• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2022

Porous basalt aggregate is commonly used in roadbed engineering, but its application in concrete has rarely been studied. This paper studies the application of porous basalt in concrete. Porous basalt aggregate is assessed for its effects on mechanical strength and durability of prepared C50 concrete; because it has a hole structure, porous basalt aggregate is known for its porosity, and porous basalt aggregates can be made full of water through changing the content of saturated basalt; after full-water condition is achieved in porous basalt aggregate mixture of C50 concrete, we discuss its mechanical properties and durability. The effects of C50 concrete prepared with basalt aggregate on the compressive strength, water absorption, and electric flux of concrete specimens of different ages were studied through experiments, and the effects of different replacement rates of saturated porous basalt aggregate on the properties of concrete were also studied. The results show that porous basalt aggregate can be prepared as C50 concrete. For early saturated porous basalt aggregate concrete, its compressive strength decreases with the increase of the replacement rate of saturated aggregate; this occurs up to concrete curing at 28 d, when the replacement rate of saturated basalt aggregate is greater than or equal to 40 %. The compressive strength of concrete increases with the increase of the replacement rate of saturated aggregate. The 28 d electric flux decreases with the increase of the replacement rate of saturated aggregate, indicating that saturated porous basalt aggregate can improve the chloride ion permeability resistance of concrete in later stages.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2024

In this paper, iron ore tailings (IOT) were separated from the tailings field and used to prepare cement stabilized macadam (CSM) with porous basalt aggregate. First, the basic properties of the raw materials were studied. Porous basalt was replaced by IOT at ratios of 0, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 % as fine aggregate to prepare CSM, and the effects of different cement dosage (4 %, 5 %, 6 %) on CSM performance were also investigated. CSM's durability and mechanical performance with ages of 7 d, 28 d, and 90 d were studied with the unconfined compression strength test, splitting tensile strength test, compressive modulus test and freeze-thaw test, respectively. The changes in Ca²⁺ content in CSM of different ages and different IOT ratios were analyzed by the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) titration method, and the micro-morphology of CSM with different ages and different IOT replaced ratio were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that with the same cement dosage, the strengths of the IOT-replaced CSM were weaker than that of the porous basalt aggregate at early stage, and the strength was highest at the replaced ratio of 60 %. With a cement dosage of 4 %, the unconfined compressive strength of CSM without IOT was increased by 6.78 % at ages from 28 d to 90 d, while the splitting tensile strength increased by 7.89 %. However, once the IOT replaced ratio reached 100 %, the values increased by about 76.24 % and 17.78 %, which was better than 0 % IOT. The CSM-IOT performed better than the porous basalt CSM at 90 d age. This means IOT can replace porous basalt fine aggregate as a pavement base.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

Being mostly made up of highly permeable basalt and volcanic ash soil, Jeju Island's lithosphere characterizes its streams to be dry, flowing only when precipitation is happening. Under this condition, this research was motivated to identify the need of conservation of underground water, which is taking up most of (84% of) Jeju's water usage, and made an attempt to reduce the permeability of stream beds so that it can replace underground water and be used instead. To this end, this study suggested a simple method to make dry streams to carry water all-year-round by reducing permeability of stream floor. The experiment of permeability was performed on the porous basalt and compared it with that of same basalt with volcanic ash soil and Jumunjin sand layer added on top. The results showed a dramatic decrease in permeability of water when both volcanic ash soil and Jumunjin sand is were layered on top of porous basalt. Despite being gained in a controlled environment with a simple test, this result may provide a realistic and effective method of preserving Jeju Island's underground water which ultimately is a method of resolving water related issues.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2016

This paper is concerned chiefly with the method of porous foam manufacture using basalt stone powder sludge. The hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) of bloating agent has lots of problems to manufacture porous lightweight aggregate due to fast reaction rate with cement or calcium hydroxide($Ca(OH)_2$). The $H_2O_2$ injecting method using nozzle for manufacturing porous lightweight aggregate is proposed, in this study. This method is to inject $H_2O_2$ at the pressure of 10 MPa on upper side of slurry mixing materials such as stone powder sludge and quick-lime(CaO) by injector. The specimen was dried in furnace at $100^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour and cured at ambient temperature for 30 days. We analyzed the characteristics including specific gravity and water absorption. The experiments were found that the porous foam has low specific gravity, high water absorption and uniform distribution of porous more than manufactured foam by general bloating methods.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2016

Mineral hydrate is a new insulation material that compensates for the defects of existing materials. Mineral hydrate is made of inorganic ingredients; therefore, it is nonflammable. The porous structure of mineral hydrate makes the material lightweight and insulating. Mineral hydrate insulation and similar products have been studied and manufactured in Korea and abroad. However, these insulation materials need to improve in terms of strength. In this study, basalt fiber was used to enhance the strength. In order to observe the property changes, compressive strength, heat conductivity, and specific gravity were measured and XRD pattern analysis was performed. These tests confirmed that basalt fiber was effective at improving the strength and lowering the heat conductivity of mineral hydrate insulation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.189-196
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• 2002

