• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.111-122
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• 2016

This research was performed to investigate mother's influence on their children's dietary life. We surveyed 312 elementary school students and their mothers in kyungpook province, and analyzed the responses using SAS 8.0 statistical program. The results showed that mothers' consuming behavior of processed foods was closely related to their children's dietary life. In detail, mother's preference, eating frequency, positive recognition on processed foods negatively affect on their children's dietary habit and snacking behavior. Also, the children whose mother has higher preference on processed foods showed significantly higher preference on cereals(p<0.05), fast foods(p<0.001), and carbonated beverages(p<0.001). Interestingly, mother's influence was stronger on children's eating frequency than preference of processed foods. The children whose mother has higher preference and eating frequency of processed foods ate significantly less vegetables(p<0.001), milk products(p<0.05), and more cereals(p<0.001), noodles(p<0.001), confectionary(p<0.001), fast foods(p<0.01), carbonated beverages(p<0.01). These results show that mothers' consuming behavior of processed foods significantly influences on their children's dietary life, which suggests the importance of mother's reasonable consuming attitude and behavior on dietary life. To promote children's healthy dietary life, therefore, the education programs for parent and children should be developed and practically used at school.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.64-75
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to verify reliability and validity of SDLRS instrument and to prove up possibility of usage as an evaluation method for evaluating life-long learning. Literature review and survey were used to accomplish objectives of the study. 218 students in department of mechanical engineering of A university at Gyunggi province were responded for SDLRS(Guglielmino, 1977) instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA test. 58 items in original version instrument were converted to 23 items. There were 7 factors for assessing the self-directed learning readiness according to this measurement scale with a total variance of about 58%. The total reliability of the final 23 items was $\alpha$. The final 7 factors consisted of love for learning, openness for learning, self-perception, basic learning function and independence, acceptance of responsibility for learning, leadership and future directivity, and creativity and exploration. The result of SDLRS analysis according to individual background, there were significant statistically in the grade, period of employment in industry, entering graduate school or not, and GPA, but no significant statistically in sexual difference, employment in industry or not, final academic level of parent, and income level of the family. In the future, final instrument will be needed to check in the respect of correlation with another ability and skill influencing on life-long learning, and more study will be done for developing life-long learning.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.275-292
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• 2019

This study was initiated with the attention of demanding new and diverse approaches, we're talking familiar with imitations in the design process like a way to draw a image. So I studied a convergence of humanities and visual arts with the understanding and conceptual approach of the formless. The purpose of this study is to develop formless languages and to organize practical courses which are to enable deeper research and design expression on theoretical approaches and explanations of outcomes required before and after the process when we practice in connection with the formless. The method of this study is to draw detailed items from selected words through advanced researches, work and author researches and practice teaching. The results of the study I proposed the formless language that is related to the horizontality in spatial positioning system, and pulse in the separation of space and time, and entropy in structural orders of the system, and base materialism in the limitation of matter as the operating mechanism and parent item of formless. And those elements are related with shape, size, shading, color, texture, space, structure as visual elements of formative elements and those have various adjectival meanings as the subordinate concept. So I presented an education materials of basic design which is to enable understanding and expressing the formless language in the overall process of formless visual art(theoretical approach, practice course, presentation, etc.). Based on these study results, I hope that this educational materials will be used as educational contents that makes them express and understand different new beauties, and a role that reveals social identity, and a reference for research on a formless visual arts.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2115-2123
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to draw a general conclusion through summing up theses on parents' need for their education up to the present. The subjects of this study are 25 masters' degree theses on parents' need for their education in the kindergarten from 2001 to 2010. The results of data on parents' education method and style were conducted by frequency analysis. Also it was surveyed if in how many theses the contents of parents' education were rated over average points by Licker. The results of this study are as follows: First, the parents think that the proper frequency of their education is once or two in a semester and the favorite time is from 10 to 12 o'clock or from 2 p. m. to 4 p.m. They also want to learn on Wednesday, Friday and Saturday. And they want a professional as their lecturer the most and then a homeroom teacher. Secondly, in the survey of their education style they like more lecture or a short course than any other thing, and then they like home messenger, group council and so on. But especially they don't like the style of visiting class, book lending, ceremony/class assistance, practice (workshop), and visiting home. Thirdly, they want to know a general guide in the kindergarten of the contents of their education a lot. And they want to know some of a budget, program, and assessment of a principal and the teachers in the kindergarten. Fourthly, they want to know all parts of the parents' roles related to rearing their children in their own elements of the contents of their education above all. And they also want strongly their free time, hobby, the liberal arts, amusement and recreation. Fifthly, in the view of infant development they want strongly to know how to communicate with their children rightly, and how to adjust their children's activities and how to praise or blame their children. And they also want how to form their children's right habit and to guide their children's right acts in the infant period the most. Lastly, they want to know children's physical development and their cognitive development in the view of infant development the most. And then they want to know the development of sociology, creativity, morality, and emotion in good order.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to serve as a basis for the planning of oral health education and the development of an oral health-promotion program for patients who visited dental clinics by examining how much dental hygienists offered oral health education to adult patients at dental clinics. A parent group was selected, being made up of 1,600 dental hygienists who registered with the Dental Hygienist Association and worked in Seoul. The questionnaire survey was carried out and an ${\chi}^2-test$ was made using the data collected from 218 subjects to determine how their practice of oral health education was different according to certain general characteristics(the sort of organization for which they worked, age, the term of their service, and the mean number of patients per day). As a result, the following findings were obtained: 1. Thees general characteristics made the following differences to the content of oral health, education: The sort of organization for which the subjects worked made a significant difference in the following tooth brushing instruction (p<0.05), the effect of oral prophylaxis or education about aftereffects (p<0.05), the regular examination of prosthesis (p<0.05), smoking-prohibition education (p<0.05), and the prevention poor-quality fillings (p<0.01). The mean number of patients per day made significant differences to the regular examination of prosthesis (p<0.05) and the prevention poor-quality fillings (p<0.01). But no significant disparity was generated by age or the term of service. 2. The general characteristics made the following differences to education about nutrition and diet counseling: The sort of organization for which the subjects worked had a significant effect just on the importance of a balanced menu (p<0.05). Age made significant differences in advice for vitamin, mineral, protein or other nutrients (p<0.01), and the importance of balanced menu (p<0.001). The term of service made significant differences in the importance of balanced menu (p<0.01), and advice for nutrients including vitamin, mineral or protein (p<0.01). 3. The general characteristics made the following differences to the recommendation and use of oral hygiene aids: The sort of oragnization for which they worked made significant differences only to a gingival massager and water pick (p<0.05). No significant difference was produced by age, the term of service or the mean number of patients per day. 4. The use of educational media for oral health was different according to the general characteristics: The use of pamphlets or booklets significantly varied depending on the organization for which they worked and with the mean number of patients per day (p<0.05). The use of slides or slide projectors was significantly affected by age (p<0.05). But no significant disparity was yielded by the term of service. 5. The general characteristics made the following difference as to whether a continued oral management system was carried out or not: The sort of organization for which they worked had very a significant effect on this result (p<0.001), and no significant disparity was made by age, the term of service or the mean number of patients per day. 6. The place where oral health education was giver differed according to the following general characteristics: The sort of organization for which they worked made very a significant difference as to the use of an examination room's dental unit chair or waiting room (p<0.01), and to the use of an oral health education room or reception counter (p<0.001). The term of service had a significant effect on the use of a counseling room (p<0.01). And the mean number of patients per day made significant differences in the use of a dental unit chair or reception counter (p<0.05), and to the use of an oral health education room or waiting room (p<0.01).

