, 그리고 비균질성이 변형국지화를 일으키는데 공헌을 하였다. 국지화가 가능한 모든 경우들을 고려해 볼 때, 실내시험으로부터 한계상태정수를 결정하는 최선의 방법은 배수전단하의 느슨하고 균일한 포화시료를 사용하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2006

This study reports the details of the finite element analysis of eleven shear critical partially prestressed concrete T-beams having steel fibers over partial or full depth. Prestressed concrete T-beams having a shear span to depth ratio of 2.65 and 1.59 and failing in the shear have been analyzed using 'ANSYS'. The 'ANSYS' model accounts for the nonlinear phenomenon, such as, bond-slip of longitudinal reinforcements, post-cracking tensile stiffness of the concrete, stress transfer across the cracked blocks of the concrete and load sustenance through the bridging of steel fibers at crack interface. The concrete is modeled using 'SOLID65'-eight-node brick element, which is capable of simulating the cracking and crushing behavior of brittle materials. The reinforcements such as deformed bars, prestressing wires and steel fibers have been modeled discretely using 'LINK8' - 3D spar element. The slip between the reinforcement (rebar, fibers) and the concrete has been modeled using a 'COMBIN39'-non-linear spring element connecting the nodes of the 'LINK8' element representing the reinforcement and nodes of the 'SOLID65' elements representing the concrete. The 'ANSYS' model correctly predicted the diagonal tension failure and shear compression failure of prestressed concrete beams observed in the experiment. The capability of the model to capture the critical crack regions, loads and deflections for various types of shear failures in prestressed concrete beam has been illustrated.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.387-398
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• 2018

The present study evaluates the interface shear strength between sand and different construction materials, namely steel and concrete, using direct shear test apparatus. The influence of surface roughness, mean size of sand particles, relative density of sand and size of the direct shear box on the interface shear behavior of sand with steel and concrete has been investigated. Test results show that the surface roughness of the construction materials significantly influences the interface shear strength. The peak and residual interface friction angles increase rapidly up to a particular value of surface roughness (critical surface roughness), beyond which the effect becomes negligible. At critical surface roughness, the peak and residual friction angles of the interfaces are 85-92% of the peak and residual internal friction angles of the sand. The particle size of sand (for morphologically identical sands) significantly influences the value of critical surface roughness. For the different roughness considered in the present study, both the peak and residual interaction coefficients lie in the range of 0.3-1. Moreover, the peak and residual interaction coefficients for all the interfaces considered are nearly identical, irrespective of the size of the direct shear box. The constitutive modeling of different interfaces followed the experimental investigation and it successfully predicted the pre-peak, peak and post peak interface shear response with reasonable accuracy. Moreover, the predicted stress-displacement relationship of different interfaces is in good agreement with the experimental results. The findings of the present study may also be applicable to other non-yielding interfaces having a similar range of roughness and sand properties.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.203-218
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• 2024

Beam-column joints in the frame structure are at high risk of brittle shear failure which would lead to significant residual deformation and even the collapse of the structure during an earthquake. In order to improve the damage issue and enhance the recoverability of the beam-column joints, a sector lead rubber damper (SLRD) has been developed. The SLRD can increase the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity, and also demonstrating recoverability of seismic performance following cyclic loading. In this paper, the hysteretic behavior of SLRD was experimentally investigated in terms of the regular hysteretic behavior, large deformation behavior and fatigue behavior. Furthermore, a parametric analysis was performed to study the influence of the primary design parameters on the hysteretic behavior of SLRD. The results show that SLRD resist the exerted loading through the shear capacity of both rubber parts coupled with the lead cores in the pre-yielding stage of lead cores. In the post-yielding phase, it is only the rubber parts of the SLRD that provide the shear capacity while the lead cores primarily dissipate the energy through shear deformation. The SLRD possesses a robust capacity for large deformation and can sustain hysteretic behavior when subjected to a loading rotation angle of 1/7 (equivalent to 200% shear strain of the rubber component). Furthermore, it demonstrates excellent fatigue resistance, with a degradation of critical behavior indices by no more than 15% in comparison to initial values even after 30 cycles. As for the designing practice of SLRD, it is recommended to adopt the double lead core scheme, along with a rubber material having the lowest possible shear modulus while meeting the desired bearing capacity and a thickness ratio of 0.4 to 0.5 for the thin steel plate.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.18-30
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• 2016

This study explores whether consumers' sustainable luxury purchase (SLP), which refers to luxury consumers' conscientious purchase behavior of "buying luxury for its timeless style and durable quality that leads to extended product usage and less waste," leads to luxury consumer pleasure (LCP). Furthermore, the current study examines whether LCP leads to positive post-purchase behavior reflected by sustainable divestment intention (SDI) and repurchase intention (RI). In addition, by building on Coping Theory, we explore whether luxury consumer guilt (LCG) positively moderates the relationship between LCP and SDI. Our empirical findings of the SEM analysis based on 452 valid responses demonstrate the significant relationships between SLP and LCP, between LCP and SDI, and between LCP and RI. This implies the importance of SLP in creating a favorable consumer response, which further leads to consumers' intentions to make a sustainable divestment and to repurchase luxury. Furthermore, the critical moderating role LCG plays in the relationship between LCP and SDI was supported, stressing the importance of guilt as a trigger of consumers' sustainable divestment behavior.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2024

As listed as one of the most important requirements for Post-Quantum Cryptography standardization process by National Institute of Standards and Technology, the resistance to various side-channel attacks is considered very critical in deploying cryptosystems in practice. In fact, cryptosystems can easily be broken by side-channel attacks, even though they are considered to be secure in the mathematical point of view. The timing attack(TA) and the simple power analysis attack(SPA) are such side-channel attack methods which can reveal sensitive information by analyzing the timing behavior or the power consumption pattern of cryptographic operations. Thus, appropriate measures against such attacks must carefully be considered in the early stage of cryptosystem's implementation process. The Montgomery multiplier is a commonly used and classical gadget in implementing big-number-based cryptosystems including RSA and ECC. And, as recently proposed as an alternative of building blocks for implementing post quantum cryptography such as lattice-based cryptography, the big-number multiplier including the Montgomery multiplier still plays a role in modern cryptography. However, in spite of its effectiveness and wide-adoption, the multiplier is known to be vulnerable to TA and SPA. And this paper proposes a new countermeasure for the Montgomery multiplier against TA and SPA. Briefly speaking, the new measure first represents a multiplication operand without 0 digits, so the resulting multiplication operation behaves in a very regular manner. Also, the new algorithm removes the extra final reduction (which is intrinsic to the modular multiplication) to make the resulting multiplier more timing-independent. Consequently, the resulting multiplier operates in constant time so that it totally removes any TA and SPA vulnerabilities. Since the proposed method can process multi bits at a time, implementers can also trade-off the performance with the resource usage to get desirable implementation characteristics.