• Development and Reproduction
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2001

Genomic DNA from the blood of crucian carp(Carassius carassiu) from lake and aquaculture facility in Kunsan, Korea was extracted in order to identify genetic differences by polymerase chain reaction-randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs(PCR-RAPD). Out of 12 primers, 6 generated 266 highly reproducible RAPD markers, producing approximately 2.1 polymorphic bands per primer in crucian carp from lake. The degree of similarity varied from 0.18 to 0.76 as calculated by bandsharing analysis in crucian carp from lake. The RAPD outlines obtained with DNA of two different crucian carp populations from Kunsan were different(0.47 from lake and 0.70 from aquaculture facility, respectively). The electrophoretic analysis of polymerase chain reaction-randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs(PCR-RAPD) products showed high levels of similarity between different individuals in crucian carp from aquaculture facility. This result implies the genetic similarity due to raising in the same environmental condition or inbreeding within the crucian carp from aquaculture facility in Kunsan. In other words, crucian carp may have high levels of genome DNA diversity due to the introduction of the wild population from the other sites of Knsan even if it may be the geographical diverse distribution of this species. Generally, the RAPD polymorphism generated by these primers may be useful as a genetic marker for strain or population identification of important aquacultural fish species, crucian carp. However, in future, additional populations and sampling sites will be necessary to complement weak points.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.303-311
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• 2017

In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analyses were used for evaluation of genetic diversity of 61 kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) germplasms including domestic and overseas collection cultivars. Forty RAPD primers were detected in a total of 230 polymorphic bands with an average of 5.75. Thirty-two SRAP primer combinations were detected in a total of 204 polymorphic bands with an average 6.38. By unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average cluster analysis using 434 polymorphic bands, kiwifruit germplasms were classified in three groups with similarity value of 0.680. Cluster I consisted of 46 kiwifruit germplasms belonging to A. deliciosa, A. chinensis, A. deliciosa ${\times}$ A. arguta, A. chinensis ${\times}$ A. arguta, and A. chinensis ${\times}$ A. deliciosa. Cluster II consisted of seven germplasms belonging to A. arguta and 'Skinny Green', a cultivar derived from a cross between A. arguta and A. deliciosa. Cluster III consisted of seven germplasms belonging to A. rufa, A. hemsleyana, A. macrosperma, A. polygama, and A. eriantha. Genetic similarity values among tested kiwifruit germplasms ranged from 0.479-0.991, and average similarity value was 0.717. Similarity value was highest (0.991) between NHK0038 (A. deliciosa) and NHK0040 (A. deliciosa), and lowest (0.479) between 'Hayward' (A. deliciosa) and K5-1-22 (A. arguta).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 2010

Genetic variations of Chajogi (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) germplasms were investigated by using RAPD markers. Twenty-two Perilla frutescens var. crispa lines collected from various locations were subjected to RAPD analysis using 80 primers. Among them, only 22 primers showed polymorphic bands and these 22 primers provided a total of 224 bands consisting of 127 polymorphic and 97 monomorphioc bands. The polymorphic bands were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using the UPGMA method. From UPGMA, similarity co-efficiency of 22 Chajogi lines ranged from 0.72 to 0.94. The dendrogram of 22 lines obtained through the UPGMA method resulted in two groups (one major group and one minor group). Although the two groups were roughly consistent with growth phenotypes (period of flowering, period of maturity, stem length, number of branches, number of nodes, number of flower clusters and number of ovaries) in detail, much inconsistency also was present

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.24 no.3 s.78
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• pp.186-205
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• 1996