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.271-282
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• 2000

Primary school is regarded as an important period when many health-related behaviors and life-styles begin to be formed. Acquiring them through school heath education has a strong influence on the health promotion of not only the family but also the community. The goal of this study is to provide baseline data to develop a suitable smoking prevention program for the first graders of middle school. In order to provide this baseline data, the relationships between knowledge and attitudes of the adolescent regarding smoking, and the degree of their stress and self-esteem of the adolescent were explored To achieve this goal a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the students in two middle schools in Kwang-ju City by school nurses, 400 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SAS-Fe. The findings were as follows; 1. The subjects of this study were 225 male and 179 female, their average age of than was 12.7. Two students were smoking currently and 49 students had smoked. They started smoking at the mean age of 10.0. 2. Students who were not smoking showed more positive attitudes regarding anti- smoking(F=34.07, p=0.0001), perceived less stress(F=8.32, p=0.0003), and had higher self-esteem(F=15.35, p=0.0001). 3. Those who had the intention to smoke in the future showed more negative attitudes regarding anti-smoking(F=38.97, p=0.0001), perceived more stress(F=4.87, p=0.002) and had lower self-esteem(F=5.55, p=0.0042) 4. Those who had a better self-perception of school performance showed more positive attitudes regarding smoking(F=8.28, p=0.0003), perceived less stress(F=3.48, p=0.0316), and had higher self-esteem(F=22.36, p=0.0001). Those who frequently communicate with their parent showed more positive attitudes regarding anti-smoking(F=4.27, p=0.0082), and had high self-esteem(F=13.28, p=0.0001). 5. There were positive correlations between the attitudes regarding smoking and the self esteem of the adolescent(r=0.36498, p=0.0001), and a negative correlation between the self esteem and the perceived stress of the adolescent(r=-0.34763, p=0.0001). From the above results, we notice adolescent's smoking were related not only with knowledge regarding smoking but also with the intention to smoke in the future, attitudes regarding smoking, and the degree of their stress and self-esteem. So the smoking prevention program to reduce adolescent smoking should include the strategies to increase self-esteem and to address the perceived stress and the dangers of smoking.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.743-756
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• 2002

