[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.218

Relationship Between Blood Mercury Concentration and Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Elderly Korean Individuals Living in Coastal Areas

You, Chang-Hun (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University)
Kim, Byoung-Gwon (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University)
Kim, Jung-Man (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University)
Yu, Seung-Do (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Kim, Yu-Mi (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University)
Kim, Rock-Bum (Regional Cardio-Cerebrovascular Center, Dong-A Medical Center)
Hong, Young-Seoub (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)

Publication Information

Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health / v.44, no.5, 2011 , pp. 218-225 More about this Journal

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between the blood mercury concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly Korean individuals living in coastal areas. Methods: The sample consisted of 477 adults (164 males, 313 females) aged 40 to 65 years who visited a Busan health promotion center from June to September in 2009. The relationship between blood mercury concentration and cardiovascular risk factors including metabolic syndrome, cholesterol profiles, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), was investigated. Variables related to blood mercury concentration were further evaluated using multiple regression analysis. Results: The blood mercury concentration of the study population was 7.99 (range, 7.60 to 8.40) ${\mu}g$ /L. In males, the blood mercury concentration was 9.74 (8.92 to 10.63) ${\mu}g$ /L, which was significantly higher than that in females (7.21, [6.80 to 7.64] ${\mu}g$ /L). The blood mercury concentration of the study population was related to several cardiovascular risk factors including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (p=0.044), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p=0.034), BMI (p = 0.006), waist circumference (p = 0.031), and WHR (p < 0.001). In males, the blood mercury concentration was significantly correlated with WHR in the multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: In males, the blood mercury concentration was related to waist-to-hip ratio, which is a central obesity index and cardiovascular risk factor. Our finding suggests that cardiovascular disease risk in males was increased by mercury exposure via an obesity-related mechanism.

Keywords

Cardiovascular risk factor; Mercury; Obesity; Waist-to-hip ratio;

Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By KSCI : 3 (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 1

