• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.704-714
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• 2008

Purpose: This study explored the feasibility of a 12 week self-efficacy based exercise intervention for overweight and obese college students. Method: A repeated measure, 4-group randomized controlled design was used. Students were recruited from two universities. in Seoul. Korea using: (1) flyers either on the campus bulletin boards or in campus restrooms: (2) advertisement on campus e-board: and (3) self-referral. Inclusion criteria were: (1) Korean college students aged 18 to 29: (2) BMI >23: (3) viscerally obese: and (4) accessible to a phone and a computer. Participants completed three self-reported questionnaires: socio-demographic questionnaire (at the baseline), Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week), and Physical Fitness sub-subscale (at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week). Additionally. physiological data (height, weight, blood pressure) were collected at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week. Descriptive statistics and a two-way mixed ANOVA were performed using SPSS12.0. Results: No significant group difference was observed. However. students with increased exercise self-efficacy during the program showed better physical fitness in the $12^{th}$ week. When students' physical fitness was enhanced. the physiological factors were improved. Conclusions: Self-efficacy based exercise intervention may be applicable and acceptable to the college students. It is necessary to conduct a replicated study with a larger sample and an elongated intervention period.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among distress from drinking, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy and outcome expectancy in youths. Method: The participants in this study were 174 university students who were enrolled by convenience sampling. The data were collected from March to August, 2005. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients with SPSS 12.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: There were significant differences in the physical distress from drinking according to gender, age, residence, drinking frequency and drinking capacity. There were significant differences in alcohol abstinence self-efficacy by drinking frequency and drinking capacity. There were significant differences in drinking outcome expectancy according to gender, drinking frequency and drinking capacity. The physical distress from drinking showed a significant positive correlation with alcohol abstinence self-efficacy (r=.312, p=.000) and negative correlation with drinking outcome expectancy (r=-.353, p=.000). Alcohol abstinence self-efficacy showed a significant negative correlation with drinking outcome expectancy (r=-.387, p=.000). Conclusion: There were relationships among physical distress from drinking, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, and drinking outcome expectancy. These findings provide the basis to prevent problems of drinking by developing alcohol control program for university students.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.161-165
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• 2007

Cultivation of a biocontrol agent on a certain medium often results in reduced biocontrol efficacy and alters physiological state. In our previous study, Burkholderia gladioli strain B543 with long-term subculture on tryptic soy agar resulted in significantly reduced biocontrol ability against cucumber damping-off caused by P. ultimum. Therefore, we investigated the influence of laboratory culturing media on biocontrol activity and physiological state of Burkholderia gladioli strain B543 by using long-term repeated culture on a certain medium. When isolate B543 were successionally cultured on King's B agar (KBA), tryptic soy agar, nutrient agar (NA), or soil extract agar more than 20 times, the isolate cultured on KBA or NA showed a significantly enhanced biocontrol efficacy and higher population density in the rhizosphere of cucumber compared to that of the others. However, the isolates cultured on KBA more than 20 times showed the lowest production of protease, siderophore, or antifungal substance(s), measured by skim milk agar, Chrome-Azurol-S agar, and potato dextrose agar amended with 10% of the culture filtrate, respectively. Our results suggest that adaptation to proper culturing medium can alter biocontrol ability and physiological state, and we must consider laboratory media in optimizing the use of biocontrol agents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.74-86
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive self-management program promoting self efficacy for Type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: The study was a methodological research design in which previous related research was reviewed to develop the comprehensive self-management program promoting self efficacy using self efficacy theory. Results: Comprehensive self-management programs promoting self efficacy included the whole range of eight self-management domains: diet, exercise, medication, self-testing of blood glucose, complication or foot, stress, time, and general health, and consisted of four sources of self efficacy: enactive mastery experience, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states, as strategies to promote self efficacy. Developmental methods included, in addition to large and small group education, individual education or counseling, and telephone counseling. Conclusion: Further studies are needed in community health centers or hospitals to establish the effects on self-management compliance and glycemic control of the comprehensive self-management program promoting self efficacy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.148-148
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• 2003

The cynomolgus monkey(Macaca fascicularis) is used widely in efficacy and safety assessment of new drugs. The ranges of physiological variables are important end points in the toxicological study. Both the basic physiological variables such as body weight, body temperature, blood pressure, urine pH and blood variables such as biochemical and hematological variables were determined in nineteen male and sixteen female monkey prior to treatment.(omitted)