This study was carried out to obtain data concerning the genetic variability of Pleurotus ostreatus. Monospores of P. ostreatus were isolated and cultured to estimate differences in the rate of mycelial growth and genetic similarity among the isolates. Although the overall growth rates were slow compared to their parental dikaryon except 2-MI 4, significant differences in the rate of mycelial growth were observed among isolates. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using twenty six random primers showed 345 polymorphic DNA bands from 35 monospore isolates and their parental dikaryon. DNA bands ranged from 0.1 to 4.0 Kb in size. Most various polymorphic DNA bands within monospore isolates were obtained when we used J (OPA-01) or W (OPB-04). The 36-MI 103 showed totally different band patterns from those of the others. RAPD analysis revealed that there is approximatly 75% genetic similarity between monospore isolates and their parental dikaryon except 36-MI 103, which showed only 49% genetic similarity. In addition, genetic similarity degrees were classified into four groups: I (parental dikaryon), II (fast growing type), III (moderate growing type), and IV (slow growing type). However, there is no correlation between mating type and mycelial growth rates.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1470-1476
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• 2012

A genetic variation of Lepista nuda and two genus Lepista species (L. irina and L. sordida) were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis. In the resulting RAPD analysis, 22 out of 40 random primers amplified polymorphic RAPD fragment patterns, the amplified bands were 355, and DNA fragment sizes were 200-400bp. Intraspecific genetic dissimilarity of the 10 L. nuda strains were calculated to range from 0% to 21.60%, L. sordida from 16.93% to 24.82%, L. irina were 20.62% to 25.54%, and intraspecific genetic dissimilarity of L. sordida and L. irina was 23.49%. The 673 base pairs were sequenced during the analysis of the ITS I and II region; six L. nuda strains intraspecific genetic dissimilarities ranged from 1.58% to 11.47%, L. nuda and L. sordida from 3.83% to 12.88%, L. nuda and L. irina from 7.11% to 15.61%, and intra-specific genetic variation between L. sordida and L. irina was 4.79%. The findings showed that RAPD and ITS sequencing could be used for developing molecular genetic markers and screening of unidentified genus Lepista species.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.3 s.86
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• pp.365-372
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• 1998

In this study, we evaluated the genetic relationships of fourty seven Pestalotiopsis theae isolates collected from diseased sweet persimon in various places in southern part of Korea using RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs) method. As a result of the amplification, eight primers showed total of 86 bands ranging from 0.3 Kb to 3.2 Kb. Among those 86 bands, 84 polymorphic bands were used for bionominal matrix code (0, 1), and UPGMA dendrogram analysis. Similarities among the compared isolates ranged from below 60% to more than 95%. Most of the compared isolates showed $50{\sim}80%$ similarities. The number of isolate pairs which showed more than 80% similarity were 248. The number of isolate pairs which showed $50{\sim}80%$ similarity were 789, and the number of isolate pairs which showed below 50% similarity were 21. Isolate SP-21 (No.9) showed below 50% similarity with all the isolates compared. At 50% similarity level, all the isolates compared, except isolate SP-21 (No.9), were included in one big group. At 65% similarity level, all the isolates compared, except isolate SP-21 (No.9), were divided into three different groups. At 75% similarity level, all the isolates compared, except isolates SP-47 (No. 23) and SP-21 (No.9), were divided into six different groups.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.722-729
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• 2015

Powdery mildew (PM) caused by Podosphaera aphanis is a major disease that can result in significant yield losses in strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa Duchesne). For preventing PM, pesticides are usually applied in strawberry. In this study, molecular markers were developed to increase breeding efficiency of PM-resistance cultivars by marker-assisted selection (MAS). An $F_2$ population derived from a cross between PM-resistance 'Seolhyang' and PM-susceptibility 'Akihime' was evaluated for disease resistance to PM and RAPD (random amplification of polymorphic DNA)-BSA (bulked segregant analysis). Among 200 RAPD primers tested, OPE10 primer amplified a 311bp-band present in with 331bp. Sequence alignment performed for searching polymorphisms and six single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were found in amplified regions. To develop polymorphic marker for distinguishing between resistant and susceptible, RAPD was converted to cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker. Among restriction enzymes associated with six SNPs, Eae I (Y/GGCCR) was successfully digested to 231bp in susceptible. The results suggest that the selected CAPS marker could be used for increasing efficiency of selecting powdery mildew resistant strawberry in breeding system.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.437-443
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• 2009