Purpose: This study is a descriptive and comparative study that compares health state and school adaptation between children in divorced family and in normal family. Study results will provide a basic data for the development of an intervention program designed to help children in divorced family adjust to their crisis. Method: The study subjects consisted of 700 children in 4th. 5th or 6th elementary school grade, residing Seoul and Kyunggi regions. Among these subjects, 123 were children with divorced family and 577 were children with normal family. The health status of the subjects was measured by Health Symptom Questionnaire developed by Shin and revised by the investigators. The instrument consisted of 30 items measuring physical and emotional health symptoms. The level of school adaptation of the subjects was measured by School Adaptation Scale developed by Lee, which consisted of 4 dimensions with 20 items what measures relationship with peer students, learning activity, observance of regulation, and participation of school activity. The investigators visited the schools and collected data in the classes using the questionnaire after explaining the purpose and procedures of the study to the children. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, $\yen\"{o}2$-test, t-test, ANOVA using the SPSS PC + statistical program. Result: First, the mean health state score in children with normal family (M=11.99) was higher than that in children with divorced family (M=19.15), showing a significant difference (t=-6.51, p=.000) between the two groups, which suggests that children with normal family have better health state than children with divorced family. Second, the mean school adaptation score in children with normal family (M=38.99) was higher than that in children with divorced family (M=26.97), showing a significant difference between the two groups (t=104.07, p=.000), which suggests that the school adaptation of children with normal family is better than that of children with divorced family. Third, in comparison of health state between the two groups by general characteristics. there were significant differences between the two groups in sex. the most contributing factor to health status of the children, school year. birth order, religion, school achievement, amount of monthly pocket money, parents level of formal education, occupation of parents, economic status (p<.05). Forth, in comparison of the level of school adaptation between the two groups by general characteristics, there were significant differences between the two groups in most variables (p<.05), suggesting that children with normal family had better capacity of school adaptation than children with divorced family. Conclusion: As a result. this study showed that the parent's divorce had great influence on children's health status and school adaptation capacity. The implication for nursing is that there is a need to develop supportive interventions for the high-risk children who have decreased health states and school adaptation capacity due to the divorce of their parents. In addition, it is recommended that further studies should be conducted to explore protective factors for the prevention of health and adaptation problems in children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.628-636
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• 2017

This study was conducted to analyze the effects of parents' self-esteem on preschool aged children's emotional responses and attention, mediated by their self-esteem, utilizing data from the 7th Panel Study of Korean Children. This study analyzed the main survey of the 7th year survey of the Panel Study on Korean Children and 1383 families from which both parents participated in the survey (1383 couples of parents and 1383 children). The results revealed that mother's self-esteem had a direct effect on children's self-esteem and that children's self-esteem had direct effects on their emotional responses and attention. Mother's self-esteem also had direct effects on children's emotional responses and attention, as well as indirect effects on their emotional responsiveness and attention, and these effects were mediated by parents' self-esteem. Overall, the study revealed the impact of parents' self-esteem on children's emotional responsiveness and attention and provided basic data for the development of an education program for preschool aged children and parents. Thus, it is necessary to develop educational programs to improve preschool aged children's self-esteem and to develop a program for the formation and maintenance of mother's positive self-esteem.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.213-222
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude toward the elderly, aging anxiety, and attitude toward caring the elderly and to identify influencing factors of attitude toward caring the elderly in nursing students. Participants were 227 nursing students from three college of nursing in D-city and K region. Data was collected by structured questionnaire on subjects' characteristics, knowledge toward the elderly, attitude toward the elderly, aging anxiety, and attitude toward caring the elderly. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. The average score of knowledge, aging anxiety, attitude toward the elderly, and attitude toward caring the elderly of participants were 14.78, 2.88, 4.09, 5.16. Factors significantly affecting attitude toward caring the elderly were attitude toward the elderly, preference of caring for the elderly, aging anxiety, favorable type to be support as a parent. Explanatory power of the model was 24.7%. The results of this study suggest that interventions may be necessary to improve attitude toward caring the elderly among nursing students. It is essential to develop the strategy of providing positive experience with the elderly for nursing students as well as geriatric nursing education.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.501-507
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• 2018

This study was conducted to identify a relationship between Helicopter Parenting, Critical thinking disposition, and Learning Competences of Nursing students. This was a descriptive analyzed study, data were collected from April 3 to 14, 2017, study subjects were 208 nursing students in nursing colleges located C and I city, using self-reported questionnaires. The results of the study showed the mean scores of Helicopter parenting and critical thinking were $73.94{\pm}13.88$, $113.30{\pm}12.33$. And learning motivation, cognition, behavior were consisted in learning competence, learning cognition (F=3.62, p=.014) and learning behavior (F=4.07, p=.008) were statistically significant differences in school score. Helicopter parenting and critical thinking were a significant negative relationship (r=-.14, p=.043), according to critical thinking of learning cognition (r=.43, p<.001) and behavior (r=.42, p<.001) were a significant positive relationship. Based on the results, they were taken a baseline data for developing a Parent-Parenting Education Program to enhance on critical thinking and learning competence of nursing students and a Clinical Nursing Empowerment Program.