• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.182-189
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• 1981

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional status of the Korean population and its relationship with the age, sex, economic status and geographic characteristics. Taking in consideration the geographic location and socioeconomic states, ten regions out of the twenty-four regions where the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs had executed a programme (National Nutrition Survey) on evaluation of the community nutritional status were selected. Hemoglobin concentration hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were tested from a total of 906 subjects in a month of November, 1979. The results of this study suggest that the anemia prevalences of young children in Seoul and rural areas were remarkedly decreased during last ten years, but the prevalence of low income group in provincial cities are still high and particularly in 7-l4yr. and female adult group.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1977

The maximum relative growth rate of algae treated with Zinc was shown as follows: 15, 8, 6, 3 and -5% per day for the rather sensitive Chlorella sp. populations, or 14, 7, 5 and 4% per day for the Pleurococcus sp. populations, and 22, 20, 13, 9 and 7% per day for the more resistant Scenedesmus spinosus populations, respectively for the culture medium with 0, 1, 5, 10 and 20 ppm of Zinc treatment. With mixed cultures of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus spinosus populations, the growth of the Chlorella sp. population overcame that of the S. spinomsus population from the cultures treated with relatively low concentration of Zinc. On the contrary, the population growth of the latter resistant species overcame that of the former sensitive species when the concentration of Zinc was above 5 ppm Zn of the medium. This paper describes the results of further investigations of the effects evaluated by direct cell counts method, optical density comparisons, oxygen production and consumption determinations and the measurements of the fate of Zinc treated in the solutions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2011

Osteocalcin (OC), a marker of bone turnover, displays patterns in relation to physiological and genetic factors. Here, we present an association study in a population of Chinese Holstein cattle (n = 24) with OC serum concentration as a phenotypic trait. We hypothesised that OC status is associated with phylogeny, vitamin D serum level and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was used as an unlinked marker to examine phylogeny and linkage to measured phenotypic traits of vitamin D and OC status. Following an association study with OC serum variability as the trait, genotyping of SNPs (n = 27) in OC-related genes was performed. Candidate SNPs were chosen in genes with an emphasis on the vitamin D and vitamin K pathways. Multivariant factor analysis revealed a correlation between vitamin D serum concentration and a SNP in the gene GC (rs43338565), which encodes a vitamin D-binding protein, as well as between a SNP in NFATc1 (rs42038422) and OC concentration. However, univariate analysis revealed that population structure, vitamin D serum levels and SNPs were not significant determinants of OC status in the studied group.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.84-87
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of levosulpiride and terbinafine according to several pharmacokinetic models and to investigate the influence of characteristics of subjects such as age, body weight, height and serum creatinine concentration on the pharmacokinetic parameters of levosulpiride and terbinafine, respectively. (omitted)

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.362-371
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• 2023

Background: PM_2.5 pollution has been a persistent problem in South Korea, with concentrations consistently exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The aging of the population in the country further exacerbates the health impacts of PM_2.5 since older adults are more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate how the health impact (premature death) due to long-term exposure to PM_2.5 in South Korea could change in the future according to the trend of change in the country's population structure. Methods: The study employs a relative risk function, which accounts for age-specific relative risks, to assess the changes in premature deaths by age and region at the average annual PM_2.5 concentration for 2022 and at PM_2.5 concentration improvement levels. Premature deaths were estimated using the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM). Results: The findings indicate that the increase in premature deaths resulting from the projected population structure changes up to 2050 would significantly outweigh the health benefits (reduction in premature deaths) compared to 2012. This is primarily attributed to the rising number of premature deaths among the elderly due to population aging. Furthermore, the study suggests that the effectiveness of the current domestic PM_2.5 standard would be halved by 2050 due to the increasing impact of population aging on PM_2.5-related mortality. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of considering trends in population structure when evaluating the health benefits of air pollution reduction measures. By comparing and evaluating the health benefits in reflection of changes in population structure to the predicted PM_2.5 concentration improvements at the provincial level, a more comprehensive assessment of regional air quality management strategies can be achieved.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2010

This study was carried out to analyze vegetation and soil characteristic, and ordination of Scrophularia takesimensis population, Ulleung Island. The Scrophularia takesimensis population was classified into Aster spathulifolius for. oharai dominant population, Vitis amurensis dominant population and Scrophularia takesimensis typical population. The Scrophularia takesimensis population was located in elevation of 1m to 6m, in Ulleung Island. In the study sites, soil organic matter, nitrogen, available phosphorous, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium and exchangeable sodium concentration, and cation exchange capacity, and soil pH were 9.1~19.1%, 0.19~0.52%, 87.1~196.7mg/kg, 2.0~2.8cmol+/kg, 5.4~5.9cmol+/kg, 5.9~8.8cmol+/kg, 4.4~4.8cmol+/kg, 20.3~26.7cmol+/kg, and 6.8~8.0, respectively. The Vitis amurensis dominant population was mainly found in the high percentage of total nitrogen, organic matter, CEC in comparison with Aster spathulifolius for. oharai dominant population.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.530-535
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• 2008

