• Title/Summary/Keyword: political procedure-

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Party Nomination System in the Local Government Elections (기초지방선거 정당공천 개선방안)

  • Gum, Chang Ho;Choi, Young-Chool;Park, Jong Gwan
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.13 no.10
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    • pp.278-289
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    • 2013
  • In the democratic country, it is the very natural principle that political party makes the candidate. In spite of that the nomination of political party abolition issue is not in the local election the problem of is being easily solved. Therefore, the recent argument about the nomination of political party of the basic local election and overseas case were organized and the reasonable alternative was sought for. As to the argument related to the nomination of political party, the discussion in which the groping of the waste paper or new alternative is needed stops so that the existing politicians can overcome the nomination of political party evil in spite of the opposition position. In the positive investigation, the populations which are many in the waste paper of the system of public nomination by party agree. However, the bad effect that can be shown up according to the waste paper of the nomination of political party is the woman allocation door. Therefore, some alternatives were presented in the bad effect that can be shown up according to the waste paper of the nomination of political party. This alternative is the participation subject expansion, the introduction of political party claim to support, the introduction of local political party system, the application of upward official nomination procedure, and etc. The participation subject expansion presented logically as the optimum alternative among this method, the decision of the alternative should be confirmed through the social agreement procedure.

A Study on the Dispute Settlement Procedure for the Preferential Rules of Origin

  • Yi, Ji-Soo
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.3-26
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    • 2016
  • The preferential Rules of Origin (RoO) govern tariff preferences that are given in accordance with the FTA. However, relatively few studies have been devoted to the procedures in settling disputes that are relevant to RoO under the FTA. This study is a first attempt at analyzing the applicability and the potential improvement in dispute settlement procedures in FTAs targeted at the preferential RoO. By exploring three dispute cases involving the preferential RoO, it is suggested that restrictiveness, complexity, and uncertainty that are inherent in the preferential RoO may trigger political tension and dispute. Forming a panel that is capable of mitigating political tension, facilitating participation and early cooperation of experts and stakeholders, and establishing a well-structured enforcement procedure are essential in dispute settlement procedures to resolve disputes involving cases on RoO. Furthermore, the current dispute settlement procedure that hinders the private sector's access should be changed to one that is more open to private sector entities, such as companies, to facilitate the enforcement of the decision. Given that more improved FTA dispute settlement procedure may guarantee the enforcement and application of the FTA preferential treatment in relation with more politically powerful states and foster genuine free trades, more in-depth studies must be conducted on this topic.

Political Economy of Immigration and Fiscal Sustainability

  • HUR, JINWOOK
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.1-47
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    • 2022
  • This paper introduces a politico-economic model with a welfare state and immigration. In this model, policies on taxes and immigration are determined through a plurality voting system. While many studies of fiscal implications of immigration argue that relaxing immigration policies can substitute for tax reforms in an aging economy, I show that the democratic voting procedure can dampen the effect of relaxing immigration policies as desired policy reforms are not always implemented by the winner of an election. This political economy results in three types of social welfare losses. First, the skill composition is not balanced at a socially efficient level because workers are motivated to maximize their wages. Second, older retirees implement excessive taxes to maximize the size of the welfare state. Third, the volume of immigration is lower than the optimal level given the incentive by young workers to regain political power in the future.

A Study on the Dispute Resolution of MIGA in the Investment Guarantee for Developing Countries (개발도상국 투자에서 MIGA의 분쟁해결제도에 관한 고찰)

  • Yu, Byoung Yook
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.60
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    • pp.79-106
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    • 2013
  • The world is significant increasing investment volume into developing countries from foreign investors. Foreign financial capital is searching in interesting place among the emerging market. However foreign investors put still their experience in the economical and social crisis with political risks in the host countries. MIGA entered into the political risks insurance market which has one of the basic matter of sponsored the private investment guarantee programs. They put guarantee or covering risks of currency inconvertibility, expropriation, breach of contract and political violence. In the case contracts of guarantee concluded between investor and MIGA which are disputes in relation to such MIGA service contract, it should be settled by negotiation, conciliation and arbitration under the convention establishing the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency(MIGA). All disputes within the scope to states and investor of MIGA members shall be settled in accordance with the procedure set out in the convention. Recently, MIGA is opening the office in Seoul to strengthen joint efforts between MIGA and Korea. It will be a good chance to consider sustainable improvement and dispute solutions for emerging countries in foreign investment to the korean investors.

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Political Rationality of Natural Resources Policy - Analysis of Residents Gratification - (자연자원정책의 정치적 합리성에 관한 연구 : 주민 만족도를 적용하여)

  • Park Yong-Gil
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.13 no.10
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    • pp.855-861
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    • 2004
  • This study analysed the influencing factors involved in deciding the policy through the analysis of procedure in the policy on the natural resources in local governments. To evaluate the political consensus of decision making in policy determination as political rationality in natural resources policy, we analyzed the degree of the satisfaction from the residents. Among the analysis factors of the satisfaction of natural resources policy, the most significant independent factors were the goal and the method of the policy, the institutional conditions and interested groups, the appropriateness of the content of decision making, supervising and controlling, cooperating relations, the effect of policy, and the consistency. From the analysis of the effect and the goal of policy, we found $70.5\%$ of residents was against the policy and only $27.8\%$ consented. Considering the appropriateness of supervising and controlling in accordance with the process of the policy decision and its execution, the influence of local governments and institutions concerned enjoying comparatively more economic benefits was strong, however, the involvement of the residents and supervising and monitoring institutions were found negligible.