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of uncertainty, physiological risk factors, self-efficacy, and self-management among stroke patients and to identify factors influencing their self-management. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used for this study. A convenience sample of 149 patients with stroke were enrolled at C national university hospital from February to April in 2016. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and electronic medical record. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: There were significant negative correlations between uncertainty and self-efficacy (r=-.56, p<.001); between uncertainty and self-management (r=-.56, p<.001); and between total cholesterol and self-management (r=-.23, p=.005). There were significant positive correlations between self-efficacy and self-management (r=.78, p<.001); between uncertainty and total cholesterol (r=.24, p=.003). The significant factors influencing self-management were uncertainty and self-efficacy. Theses variables explained 62.7% of the variance in self-management. Conclusion: The results suggest that intervention programs to reduce the level of uncertainty and to increase the level of self-efficacy among patients would improve the self-management of stroke patients.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.22-25
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• 2010

Hyangsapyeongwi-san has been used for various gastrointestinal diseases in Oriental medicine. Nevertheless, there is little known to scientific evidence for its efficacy and mechanism. This study was aimed to investigate effects of Hyangsapyeongwi-san in gastrointestinal diseases through the analysis of articles. A total of 15 articles were selected from PubMed, KTKP, and Weipu. The selected articles were analyzed according to three aspects of study types, target diseases and its efficacy, and results of clinical studies. Hyangsapyeongwi-san has positive effects in gastrointestinal disorders, such as prevent gastric mucosal injury, improve hyperacidity and dyspepsia, protect oxidative damage, and antitumor effects and enhance both cellular and humoral immunity. However, it proved insufficient to confirm its efficacy owing to lack of clinical studies of high quality. So, we need well designed studies to verify clinical efficacy of Hyangsapyeongwi-san hereafter.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.53-72
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• 1996

The Purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of fatigue and the relationship between fatigue and related factors in patients on hemodialysis. This study was a survey study using a cross-sectional design. The subjects for this study were 101 patients on hemodialysis who were registered in the six hemodialysis clinics among a total of eleven clinics in Seoul. The period of data collection was from February 28, 1995 to May 2, 1995. Data were collected through an interview with a structured packet and the physiological data. The tools used in this study were the Visual Analogue Scale-Fatigue developed by Lee et al(1990) and translated by Lee(1991), the fatigue interview schedule developed by this researcher, Zung's self rating depression scale(Zung, 1965), the self-efficacy scale developed by Sherer et al(1982) and the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire(NSSQ) translated by Oh(1984). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics(mean, standard deviation, frequency, range), Pearson correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows ; 1. Characteristics of Fatigue of hemodialysis patients : 1) 79 of 101 hemodialysis patients complained fatigue. 2) The mean fatigue score as measured by the VAS-F was 36.2mm. 3) The mean duration of fatigue was 2.9 hours 2. Characteristics of fatigue related factors : 1) The physiologic factor which included Hgb, Hct, BUN, creatinine, potassium and interdialytic weight gain deviated from normal range. 2) The psychological factor which included depression and self-efficacy was about the same level as for patients with other chronic diseases. 3) The environmental factor which included social support had wide variation. 3. The relationship between fatigue and related factors : 1) Interdialytic weight gain in the physiologica factor was the only valuable with fatigue （p＜.05） 2) The relationship between fatigue and the psychological factor of depression showed a positive and strong correlation（p＜.05）. According to the findings of this study, fatigue was highly correlated with the depression. This indicates that nurses should try to assess and control psychological factors when patients complain of fatigue rather than just considering physiological factors. Nursing has to develop effective nursing interventions to reduce fatigue in patients with chronic diseases using the relationship between fatigue and physiological, psychological and environmental factors.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.137-143
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• 2010

Hot water extracts of 5 herbs were tested in-vitro for anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasitical effects for possible use against fish diseases. Skullcap, Scutellaria baicalensis, was the most effective herb in these 5. The effects of skullcap in cultured flounder were examined for various physiological responses and bacterial disease-prevention follow as feeding skullcap absorbed diet for 4, 8, 12weeks. There were not any significant effects in physiological responses, except beneficial action of growth promotion. No definitive preventive activity was observed with experimental feeding of the extract against infected flounder. As we could not confirm in-vivo antibacterial effects of skullcap in flounder despite its in-vitro efficacy, further studies are needed to define the in-vivo efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 2011

Purpose: The research was to investigate the effect of stepbox exercise program on both male and female elderly' physiological index such as cardiovascular and to improve exercise efficacy. Methods: The research design was a non-equivalent control group, quasiexperimental study. From 2011-05-10 to 2011-07-26, 3 times a week for 12 weeks, the 43 elderly of health center of D district in G city who participated in the program and pre and post test at the same time were investigated. Results: Statistical significant differences had not been detected in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, pulse showed a statistical significant differences. After test of physiological index, weights of participants showed decreasing tendency. body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, BMI, body fat rate and waist-hip-ratio had also showed statistically significant differences. Conclusion: In conclusion, stepbox exercise program has positive effects on physiological index, blood pressure and pulse. Therefore, dynamic stepbox exercise program is considered to be a helpful intervention to improve comprehensive health conditions by giving the elderly both easy and less-pain exercise and the opportunity to manage their own health.