본 연구는 울릉도 고추냉이 개체군의 식생과 토양특성, 분포서열법을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 고추냉이 개체군은 서면의 해발고 440m에서 570m 사이와 나리분지의 해발 340m 부근에 분포하고 있다. 고추냉이 군락지의 토양은 유기물함량 15.01%, 전질소함량 0.48%, 유효인산함량 44.19mg/kg, 치환성 K 2.00(me/100g), 치환성 Ca 7.19(me/100g), 치환성 Mg 4.44(me/100g), 양이온치환용량 22.55(me/100g)로 높게 나타났으며, 토양 pH는 6.17로 약산성 토양의 특징을 나타내고 있다. 일색고사리 우점개체군은 좀깨잎나무 우점개체군보다 전질소, 유기물함량, CEC, 치환성 Ca 등이 다소 많은 입지에 분포하고 있는데 반하여 좀깨잎나무 우점개체군은 일색고사리 우점개체군보다 pH가 다소 높은 입지에 분포하고 있었다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2018

Background: Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive agent used to treat and prevent graft versus host reaction (GVHR)-a complication associated with stem cell transplantation. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of cyclosporine and investigate factors affecting cyclosporine clearance in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Methods: A total of 650 cyclosporine concentrations recorded in 65 patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were used. Data including age, sex, weight, height, body surface area (BSA), type of disease, chemotherapy before stem cell transplantation, type of donor, serum creatinine levels, total bilirubin concentration, hematocrit value, and type of concomitant anti-fungal agents and methylprednisolone used were retrospectively collected. Data related to cyclosporine dosage, administration time, and blood concentration were also collected. All data were analyzed using the non-linear mixed effect model; a two-compartment model with first-order elimination was used. Results: The population pharmacokinetic model of cyclosporine using the NONMEM program was as follows: $CL(L/h)=5.9{\times}(BSA/1.2)^{0.9}$, V2 (L) = 54.5, Q (L/h) = 3.5, V3 (L) = 1080.0, $k_a(h^{-1})=0.000377$. BSA was selected as a covariate of cyclosporine clearance, which increased with an increase in BSA. Conclusion: A population pharmacokinetic model for Korean pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients was developed, and the important factor affecting cyclosporine clearance was found to be BSA. The model might contribute to the development of the most appropriate dosing regimen for cyclosporine. Further studies on population pharmacokinetics should be carried out, prospectively targeting pediatric patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.218-225
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• 2011

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between the blood mercury concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly Korean individuals living in coastal areas. Methods: The sample consisted of 477 adults (164 males, 313 females) aged 40 to 65 years who visited a Busan health promotion center from June to September in 2009. The relationship between blood mercury concentration and cardiovascular risk factors including metabolic syndrome, cholesterol profiles, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), was investigated. Variables related to blood mercury concentration were further evaluated using multiple regression analysis. Results: The blood mercury concentration of the study population was 7.99 (range, 7.60 to 8.40) ${\mu}g$/L. In males, the blood mercury concentration was 9.74 (8.92 to 10.63) ${\mu}g$/L, which was significantly higher than that in females (7.21, [6.80 to 7.64] ${\mu}g$/L). The blood mercury concentration of the study population was related to several cardiovascular risk factors including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (p=0.044), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p=0.034), BMI (p = 0.006), waist circumference (p = 0.031), and WHR (p < 0.001). In males, the blood mercury concentration was significantly correlated with WHR in the multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: In males, the blood mercury concentration was related to waist-to-hip ratio, which is a central obesity index and cardiovascular risk factor. Our finding suggests that cardiovascular disease risk in males was increased by mercury exposure via an obesity-related mechanism.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.109-118
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• 1983

Near future dynamics of water qualities (nutrient concentration) of the Han River was predicted, based on a mathematical model representing the relationship between the nutrient concentration in th river wagter and environmental factors (population density, land-use types, rock compositions and nutrient accumulation) in the basin. The population density and land-use types were forecasted to change distinctly in the downstream area, especially in Seoul City area in 1985~1990 whereas any environmental factor was not expected to change its level significantly in both upstream and middle reaches areas. It was indicated by the model that the nutrients concentration in the up- and mid-streams would keep its level in future as it was, but it would increase drastially in the downstream area. For the preservation of the water qualities in the downstream at least to keep its level as it was in 1980, practical countermeasures were proposed, based on the assessment of the contribution of each environmental factor to the water qualities.