In this study, we used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to evaluate the genetic relationships among 29 grapevine cultivars (Vitis spp.). Sixty selective primers detected a total of 558 polymorphic bands. By UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average) cluster analysis with 558 polymorphic bands, the 29 grapevine cultivars were divided into six major groups at 58.8% genetic similarity. The "Super Hamburg" was clustered in group I. Group II consisted of "Wonkyo RA-23", "Muscat Hamburg", "Tano Red", and "Tankeumchu". Group III consisted of "Alden", "Wonkyo RA -21", "Wonkyo RA-30", and "Dutchess". Group IV included 14 grapevine cultivars ("Heukgoosul", "Heukbosuk", "Suok", "Wonkyo RA-29", "Wonkyo RA-22", "Kyoho", "Pione", "Beniizu", "Golden Muscat", "Jinok", "Doonuri", "Campbell Early", "Delaware", and "Schuyler"). Group V consisted of "Hongdan", "Tamnara", "Hongisul", and "Himrod seedless". Group VI included 2 cultivars ("Cheongsoo", and "S. 9110").

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.152-157
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• 2019

Porphyra yezoensis is a red algal species in the genus Porphyra. The phenetics and genetic diversity of four populations of P. yezoensis in Korea were reconstructed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Overall, 55 fragments were generated among the tested P. yezoensis array with 20 OPERON primers. A total of 30(54.5%) of these bands were polymorphic. The OPA-18-02 band was amplified in the samples of Nakdong population and absent in them of other three populations. The OPA-20-02 band was only amplified in the Seocheon population. Both bands exhibited distinctive patterns in specific populations. The effective number of alleles per locus (Ae) ranged from 1.161 to 1.293 with a mean of 1.366. The Seocheon population had a high expected diversity (0.163). The Nakdong population was an isolated endemic and intertidal zone. Thus the narrow distributed Nakdong population had a low expected diversity (0.092). Shannon's index of phenotypic diversity (I) of the Seocheon population (0.238) was the highest among all populations. Total genetic diversity ($H_T$) varied between 0.132 for OPA-02 and 0.420 for OPA-19. The interlocus variation of genetic diversity ($H_S$) was 0.059 for OPA-18 and 0.339 for OPA-19. On a per locus basis, the proportion of total genetic variation due to differences among populations ($G_{ST}$) ranged from 0.012 for OPA-11 to 0.762 for OPA-18 with a mean of 0.415, indicating that 42% of the total variation was found among these populations. In an assessment of the proportion of diversity present within this species, 58.5% (100%-41.5%) of genetic variation resided within the populations studied. The Nm was estimated to be low (0.705).

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.639-647
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to clone and compare the molecular characteristics of the deiodinase 2 (DIO2) gene between Sichuan White geese and Landes geese, and to analyze the association between polymorphisms of the DIO2 gene and head dimensions in Tianfu meat geese. Methods: The coding sequence of the DIO2 gene was cloned by polymerase chain reaction and vector ligation and aligned by DNAMAN software. A total of 350 Tianfu meat geese were used to genotype the polymorphisms of the DIO2 gene and measure the head dimensions. Association analysis between the polymorphisms of the DIO2 gene and head dimensions was carried out. Results: An 840-bp coding sequence of the DIO2 gene was obtained and comparison analysis identified four polymorphic loci between Sichuan White geese and Landes geese. Further analysis showed that the dominant alleles for the four polymorphic loci were G, G, A, and T and the frequency of the heterozygous genotype was higher than that of the homozygous genotype in Tianfu meat geese. Compared to that in the population of non-knob geese of Tianfu meat geese, the head dimensions in the population of knob geese were significantly higher except for nostril height. However, in the non-knob geese, beak width 1, beak width 2, nostril length, cranial width 1, and maxillary length had significant differences among different genotypes or haplotypes/diplotypes. Conclusion: These results suggested that polymorphisms of the DIO2 gene could be considered molecular markers to select larger heads of geese in the population of non-knob geese.