• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1868-1875
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• 2016

This paper presents the mega trends of technology and competitiveness analysis results based on patent analysis for establishing effective research and development (R&D) strategy on UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) in the aerial ICT industry. In order to analyze mega trends of UAV technologies, patent analysis is conducted focusing on published/registered patents of Korea, the U.S., Japan, and Europe. We divided the target technologies into 3 main category levels based on the converging technology of UAV and ICT. The 3,433 patents are collected. Patent indicators such as patent activity (PA), cites per patent (CPP), and major market expansion (MME) are extracted for grasping the technology competitiveness and Korea's competitiveness per sub category levels of UAV. We suggest the R&D strategy of each technology areas based on patent analysis results. We analyzed Korea's technology levels, advanced companies' R&D trends, and patent trends through patent information and expected that this paper would be utilized for establishment of R&D strategy of UAV in the future.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.73-98
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• 2019

This study aims to contribute to the improvement of the patent activity of small and medium-sized enterprises in the future by proposing five strategies for enhancing customized patent activity for small and medium-sized enterprises under the assumption that patent application affects firm performance. The subjects of this study were 25 years of active patent activity, using patent activity statistics for 5 years from 2010 and statistical data of business performance based on 2014. The research procedure was conducted in the order of DEA-BCC efficiency analysis, patent activity analysis, and patent portfolio analysis, and then propose a strategy to improve patent activity. As a result of the research, it was confirmed that 5 industries with high patent activity and IRS type have a substantial effect on improving corporate performance as an industry with high patent efficiency. On the other hand, there are 12 industries in the form of IRS/DRS, and 8 industries with low patent activity, DRS, CRS/IRS mixed type and IRS, and that the efficiency of the patent may vary depending on the characteristics of each industry.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.700-721
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• 2012

This paper deals with methods for determining the reasonable royalty rates in the valuation of patents. To calculate the reliable reasonable royalty rate of a patent, we review pros and cons of the 25% rule royalty calculating method and the recent trend of this method. We also review the game theory of Nash Bargaining equation and review the Investment of Rate of Return Method according to the financial analysis. Next, we refer to the reasonable royalty damage cases among the recent patent infringement cases in USA and analyze the corresponding patents. We extract the patent indicators from the patent bibliographic information. Finally, we obtain a regression model for calculating a reasonable royalty rate using the patent indicators and the reasonable royalty rates in the recent patent infringement cases.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the patenting activities related to the fields of AI is increasing worldwide. In particular, a share of patent filed in China has exploded in recent years and overtakes the numbers in the US. In the present study, we focus our attention on the patenting activity of China and the US. We analyzed 6,281 and 13,664 patent applications in the US and China respectively between 2008 and 2018, and belonging to the "G06F(Electric Digital Data Processing)", "G06N(Computer Systems Based on Specific Computational Models)", "H04L(Transmission of Digital Information)" and nine more relevant technological classes, as indicated by the International Patent Classification(IPC). Our analysis contributes to: first, the understanding of patent application trends from foreign countries filed in the US and China, 2) patent application status by applicants category such as companies, universities and individuals, 3) the development direction and forecasting vacant technology of AI according to main IPC code. Through the analysis of this paper, we can suggest some implications for patent research related to artificial intelligence in Korea. Plus, by analyzing the most recent patent data, we can provide important information for future artificial intelligence technology research.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.127-152
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• 2017

China's utility model as a supplement to the invention patent, has short application duration, fast authorized speed, and has the same exclusive rights with patents, so companies can quickly dominate the market. But the utility model does not need to carry out substantive examination, so has lower stability, high frequency of invalid to accepted, so compare with the invention patent, difficult to be protected. In order to actively encourage the small and medium-sized enterprises to promote their inventions, and protect domestic patents, China established a protection policy of patent evaluation report for the utility model rights, especially the patent evaluation report can be used as evidence in a patent infringement trial, to provide judicial remedies for utility model patentee and the party of patent disputes. Many experts believe that the establishment of patent evaluation report system can improve the stability of the utility model patent right, and when the defendant request for invalidation of the patent right in the defense period, if there is no novelty, creativity lost or no other reason has not led to the stability of patent right given in a patent evaluation report of the utility model patents, the court may not suspend the trial, without having to wait for the Patent Reexamination Board makes the patent invalid declaration decisions, can improve the efficiency of the judicial process, accelerate the patentee's time. However, in practical patent infringement, the patent evaluation report system and invalidation system are in conflict. In this paper, through the analysis of the current China utility model system and compared with the South Korean utility model system, review the role and character of the patent evaluation report system, and through the actual cases of the utility model patent infringement litigation, analysis possible variates from the decision of patent evaluation report, to find out the reason of the patent evaluation report system being in conflict with the invalidation system, and research on the effectiveness for protecting Utility Model with China's Patent Evaluation Report.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.147-170
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• 2022