Reference
Cited By KSCI

1	Lee SY, Park HS, Kim DJ, Han JH, Kim SM, Cho GJ, et al. Appropriate waist circumference cutoff points for central obesity in Korean adults. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007; 75(1): 72-80. DOI ScienceOn
2	Nuttall KL. Interpreting hair mercury levels in individual patients. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2006; 36(3): 248-261.
3	Mahaffey KR. Mercury exposure: medical and public health issues. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 2005; 116: 127-153.
4	Virtanen JK, Rissanen TH, Voutilainen S, Tuomainen TP. Mercury as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2007; 18(2): 75-85. DOI ScienceOn
5	Hu G, Tuomilehto J, Silventoinen K, Sarti C, Mannisto S, Jousilahti P. Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio on the risk of total and type-specific stroke. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167(13): 1420-1427. DOI ScienceOn
6	Barbosa AC, Jardim W, Dorea JG, Fosberg B, Souza J. Hair mercury speciation as a function of gender, age, and body mass index in inhabitants of the Negro River basin, Amazon, Brazil. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 40(3): 439-444. DOI ScienceOn
7	Valera B, Dewailly E, Poirier P. Environmental mercury exposure and blood pressure among Nunavik Inuit adults. Hypertension 2009; 54(5): 981-986. DOI ScienceOn
8	Choi AL, Weihe P, Budtz-Jorgensen E, Jorgensen PJ, Salonen JT, Tuomainen TP, et al. Methylmercury exposure and adverse cardiovascular effects in Faroese whaling men. Environ Health Perspect 2009; 117(3): 367-372. DOI
9	Park SB, Choi SW, Nam AY. Hair tissue mineral analysis and metabolic syndrome. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 130(3): 218-228. DOI ScienceOn
10	Nuttall KL. Interpreting mercury in blood and urine of individual patients. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2004; 34(3): 235-250.
11	Kim DS, Lee EH, Yu SD, Cha JH, Ahn SC. Heavy metal as risk factor of cardiovascular disease--an analysis of blood lead and urinary mercury. J Prev Med Public Health 2005; 38(4): 401-407. (Korean)
12	Strom S, Helmfrid I, Glynn A, Berglund M, Nutritional and toxicological aspects of seafood consumption-an integrated exposure and risk assessment of methylmercury and polyunsaturated fatty acid. Environ Res 2011; 111(2): 274-280. DOI ScienceOn
13	Korean National Statistical Office. Annual report in the cause of death statistics. Daejeon: Korean National Statistical Office; 2010. (Korean)
14	Kim NS, Lee BK. National estimates of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels in the Korean general adult population. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2011; 84(1): 53-63. DOI ScienceOn
15	Son JY, Lee J, Paek D, Lee JT. Blood levels of lead, cadmium, and mercury in the Korean population: results from the Second Korean National Human Exposure and Bio-monitoring Examination. Environ Res 2009; 109(6): 738-744. DOI ScienceOn
16	Kim NS, Lee BK. Blood total mercury and fish consumption in the Korean general population in KNHANES III, 2005. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408(20): 4841-4847. DOI ScienceOn
17	Kim CW, Kim YW, Chae CH, Son JS, Park SH, Koh JC, et al, The effects of the frequency of fish consumption on blood mercury levels in Koreans. Korean J Occup Environ Med 2010; 22(2): 114-121. (Korean)
18	Jo EM, Kim BG, Kim YM, Yu SD, You CH, Kim JY, et al. Blood mercury concentration and related factors in an urban coastal area in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health 2010; 43(5): 377-386. DOI
19	Lim S, Chung HU, Paek D. Low dose mercury and heart rate variability among community residents nearby to an industrial complex in Korea. Neurotoxicology 2010; 31(1): 10-16. DOI ScienceOn
20	Rissanen T, Voutilainen S, Nyyssonen K, Lakka TA, Salonen JT. Fish oil-derived fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid, and the risk of acute coronary events: the Kuopio ischaemic heart disease risk factor study. Circulation 2000; 102(22): 2677-2679. DOI ScienceOn
21	Grandjean P, Satoh H, Murata K, Eto K. Adverse effects of methylmercury: environmental health research implications. Environ Health Perspect 2010; 118(8): 1137-1145. DOI ScienceOn
22	Oken E, Wright RO, Kleinman KP, Bellinger D, Amarasi riwardena CJ, Hu H, et al. Maternal fish consumption, hair mercury, and infant cognition in a U.S. Cohort. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113(10): 1376-1380. DOI ScienceOn
23	Wiggers GA, Pecanha FM, Briones AM, Perez-Giron JV, Miguel M, Vassallo DV, et al. Low mercury concentrations cause oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in conductance and resistance arteries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295(3): H1033-H1043.
24	Clarkson TW. The three modern faces of mercury. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110 (Suppl 1): 11-23.
25	United States Environmental Protection Agency. What you need to know about mercury in fish and shell fish. [cited 2011 July 18]. Available from: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/ swguidance/outreach/advice_index.cfm.
26	Schulz C, Angerer J, Ewers U, Kolossa-Gehring M. The German Human Biomonitoring Commission. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2007; 210(3-4): 373-382. DOI ScienceOn
27	de Marco KC, Passos CJ, Sertorio J, Tanus-Santos JE, Barbosa F Jr. Environmental exposure to methylmercury is associated with a decrease in nitric oxide production. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2010; 106(5): 411-415.
28	Stern AH. A review of the studies of the cardiovascular health effects of methylmercury with consideration of their suitability for risk assessment. Environ Res 2005; 98(1): 133-142. DOI ScienceOn
29	Guallar E, Sanz-Gallardo MI, van't Veer P, Bode P, Aro A, Gomez-Aracena J, et al. Mercury, fish oils, and the risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2002; 347(22): 1747-1754. DOI ScienceOn
30	Yoshizawa K, Rimm EB, Morris JS, Spate VL, Hsieh CC, Spiegelman D, et al. Mercury and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 2002; 347(22): 1755- 1760. DOI ScienceOn
31	Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002; 106(21): 2747-2757. DOI ScienceOn
32	Konig A, Bouzan C, Cohen JT, Connor WE, Kris-Etherton PM, Gray GM, et al. A quantitative analysis of fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality. Am J Prev Med 2005; 29(4): 335-346. DOI ScienceOn
33	Mistry RS, Vandewater EA, Huston AC, McLoyd VC. Economic well-being and children's social adjustment: the role of family process in an ethnically diverse low-income sample. Child Dev 2002; 73(3): 935-951. DOI ScienceOn