Risk and Opportunity of Interest Conflict Settlement : Introduction of Consumer Collective Lawsuit (Verbandsklage) (이해관계 갈등조정의 위기와 기회 - 소비자단체소송제도의 도입 -)

  • Min, Hyeon-Seon;Jang, Ju-Seong
    • 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.39-44
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    • 2006
  • The purport of this paper is to deduce political implication and significance of the proposed redress scheme of 'Consumer Collective Lawsuit (hereinunder "CCL")' under way to be introduced by the Korean government via various assessments per each phase of policy implementation process. To this end, the paper classifies the subject policy (referring to CCL) implementation process into 4 phases: policy origination, policy enactment, policy advertisement, and policy execution. Based on the said classification, assessments per each phase together with pros and cons analysis have been conducted. Through the aforementioned analysis, the paper concludes the following political implication and significance of CCL under way of introduction: - 1. In the case of policy origination led by external parties, a social consensus by and from involved parties with various interests is the most critical; 2. Prior feasibility and/or suitability study is also crucial in the policy implementation procedure; 3. To mitigate inter-ministerial conflicts that might arise from the due policy making procedure, democratization of conflict settlement mechanism, and institutionalization of participation in and disclosure of policy making process are cal led upon; and 4. Prior planning wi th respect to the public relation and advertisements of the subject policy on the table poses substantial significance.

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A Study on the Western European Regionalism since 1970's (서유럽의 지역주의론에 관한 고찰)

  • Ahn, Young-Jin;Park, Young-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.57-74
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    • 1998
  • The essay examines the development and characteristics of regionalism as new social-political conflicts in Western Europe since 1970's and explores theoretical approaches of regionalism in terms of modemization theory of social sciences. There are various types of regionalistic movements: separatism, regional equity development, federalism, autonomy, nationalism, and so on. These different orientations have already shown serious problems, theoretical and conceptional, conceming the analysis of regionalism. But in conceptualizing this phenomenon, five competitive theses could be distinguished: persistence thesis, differentiation thesis, political procedure thesis, convergence thesis, and counter-differentiation thesis. Although the heuristic theses are still elaborated on the base of empirical studies and actual data, they indicate that each thesis ontologises the region as one of the key concepts explaining regionalism very differently.

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Predicting Major Political Parties' Number of Seats in General Election: The Case of 2004 General Election of Korea (국회의원 선거에서의 주요정당 의석 수 예측)

  • Huh, Myung-Hoe
    • Survey Research
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.87-100
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    • 2008
  • We calculated the predictive interval for the number of seats belonging to major political parties in the case of the 2004 General Election of Korea, using Bayesian frame of inference. Moreover, we proposed the adjustment procedure for correcting the minor group's propensity of refusal or nonresponse due to effect of the spiral of silence.

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The Study on the Nature of the Welfare State under the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun Regime: Focusing on Civic Participation in the Policy Decision Making Procedure for the National Health Insurance (김대중·노무현 정부 복지국가 성격에 관한 연구 : 국민건강보험 정책결정과정에서의 시민참여를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Su yun
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.31-54
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    • 2011
  • This study investigates the nature of the welfare state under the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun regime focusing on participatory democracy in the policy decision making procedure for the National Health Insurance. Participatory democracy was introduced not for the qualitative development of Korean democracy but for securing political legitimacy to change the Korean economic structure after the IMF financial crisis. Although participatory democracy played the positive role in winning higher benefit level in National Health Insurance. an index for the development of the welfare state, in 2007 A policy of higher benefit level ended in failure because of the pursuit of the neoliberal ideology, lack of government's responsibility for public finance, and thwarting policy holders' substantial participation in the decision-making process. Like those of past welfare systems, participatory democracy under the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun regime was introduced for securing political legitimacy. But it was managed under restrictions imposed by pro-economic-growth ideology. Nevertheless, the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun governments are different from the former welfare states because of the fact that participatory democracy system is not 'service' system but 'political structure' and the fact that the grant of powers by participatory democracy played positive roles in the development of welfare state through request of higher benefit level policy.

Environmental Impact Assessment and Mediation (독일에서의 환경영향평가와 분쟁조정)

  • Schafer, Bettina
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.41-47
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    • 1993
  • During the last years it became more and more difficult to deal with environmental conflicts using traditional political instruments in industrialized countries. One reason for the occurring problems might be the citizens' awareness of scarceness of nature. Another reason might be the changing legislation with the introduction of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) as an integral part of a project's licensing procedure. The EIA offers new possibilities for citizens to interfere in decision processes and to obstruct projects. The changing situation requires new instruments for conflict solving. Mediation may be considered an alternative or completion to the traditional political instruments. It is a systematic strategy for conflict treatment and. with the support of an independent mediator, allows to reach an agreement among all parties involved. Mediation may be introduced in the EIA One possibility offers the scoping date, which, if the participation of the public is assured, might avoid heavy disputes in the further process. Another connection between the instrument of mediation and the EIA could be the use of the environmental impact study (EIS) as information background for a mediation process. EIA would then be source of information about all environmental aspects. Thus the role of EIA would be extended to being a part of conflict analysis in the alternative dispute resolution process.

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