Although the number of patent which is one of the core outputs of technological innovation continues to increase, the number of low-value patents also hugely increased. Therefore, efficient evaluation of patents has become important. Estimation of patent lifespan which represents private value of a patent, has been studied for a long time, but in most cases it relied on a linear model. Even if machine learning methods were used, interpretation or explanation of the relationship between explanatory variables and patent lifespan was insufficient. In this study, patent lifespan (number of renewals) is predicted based on the idea that patent lifespan represents the value of the patent. For the research, 4,033,414 patents applied between 1996 and 2017 and finally granted were collected from USPTO (US Patent and Trademark Office). To predict the patent lifespan, we use variables that can reflect the characteristics of the patent, the patent owner's characteristics, and the inventor's characteristics. We build four different models (Ridge Regression, Random Forest, Feed Forward Neural Network, Gradient Boosting Models) and perform hyperparameter tuning through 5-fold Cross Validation. Then, the performance of the generated models are evaluated, and the relative importance of predictors is also presented. In addition, based on the Gradient Boosting Model which have excellent performance, Accumulated Local Effects Plot is presented to visualize the relationship between predictors and patent lifespan. Finally, we apply Kernal SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to present the evaluation reason of individual patents, and discuss applicability to the patent evaluation system. This study has academic significance in that it cumulatively contributes to the existing patent life estimation research and supplements the limitations of existing patent life estimation studies based on linearity. It is academically meaningful that this study contributes cumulatively to the existing studies which estimate patent lifespan, and that it supplements the limitations of linear models. Also, it is practically meaningful to suggest a method for deriving the evaluation basis for individual patent value and examine the applicability to patent evaluation systems.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.21-37
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• 2013

Recently, as the advent of the knowledge-based society, there are more people getting interested in the intellectual property. Especially, the ICT companies leading the high-tech industry are working hard to strive for systematic management of intellectual property. As we know, the patent information represents the intellectual capital of the company. Also now the quantitative analysis on the continuously accumulated patent information becomes possible. The analysis at various levels becomes also possible by utilizing the patent information, ranging from the patent level to the enterprise level, industrial level and country level. Through the patent information, we can identify the technology status and analyze the impact of the performance. We are also able to find out the flow of the knowledge through the network analysis. By that, we can not only identify the changes in technology, but also predict the direction of the future research. In the field using the network analysis there are two important analyses which utilize the patent citation information; citation indicator analysis utilizing the frequency of the citation and network analysis based on the citation relationships. Furthermore, this study analyzes whether there are any impacts between the size of the company and patent citation relationships. 74 S&P 500 registered companies that provide IT and communication services are selected for this study. In order to determine the relationship of patent citation between the companies, the patent citation in 2009 and 2010 is collected and sociomatrices which show the patent citation relationship between the companies are created. In addition, the companies' total assets are collected as an index of company size. The distance between companies is defined as the absolute value of the difference between the total assets. And simple differences are considered to be described as the hierarchy of the company. The QAP Correlation analysis and MR-QAP analysis is carried out by using the distance and hierarchy between companies, and also the sociomatrices that shows the patent citation in 2009 and 2010. Through the result of QAP Correlation analysis, the patent citation relationship between companies in the 2009's company's patent citation network and the 2010's company's patent citation network shows the highest correlation. In addition, positive correlation is shown in the patent citation relationships between companies and the distance between companies. This is because the patent citation relationship is increased when there is a difference of size between companies. Not only that, negative correlation is found through the analysis using the patent citation relationship between companies and the hierarchy between companies. Relatively it is indicated that there is a high evaluation about the patent of the higher tier companies influenced toward the lower tier companies. MR-QAP analysis is carried out as follow. The sociomatrix that is generated by using the year 2010 patent citation relationship is used as the dependent variable. Additionally the 2009's company's patent citation network and the distance and hierarchy networks between the companies are used as the independent variables. This study performed MR-QAP analysis to find the main factors influencing the patent citation relationship between the companies in 2010. The analysis results show that all independent variables have positively influenced the 2010's patent citation relationship between the companies. In particular, the 2009's patent citation relationship between the companies has the most significant impact on the 2010's, which means that there is consecutiveness regarding the patent citation relationships. Through the result of QAP correlation analysis and MR-QAP analysis, the patent citation relationship between companies is affected by the size of the companies. But the most significant impact is the patent citation relationships that had been done in the past. The reason why we need to maintain the patent citation relationship between companies is it might be important in the use of strategic aspect of the companies to look into relationships to share intellectual property between each other, also seen as an important auxiliary of the partner companies to cooperate with.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.57-91
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• 2012

