• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the difference between perceived challenges measured before and after shopping online for fashion products and their effects in leading to flow. An online survey including an online shopping task was conducted with a national sample of 500 adult consumers recruited in the U.S.A. The paired t-test results show that perceived challenge measured before the task is significantly higher than perceived challenge measured after the task. ANOVA results further show that the interaction effect between skill and challenge on flow is significant only when perceived challenge is measured after that task. Implications of the findings and recommendations for further research are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.29-48
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• 1996

Previous studies on user training have largely focused on assessing models which describe the determinants of information technology usage or examined theeffects of training, on user satisfaction, productivity, performance and so on. Scant research efforts have been made, however, to examine those effects of training by using theoretical models. This study presented a conceptural model to predict intention to use information technology and conducted an experimentto understand how training for computer skill acquisition affects primary variables of the model. The data were obtained from 32 student subjects of an experimental group and 31 students of a control group, and the information technology employed for this study was a university's electronic mail system. The study results revealed that attitude toward usage and perceived behavioral control helped to predict user intentions ; outcome expectations were positively related to attitude toward usage ; and self-efficacy was positively related to perceived behavioral control. Thd hands-on training for the experimental group led to increases in perceived ease of use, self-efficacy and perceived behaviroal control. The changes in those variables suggest more causal effects of user training than other survey studies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.88-100
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• 2020

This study explored the impact of perceiving communication and empathy skills of workers in the food service industry on communication satisfaction. This study surveyed 715 customers and workers. First, the result showed that the higher the people thought communication skills of worker were, the higher they felt satisfaction on communication in restaurants for both customers and workers. Workers perceived their communication kills better than customers did. Second, the higher the people thought empathy skills of worker were, the higher they were satisfied on communication in restaurants for both customers and workers. Workers perceived their empathy kills better than customers did. Lastly, multiple regression analysis results showed that communication and empathy skills independently had the impact on communication satisfaction for customers. But only communication skills had the impact on satisfaction amongst workers. Maybe the impact of empathy skill was included with that of communication skills. This indicated that there existed the perceptual difference between customers and laborers about communication satisfaction.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.12-20
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• 2017

This study aims to suggest implications on develop and operate NCS curriculum by analyzing of differences in perception and educational needs of university students, graduates, human resource managers(HR managers) on NCS basic job skill. The respondents of survey are composed of 533 university students in K university, 730 graduates and 106 HR managers. The major findings are as follows: first, the results showed that the importances of all competencies recognized by HR managers was higher than those of university students and graduates. And graduates perceived their level of competencies as higher than those of university students. Second, the needs for self-development skill, technical skill, and problem-solving skill was the highest within the students and graduates, meanwhile, the needs for the mathematical skill, resource management skill, and the organization understanding skill were low. In contrast, the results of this study showed that the HR managers has the high needs for self-development skill, communication skill and problem-solving skill. Also, HR managers has the low needs for mathematical skill, resource management skill, information skill, technical skill, organizational understanding skill, and job ethics. Based on the above results, we proposed the necessity to develop and apply the NCS curriculum considering the education needs recognized by current students, graduates, and HR managers.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.135-152
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• 2000

This study intents to discover the variables impacting consumer's purchase intention through the electronic commerce based on concerning the Flow experience in an environment using computer as a medium and furthermore it is based on a premise that its influence on purchase intention can vary. The following are the synopsis and findings of our analysis. First, analyzing the awareness of perceived risk and level of involvement depending on the level of skill and challenge, which are conceptual structural dimensions, we found that, the higher the level of skill, the lower the awareness of perceived risk, and for challenge, the level of involvement increased. Second, since the sense of perceived risk, level of involvement and purchase intention had a negative influence and were found to have cognizable relationship with one another statistically, this has negative impact on the level of involvement depending on the level of sense of perceived risk in electronic commerce. Third, analyzing the purchase intention depending on the level of involvement, we found out it has a highly positive influence on purchase intention. Furthermore, the level of involvement and purchase intention were found to be closely related to each other.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2005

