• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.134-137
• /
• 2002

자두 후무사(포마사)와 대석조생 품종의 일반성분 및 이화학적 성분을 조사하였다. 일반성분으로 후무사와 대석조생의 조지방과 가용성무질소물은 약간의 차이가 있었고 수분, 조단백, 조섬유와 조회분은 비슷하게 나타났다. 식이섬유의 함량은 품종간에 차이를 보이지 않았고, 가용성과 불용성 식이섬유의 비율이 유사한 것으로 확인되었다. 자두의 무기질 총 함량은 후무사가 30 mg%, 대석조생이 17.99 mg%로 후무사가 조금 많았고, 주된 무기질은 황(5), 칼륨(K), 마그네슘(Mg) 순이었다. 유리당 중 후무사는 fructose의 함량이 높았고, 대석조생이 sucrose의 함량이 가장 높았다. 유기산의 총함량은 대석조생이 높았으며, 과육에 있어서 주된 유기산은 malic acid였고, 과피에 있어서는 후무사는 citric acid, 대석조생종은 malic acid가 주된 유기산이었다. 유리아미노산은 두 품종 모두, glutamic acid, alanine, ${\gamma}-aminoisobutyric$ acid, serine의 순으로 높은 함량을 보였으며, 총 아미노산 함량은 두 품종이 비슷하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.660-670
• /
• 2014

The Korean plum yew (Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai) is a shade-tolerant, coniferous shrub. The seeds have been used as a folk medicine in Korea, and an alkaloid extract (HTT) is known to have anticancer properties. We estimated the genetic diversity of 429 trees in 16 populations in South Korea using 194 polymorphic amplicons from seven combinations of AFLP primer-restriction enzymes. The average number of effective alleles and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 1.37 and 79.4%, respectively. Shannon's diversity index and the expected heterozygosity were 0.344 and 0.244, respectively. We divided 16 populations into four groups on the UPGMA dendrogram and the PCA biplot. The first two principal components explained 84% of the total genetic variation. Genetic differentiation between populations explained 14% of total genetic variation, and the remaining 86% came from difference between individuals within populations, as determined by an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). However, the genetic differentiation did not correlate with the geographic distance between populations from the Mantel test. The Bayesian statistics, which are comparable to Wright's $F_{ST}$ and Nei's $G_{ST}$, were ${\theta}^I=0.406$ and ${\theta}^{II}=0.172$, respectively. The population genetic diversity was slightly lower, and the strength of genetic differentiation was much weaker, than the average of those plants having similar life histories, as assessed using arbitrary marker systems. We discuss strategies for the genetic conservation of the plum yew in Korea.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the cholesterol and Triglyceride (TG) lowering and anti-obesity effects of water extract of vegetable formula (onion 25%, carrot 20%, Cabbage 20%, Sweet Pumpkins 20%, Chinese plum 5%, turmeric 5%, morus leaves 5%, SLS) in mice fed high fat-diet. ICR mice were divided into 3 groups; a normal diet group (ND), a high-fat diet group (HFD), a high-fat diet and SLS with 300 mg/kg treated group (HFD+SLS). Body fat gain was increased by high-fat diet and HFD+SLS group showed a definite weight loss. The total cholesterol level in the HFD+SLS group was 328.4 mg/dl which was 27.4% lower than that in the HFD group and the cholesterol-lowering effect of SLS was confirmed. The HFD + SLS group showed 118.1 mg/dl and the triglyceride level in the serum was decreased by 88.7% compared to the HFD group and SLS significantly decreased blood triglyceride levels. RT-PCR showed that the expression of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and the target gene SCD-1 was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in the SLS-treated group. These results suggest that the SLS water extract may have a cholesterol and triglyceride-lowering effect and inhibit the expression of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and SCD-1 to have an anti-obesity effect.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.117-130
• /
• 2015

Objectives: Banhahoobak-tang has been used to treat plum-pit qi, chest and hypochondriac distension, moist or greasy tongue coat, and wiry slow or wiry slippery pulse. It might be used to control coughing and vomiting. We observed that Banhahoobak-tang extract (BHTe) had anti-psychological stress effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of BHTe on restoring the transcriptional regulation of genes related to psychological stress. Methods: After giving psychological stress to mice, BHTe was orally administered at 100 mg/kg/day for five days. After extracting whole brain tissue from the mice, the gene expression changes were determined by microarray. Transcription factor binding site (TFBS) analysis showed up- and down-regulated genes related to psychological stress were protected by BHTe and segregated according to the structure of TFBS. We performed text based Pubmed search to select significant target genes involved in psychological stress affected by BHTe. Results: 1. Serum corticosterone level was decreased in the BHTe administered group, although the psychological stress was increased. 2. The BHTe administered group had no significant change in noradrenaline content in brain tissue, but the psychological stress group had decreased level. 3. The BHTe administered group had increased time of staying at open-arm than the psychological stress group. 4. Microarray revealed that TANK and RARA genes were up-regulated genes while AES, CDC42, FOS, NCL, and PVR were down-regulated genes by psychological stress but restored by BHTe.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2012