4	(2013) Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association Association of lead, mercury and cadmium with diabetes in the Korean population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2009–2010 / 30 (4) , e143
4	(2013) Korean journal of obesity : KJO The Relationships Between Blood Mercury Concentration and Body Composition Measures Using 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey / 22 (4) , 237
2	(2011) Endocrine Additive effect of heavy metals on metabolic syndrome in the Korean population: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2009-2010 / 46 (2) , 263
1	Seongbeom Cho. (2011) BMC public health Population correlates of circulating mercury levels in Korean adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV / 14 (1) , 527
1	(2014) Korean journal of obesity : KJO Heavy Metal and Obesity / 23 (1) , 20
5	(2011) International archives of occupational and environmental health : Internationales Archiv für Arbeits- und Umweltmedizin Reference levels of blood mercury and association with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults / 87 (5) , 501
3	(2014) World journal of dentistry Hair Mercury Levels in Periodontal Patients in Comparison with Healthy Individuals / 5 (3) , 166
3	(2014) World journal of dentistry Hair Mercury Levels in Periodontal Patients in Comparison with Healthy Individuals / 5 (3) , 166
4	(2011) Preventive nutrition and food science Relationship between Blood Mercury Level and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: Results from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV) 2008-2009 / 19 (4) , 333
1	(2015) Biological trace element research Blood Mercury Can Be a Factor of Elevated Serum Ferritin: Analysis of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2008-2012) / 164 (1) , 3
3	(2015) 한국산학기술학회논문지 혈중 납, 수은, 카드뮴 농도와 노출관련 인자 / 16 (3) , 2089
2	Seunghyun Lee. (2011) Biological trace element research The Association Between Blood Mercury Levels and Risk for Overweight in a General Adult Population: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey / 171 (2) , 251
1	A. Zioła-Frankowska. (2011) Environmental science and pollution research international An analysis of factors affecting the mercury content in the human femoral bone / 24 (1) , 547
2	(2011) Nutrients Relationship between Selected Serum Metallic Elements and Obesity in Children and Adolescent in the U.S. / 9 (2) , 104
2	Jong Suk Park. (2011) Diabetes & metabolism journal Association between Blood Mercury Level and Visceral Adiposity in Adults / 41 (2) , 113
2	(2011) Diabetes & metabolism journal Association between Blood Mercury Level and Visceral Adiposity in Adults / 41 (2) , 96
4	(2011) Korean journal of pediatrics The association of total blood mercury levels and overweight among Korean adolescents: analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2013 / 61 (4) , 121
1	(2011) Annals of occupational and environmental medicine The association between mercury concentrations and lipid profiles in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 3 / 32 (1) , e19
1	(2011) Nutrients Association of Blood Mercury Level with the Risk of Depression According to Fish Intake Level in the General Korean Population: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surve / 12 (1) , 189
1	(2011) Biological trace element research Mercury and Atherosclerosis: Cell Biology, Pathophysiology, and Epidemiological Studies / 196 (1) , 27
2	(2011) International journal of environmental research and public health Association between Dyslipidemia and Mercury Exposure in Adults / 18 (2) , 775
13	(2021) International journal of environmental research and public health Assessment of Lead and Mercury Exposure Levels in the General Population of Korea Using Integrated National Biomonitoring Data / 18 (13) , 6932
no.pa	(2011) Environmental research Lead, mercury, and cadmium exposures are associated with obesity but not with diabetes mellitus: Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017 / 204 (no.pa) , 111888