According to the Korean Design Code for port and harbor facilaties, bearing capacity of rubble mound under eccentric and inclined load is calculated by the simplified Bishop method, and strength parameters are recommended to be c=0.2kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and ø=35$^{\circ}$for standard rubble if the compressive strength of parent rock is greater than 300kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$, quoting from research results by Jun-ichi Mizukami(1991), But this facts have never been certified in Korea because there was not large-scale triaxial test apparatus until 2000 in Korea. Firstly in Korea, the large-scale triaxial test (sample diameter, 30cm and height, 60cm) on the rubble originated from porous basalt rock in North-Cheju was accomplished. Then strength parameters for basalt rubble produced in North-Cheju are recommended to be c=0.3kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and ø=36$^{\circ}$if the compressive strength of parent rock is greater than 400kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2011

최근 제주도 개발을 위한 많은 토목공사가 실시되고 있다. 하지만 화산활동 과정에서 생성된 클링커층과 다공질 현무암이 불규칙하게 분포된 제주도 암반은 그 구조적 특성으로 인해 발파효율이 매우 낮아 공사에 큰 지장을 주고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 3지역에서 실시된 시험발파결과를 분석한 결과 효과적인 발파를 위한 비장약량은 0.40~0.45 $kg/m^3$이 되어야 할 것으로 판단할 수 있었다. 또한 굴착심도 내에 클링커층의 존재유무로 나누어 발파설계를 해야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2015

PURPOSES : This paper, presents the results of a laboratory study aimed to verify the suitability of a particular type of Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steel slag to be recycled in the lithic skeleton of both dense graded and porous asphalt mixtures for flexible pavements. METHODS : Cyclic creep and stiffness modulus tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical performance of three different asphalt mixtures (dense graded, porous asphalt, and stone mastic) prepared with two types of EAF steel slag. For comparison purposes, the same three mixtures were also designed with conventional aggregates (basalt and limestone). RESULTS : All the asphalt mixtures prepared with EAF steel slag satisfied the current requirements of the European standards, which support EAF steel slag as a suitable material for flexible pavement construction. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the experimental work, the use of waste material obtained from steel production (e.g. EAF steel slag) as an alternative in the lithic skeleton of asphalt mixtures can be a satisfactory and reasonable choice that fulfills the "Zero Waste" objective that many iron and steel industries have pursued in the past decades.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2013

In this study, lightweight aggregate was made from basalt stone powder sludge. Clay and glass powder were respectively added from 0 to 20 wt% and from 0 to 100 wt%. The glass powder helped to form glassy phase which trapped generating gas in the materials. $CaCO_3$ helping bloating process was added from 0 to 10 wt%. It was possible to produce lightweight aggregate at range from $1150^{\circ}C$ to $1200^{\circ}C$. The specimen was heated in furnace at 1100, 1150 and $1200^{\circ}C$ for 15 min, respectively, to sinter aggregates. Chemical composition of materials were determined, and characteristics were analyzed, including specific gravity, water absorption. Lightweight aggregate which was heated at $1200^{\circ}C$ had specific gravity of $0.53g/cm^3$, water absorption of 3.08%, and this value satisfied KS L 8551 standard.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.147-160
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• 2002

우리나라 해양수산부(1999) $\ulcorner$항만 및 어항설계기준$\lrcorner$ 에서는 중력식 방파제 또는 중력식 안벽의 기초의 지지력 검토시 Bishop방법을 이용하여 기초의 지지력을 계산하는 것을 표준으로 규정하구 이 때 사석의 강도정수는 대형삼축압축시험을 이용하여 정하는 것이 가장 합리적이나 여러가지 여건상 시험이 불가능할 경우에는 일본 항만기술연구소의 $\ulcorner$항만기연자료 No. 699(水上, 1991)$\lrcorner$를 인용하여 암석의 일축압축강도가 300 kg/$cm^2$이상이면 점착력 0.2kg/$cm^2$, 내부마찰각 $35^{\circ}$$^{\circ}$는 기대할 수 있다는 결과를 인용.제시하고 있다. 그러나 이에 대한 국내의 어떠한 검증도 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 비교적 일축압축강도가 작은 북제주 다공질 현무암 사석재를 대상으로 국내최초로 대형삼축압축시험(공시체직경: 30cm, 공시체높이: 60cm)을 실시하였다. 시험결과 북제주 현무암 사석재의 일축압축 강도가 400 kg/$cm^2$보다 클 경우 c=0.3kg/$cm^2,\phi=36^{\circ}$ 의 강도정수를 사용할 수 있음을 제안하고, 입자파쇄와 다이러턴시로 대표되는 사석재의 전단 특성에 대해서도 고찰하였다.