국내산 고추를 이용하여 미국인의 입맛에 맞는 고부가가치 액상 소스를 개발하기 위해 고추 케찹을 제조하였다. 국내산 고추 케찹은 토마토 페이스트(37.5%), 설탕(14.8%), 식초(14.1%), 고추 퓨레와 고춧가루(14.1%)를 주성분으로 하였고, 그 외 허브류, 올리고당, 매실엑기스, 청주, 레몬즙 등을 첨가하여 제조하였다. 고추 케찹의 이화학적 성분 분석 결과, 수분함량 $59.61{\pm}0.28%$, 조단백 함량 $2.18{\pm}0.11%$, 조지방 함량 $1.99{\pm}0.04%$, 조회분 함량 $9.26{\pm}0.13%$, 조탄수화물 함량 $26.97{\pm}0.48%$, 환원당 함량 $35.19{\pm}0.97%$, 염도 $3.04{\pm}0.04%$, 산도 $2.22{\pm}0.01%$, pH $3.7{\pm}0.01$, 당도 $36.3{\pm}0.14\;^{\circ}brix$로 미국산 경쟁 제품보다 조탄수화물, 환원당 함량은 높았고, 회분함량, 산도, 염도는 낮았다. 외국인을 대상으로 한 관능검사 결과, 국내산 고추 케찹은 미국의 유명 케찹 회사의 제품보다 단맛과 짠맛이 약하고, 매운맛은 비슷하다고 평가되었다. 기호도 조사에서는 국내산 고추 케찹이 미국 고추 케찹보다 높은 기호도를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 고추 케찹은 외국인의 입맛에 적합한 것으로 나타나, 해외 시장에 적극적으로 대처할 수 있을 것으로 보이고, 국내산 고추의 새로운 가공식품으로 서의 가치가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.257-263
• /
• 2012

국내산 고추를 이용하여 고부가가치 액상 소스를 개발하기 위해 관능검사를 통하여 핫소스를 개발하고자 하였다. 미국 시판 핫소스 43종에 사용된 구성 재료 및 특징을 조사한 결과 시판 핫소스의 주원료는 고추, 소금, 식초이었고 이외에 마늘, 양파, 설탕, 검류 등이 많이 사용되었다. 국내산 핫소스는 시판 핫소스의 특성 분석 결과와 관능검사 결과를 참고하여 토마토(29.2%), 양파(18.2%), 설탕(11.5%), 식초(10.9%), 생고추와 고춧가루(11.0%)를 주성분으로 하였고 변성전분(4%)으로 점도를 조절하였다. 개발한 핫소스의 이화학적 성분 분석결과 염도 $3.04{\pm}0.04%$, 산도 $2.22{\pm}0.01%$, pH $3.7{\pm}0.01$, 당도 $36.3{\pm}0.14^{\circ}brix$으로 미국산 경쟁 제품보다 산도, 염도, 당도가 더 높았고 관능검사 결과 5.4점으로 매우 우수한 기호도를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 핫소스는 국내산 고추의 새로운 가공식품으로서의 가치가 있으며 국내용 뿐만 아니라 수출용 제품으로도 제조하여 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.512-517
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 시중 유통 중인 과일 및 채소류 총 29종을 수집하여 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 및 총 페놀함량 분석을 통하여 천연물의 항산화 효과를 비교하고, $Lp-PLA_2$ 활성 분석을 통해 저해 효과를 조사하여 천연 항산화제 및 관상동맥질환의 저해능에 대해 연구하고자 하고자 하였다. 총 페놀 함량 분석 결과, 과일류에서는 자두가 1.06 mg GAE/g fresh weight로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었고, 바나나가 0.07 mg GAE/g fresh weight로 가장 낮은 함량을 보였다. 채소류의 경우 총 페놀 함량이 가장 낮은 시료는 당근과 오이로써 0.07 mg GAE/100 g의 동일한 수치로 측정되었고, 총 페놀 함량이 가장 높게 나타난 생강은 0.70 mg GAE/100 g으로 당근과 오이에 비하여 10배 정도 높은 함량을 보였다. 한편, 과일류 에탄올 추출물의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 분석 결과를 살펴보면, 애플망고 추출물의 RSC 값(%)이 92.8%로 측정되어 가장 우수한 라디칼 소거 활성을 나타내었고, 채소류에서는 파프리카, 비트잎 그리고 생강의 RSC 값(%)이 각각 75.4, 75.3 및 55.0%로 비교적 높은 라디칼 소거 활성을 보인 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 과일 및 채소류 에탄올 추출물의 $Lp-PLA_2$ 활성(inhibition%)을 연구한 결과, 과일류 에탄올 추출물 중 체리가 34.95 inhibition%로 가장 높게 나타났고, 채소 추출물 중 쑥갓이 26.53 inhibition%로 가장 높게 측정되었다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.40-48
• /
• 2010