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between self-disclosure and role conflict in nursing students. Method: The subjects were 386 nursing students who were in college and university. The data were collected from July 26 to September 18, 2004 by the structured questionnaires. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and ANOVA & t-test with SAS package were used. Results: 1. The mean of self-disclosure perceived by nursing students was 3.57(${\pm}$.53), and the mean of role conflict perceived by nursing students was 3.62(${\pm}$.49). If the role conflict was divided into subcategory, deficiency of ability and skill was 3.77(${\pm}$.60), role ambiguity was 3.66(${\pm}$.54), and internal conflict was 3.49(${\pm}$.62). 2. 'Role conflict', 'deficiency of ability and skill', 'role ambiguity' and 'internal conflict' were positively related to 'self-disclosure'. 3. 'Self-disclosure' showed a significant difference according to interpersonal relations, meaning on nursing job and 'role conflict' showed a significant difference according to school career, present grade. Conclusion: this study suggested that there are need to implement self-disclosure training program for nursing student to decrease role conflict.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2003

Many parents recognize the importance of social development during early childhood but they feel difficulty in helping their children develop socially. Recently, many researchers have suggested that maternal cognition is an important factor on their parenting behavior and children's development. Thus, this study attempted to investigate the mother's perception and attribution of parenting efficacy for children's social development. Total 247 mothers of three to five year-old children reported self-questionnaire consisting of Melson, Ladd, & Hsu(l993)'s Perceived Difficulty at Parenting Tasks, Criniic & Greenberg(1990)'s Parenting Daily Hassles and Abdin(1990)'s Parenting Alliance Inventory. Also, 82 of the subject's children were individually tested with McGinnis & Goldstein(1990)'s Skill Situations Measure. The major results were as follows: 1) Mothers' parenting efficacy for children's social development was significantly related with child's age, mother's education and the father's cooperation of parenting. 2) Mothers' perceived parenting efficacy was significantly correlated with some dimension of the child's actual social skill (i.e., maintenance of peer relation). 3) Mothers of young children were more likely to attribute to their children for their parenting efficacy than those of old children. 4) Mothers were more likely attribute to their children than themselves when they perceive parenting difficult. 5) Mothers who perceive parenting easy and attributed it to their children had less parenting stress than those of attributing it to themselves.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.219-229
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to clarify the changes of life skills of elementary school students who practice kumdo. For this, 579 elementary school students were studied, and exploratory factor analysis, reliability test, and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. After that, we conceptualized the life skills of elementary school students who practice kumdo. Based on these results, one-way MANOVA was conducted to analyze the difference in life skills perceived by elementary school students according to sex and career. The results are as follows. First, the elementary school students' life skill developed through the kumdo training showed four factors: personality, social skills, problem solving skills, and health care. Second, there was no gender difference of life skill according to the kumdo training, and there were differences in social skill and health care depending on the experience of kumdo training. In addition, life skill factors influencing daily life satisfaction of elementary school students practicing kumdo were social skills, problem solving skills, and character.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.99-111
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study was to examine the causal effects of the family health of baby boomer parents as a determinant of marital preparation skills of eco-boomer children. Subjects in this study consisted of 475 students born before 1992, and whose parents were born from 1955 to 1963. The programs of SPSSWIN 18.0 and LISREL 8.51 were used for data analysis. The result of this study showed that the financial management skills of saving and consumption were the lowest of marital preparation skills of echo-boomer generation. Besides, baby boomer parents' family health perceived by their children was found to be the determinant of the marital preparation skills of eco-boomers. Particularly, the effect of family health was shown to be high on parental role skill, conflict resolution skill, and parenting preparation skill of marital preparation skills, whereas it was revealed to be relatively low on financial management skill. Findings of this study can be used in developing educational programs of marital preparation skills for eco-boomers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.29-48
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• 1996

Previous studies on user training have largely focused on assessing models which describe the determinants of information technology usage or examined the effects of training on user satisfaction, productivity, performance, and so on. Scant research efforts have been made, however, to examine those effects of training by using theoretical models. This study presented a conceptual model to predict intention to use information technology and conducted an experiment to understand how training for computer skill acquisition affects primary variables of the model. The data were obtained from 32 student subjects of an experimental group and 31 students of a control group, and the information technology employed for this study was a university's electronic mail system. The study results revealed that attitude toward usage and perceived behavioral control helped to predict user intentions; outcome expectations were positively related to attitude toward usage; and self - efficacy and perceived behavioral control. The changes in those variables suggest more causal effects of user training than other survey studies.