This paper investigates determinants of litigation success in the two distinctive types of patent litigations, ex-parte and inter-parte cases, which are brought in the process where a filed application becomes a valid patent right. We regress winning rates of patent applicants on the characteristics of firms, trials, patent lawyer, and patent itself, using a probit model with sample selections. The paper finds that the relative suit rate of a firm, time to be sued, changes of patent agents by applicants, and multiple agents among explanatory variables affect ex-parte reexamination and in-parte post-grant patent trials differently in the point of average marginal effects. These variables lower the probability of applicant's victory in the ex-parte cases, while they raise the probability in the inter-parte trials. However, the experience that agents represent applicants is a winning rate-increasing factor both in inter-parte and ex-parte reexamination, unexpectedly. This result cannot be applied to the entire domain of the variable, since sample selection effects are reflected in the result. The number of claim increases the winning probability of the applicant in the both types of patent litigations. This study has some limitations because it ignores the information on the legal person to which a patent agent belongs, and confined agent's experience to patent filing. We leave it future studies to investigate the effects of lawsuit experience of patent agent, and those of characteristics of the law firm to which individual patent lawyer is affiliated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2017

Technology forecasting is predict future trend and state of technology by analyzing the results so far of developing technology. In general, a patent has novel information about the result of developed technology, because the exclusive right of technology included in patent is protected for a time period by patent law. So many studies on the technology forecasting using patent data analysis has been performed. The patent keyword data widely used in patent analysis consist of occurred frequency of the keyword. In most previous researches, the continuous data analyses such as regression or Box-Jenkins Models were applied to the patent keyword data. But, we have to apply the analytical methods of discrete data for patent keyword analysis because the keyword data is discrete. To solve this problem, we propose a patent analysis methodology using Bayesian Poisson discrete model. To verify the performance of our research, we carry out a case study by analyzing the patent documents applied by Apple until now.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.30-37
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• 2012

In this study, we studied solar cell and fuel cell. To estimate the technology competitiveness, we used patent analysis using patent information and delphi method. For patent analysis, PII indicating the impact of patent was used. Also to analysis PII, citations data of registered and published patent were used from 2001 through 2010 in the United States, Japan, South Korea and the European Patent Office. And the delphi method results of the 'International trend analysis on the Green Energy Technology and the establishment of international cooperation models(2009)' were cited to estimate the technology level. According to the analysis results, Korea's patent registration growth rate was fairly high, but the patent impact and technology levels were significantly lower than in the United States, Japan and Germany. Especially in the solar cell, United States's PII is 1.8, but Korea's PII is 0.2. And the technology level of United States is 7 to 8, but Korea's is 5 to 6. Therefore, to improve technology competitiveness, Korea need to enhance the core technology R&D, and set up the consumer-oriented R&D strategy for commercialization from R&D planning phase. In this study, we analysed competitiveness of renewable energy which is not actively discussed. But there are limitations of the study because we used the result of past research and patent data in the past 10 years. Therefore to accurate research the period of patent data should be extended. Finally diverse indicators for measuring the technology competitiveness should be researched and developed.