Objectives The purpose of this study is to get the basic information about the actual amount of consumption of the Health supplements and Herbal Medicines. Also, we investigated the consumption differences according to the regions. Methods 500 questionnaires were handed out to parents of elementary students in O O, Gyeonggi-do province, and 331 questionnaires were collected and evaluated for this study. Results Among the 331 students, 58.4% were female, and 41.6% were male. The percentages of the subjects consuming health supplements and herbal medicines were 67.4% and 59.2% respectively. The maximum period of taking the health supplements were from 1 month to 6 month (49.5%), and the maximum period of taking the herbal medicine was within one month (55.6%). The total cost of the health supplements was less than 100,000won (43.7%), which was the most common while herbal medicine cost was between 100,000won and 200,000won (40.6%). The most common age of consuming the health supplements and herbal medicine for the first time was six to ten years old (47.3%); the case of herbal medicine was one to six years old (64.0%). Most of people purchased health supplements from pharmacy (48.0%), and purchased the herbal medicine from the oriental medical clinic (61.8%). Among those people who purchased health supplements, they bought nutritional supplements (82.8%), red ginseng or ginseng products (43.4%), plum extract products (10.9%), and chlorella products (6.8%). The reason for consuming health supplements was to be healthier even though there is no ongoing illness (47.1%), which was the most common reason. The reason for consuming herbal medicine was to cure weakness (39.3%). For the responses about effectiveness after taking medications, people thought herbal medicine seemed to be more effective compare to health supplements (72.3%, 63% respectively). Only 1.4% of the subjects consuming the health supplements showed adverse effects while herbal medicine showed 4.6%. The most common adverse effects were 'general reaction' caused by the health supplements and dermatologic problems caused by the herbal medications. Conclusions Among 331 subjects, the percentage of consuming the health supplements (67.4%) was higher than the Herbal Medicine (59.2%). The total consuming cost of the herbal medications was higher than general health supplements. Also, the maximum period of consuming the health supplements was longer than herbal medications. Therefore, it is shown that herbal medications have no price competitiveness compare to health supplements. The age of using the herbal medicine for the first time was younger than the health supplements. Even though many people can purchase both health supplements and herbal medication from pharmacies and local oriental medical clinic, it is also shown that some people thought that the health supplements should be purchased from oriental medical hospital (13.9%). The most commonly taken forms of the health supplement was nutrition-supplying products, and the second common health supplements were ginseng and red ginseng. The health supplements were commonly consumed for preventing illness and for maintaining healthy life rather than for cure diseases. On the other hand, the herbal medicine was more commonly consumed to be taller or to treat diseases. More than half of the entire people replied as 'satisfied' for their purchase. Some adverse effects and general reaction were common with the subjects consuming health supplements while dermatological adverse reaction was common with the subjects consuming herbal medications.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.143-153
• /
• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to get the basic information from patients how much they understood about their medication and also to know whether patients are making reasonable drug choice between Health Functional Foods and Herbal medicine. Methods 500 questionnaires were handed out to the parents of students in two elementary schools located in OO, Junlabukdo province. 421 questionnaires were completed to be evaluated. Results Among 421 subjects, 53.0% were female, and 47.0% were male. The percentages of the subjects consuming Health Functional Foods and herbal medicine were67.7% and 67.8%, respectively. Among those people who consumed Health Functional Food, 44.1% were using nutritional supplements, red ginseng or ginseng products (26.9%), chlorella products (11.5%), and plum extract products (7.7%). As for the reason to consume Health Functional Foods were varied, but 'in order to be healthy, although currently displaying no illness.'(43.0%) were the most responses among the given choices. On the other hand, the reason for consuming herbal medicine was 'In order to grow taller'(26.1%), 'In order to cure weak physical state frequently displaying common illnesses',(25.9%), and 'In order to cure diseases.'(23.3%). For the questions about effectiveness after consumption,the 69.9% subjects said that it seemed to be effected, and that % was slightly higher than that of subjects with consuming Health Functional Foods(64.4%). For question concerning preferences between Health Functional Foods and herbal medicine, 57.5% chose herbal medicine, and this percentage was higher than that of Health Functional Foods(42.5%).As for the reasons of additional consumption of the Health Functional Foods, subject answered as 'Easy to consume.'(41,6%), which was the most common among the subjects consuming Health Functional Foods. On other hand, the subjects of herbal medicine answered as that herbal medicine is 'more effective'(45.7%), and 'more trustworthy in preventing side-effects.'(40.3%). After consumption of the herbal medication, only 3.9% of the subjects consuming either Health Functional Foods or herbal medicine had side-effects. The most common side-effects were 'dermal reaction' which is normally caused by Health Functional Foods and 'indigestion' problems caused by herbal consumption. Conclusions According to the 421 subjects those involved in study, the percentages of consuming Health Functional Foods(67.7%) and herbal medicine(67.8%) were similar. The most commonly consumed products were a type of Health Functional Foods which were the nutrition-supplying products. Ginseng or red ginseng products were the next commonly used products. Health Functional Foods were commonly consumed for preventing illness and maintaining health rather than any other purpose. In contrary, herbal medicines were more commonly consumed for purposes such as for growth or treating certain type of disease. As a result of consumption, more than half of both subject replied as 'satisfied'. As for the side effects, dermal reaction was the most common problem for those with consuming Health Functional Foods, while indigestion was the most common side effect from the subjects with consuming herbal medicine.