• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 2022

This study intends to examine how the perception of covid-19 risk affects consumers' consumption behavior based on previous studies in a situation where the spread of covid-19 is prolonged. This study demonstrates how consumers' perception of covid-19 risk affects online and offline consumption behavior through the perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, coping effectiveness, and self-efficacy of the revised protective motivation theory (Rogers, 1983). We want to test it through analysis. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, consumers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province who have purchased within the past 3 months were selected as a sample. In addition, variable data such as risk perception of covid-19, perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, coping effectiveness, self-efficacy, online purchase attitude and purchase intention, offline purchase attitude and purchase intention were collected through the questionnaire.A total of 363 copies of valid responses were tested to test the hypothesis of the relationship between variables through the covariance structure model. The analysis results of this study were first, that covid-19 risk perception had a significant positive (+) effect on perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, and coping effectiveness. Second, perceived severity and perceived vulnerability were found to have a significant positive (+) effect on offline purchasing attitude. Third, perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, coping plan effectiveness, and self-efficacy were all found to have significant positive (+) effects on online purchase attitude. Finally, it was found that offline purchase attitude and online purchase attitude had a significant positive (+) effect on offline purchase intention and online purchase intention, respectively. Also, it was found that online purchase attitude had a negative (-) effect on offline purchase intention. The results of this analysis will provide meaningful implications for the establishment of strategies for distribution channels according to the social risk of infectious diseases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.2146-2152
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• 2015

Apios americana Medik (hereinafter Apios) has been reported to treat diseases, including cancer, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. The therapeutic effect of Apios is likely to be associated with its anti-inflammatory activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Apios in animal models of acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza A virus (H1N1). Mice were exposed to LPS or H1N1 for 2-4 days to induce acute lung injury. The treatment groups were administered Apios extracts via oral injection for 8 weeks before LPS treatment or H1N1 infection. To investigate the effects of Apios, we assessed the mice for in vivo effects of Apios on immune cell infiltration and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and histopathological changes in the lung. After induction of acute lung injury, the numbers of neutrophils and total cells were lower in the Apios-treated groups than in the non-Apios-treated LPS and H1N1 groups. The Apios groups tended to have lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 in BAL fluid. In addition, the histopathological changes in the lungs were markedly reduced in the Apios-treated groups. These data suggest that Apios treatment reduces LPS- and H1N1-induced lung inflammation. These protective effects of Apios suggest that it may have therapeutic potential in acute lung injury.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.27-39
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• 2020

With the COVID-19 pandemic, the global economy has stagnated and our daily lives have changed. The rural economy is also experiencing damage, such as an average of 65% or more decrease in the number of visitors to rural experience resort villages due to the spread of COVID-19. In order to minimize the damage arising from the prolonged coronavirus, a hospitality system in response to changes in rural tourism behavior and consumer demand is needed to revitalize rural areas and maintain continuous economic independence. Therefore, this study attempted to find ways to utilize landscape resources such as education, culture, history, and ecology in order to complement the existing experience programs in connection with local resources and local environment. Wibong Village, which is the subject of the study, attempted to revitalize the village using the resources through the "Creative village creation" project in 2015. Due to poor management of historical resources, difficulty in operating experience programs, and response to changes in the natural environment, the rate of implementation of the project plan was very low. Currently, the demand for experience is also decreasing due to the COVID-19 effect, so it was judged that it was necessary to develop an experience village program suitable for the needs of experienced visitors by discovering additional local resources for the continuous operation of the experience village. In order to solve the problem of the use of landscape resources and the spatial composition of the study site, additional investigations of local resources were made, and an experience program course that could be operated by theme was proposed by configuring a space suitable for the use of landscape resources. By dividing the additionally investigated landscape resources into history, ecology, and region, an experiential course was created to separate the traffic lines, and the space composition for large-scale experienced visitors that had been previously operated was constructed in a form suitable for the post-corona era. In addition, at least two experiential tour courses that can be operated by period were proposed to maintain economic effects. Starting with this study, if further research on the creation and spatial composition of a rural experience village centered on the connection with the region, it will be used as research results that can be referenced in projects such as village creation, rural space planning, and living area analysis. It is expected that it will be able to effectively cope with the construction of a rural area suitable for the post-corona era, where demand is expected to increase in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.531-539
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• 2021

Given the rapid development of information and communication technology (ICT) and the deepening of the information gap phenomenon in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers and practitioners need to understand the changing perceptions of new phenomena such as COVID-19 information gap on the existing information-vulnerable population. In this study, an empirical analysis was performed with the digital information gap survey data in 2020 to understand the potential impact of COVID-19 on the information gap according to the information-vulnerable class. This study is to verify the effect of information gap, marginalized groups, gender, and major factors of information services (contents, social relations, life services, information production, networking, social participation, non-face-to-face services) on the change in perception of digital information technology after Corona. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the higher the content, social relationship, life service, networking, and digital non-face-to-face service, the higher the change in perception of digital information technology after Corona. Therefore, in light of the evolving phenomenon of COVID-19, it is considered that the government needs to provide education and training to strengthen the capabilities of the information-vulnerable class in order to resolve the digital information gap.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.229-239
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• 2021

This study is to identify the factors influencing the attitudes, behavior controls, and subjective norms related to COVID-19 vaccination on the intention of preventive behavior in K provincial residents. A total of 232 people agreed to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and Hierarchical analysis. As a result of this study, the factors that had a statistically significant effect on the intention to conduct COVID-19 vaccination were perceived behavioral control (β=.39, p<.001) and attitude toward COVID-19 preventive behavior (β=.24, p<.001), followed by subjective norm (β=.24, p<.001). The explanatory power for this was 56.8%. The COVID-19 vaccine is an important means of ending the COVID-19 pandemic and helps prevent infection or worsening of COVID-19 and protect those around you. In the post-COVID-19 situation, it is necessary to improve the intention of vaccination against COVID-19 and to take active measures and strategies. At this point in time when COVID-19 vaccination is becoming more prevalent across the country, we hope that the intent of the COVID-19 vaccination action will translate into a COVID-19 vaccination action.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.235-252
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• 2021

The development of information and communication technology and COVID-19 have caused an unusual change in the hotel industry, and the demand for the contactless services such as service robots from hotel customers has surged. Therefore, this study investigates the perception of hotel customers on contactless services by applying a mixed-method analysis. Specifically, this study identified the causal correlations between variables through the structural equation model, and further applied the fuzzy set qualitative comparison analysis to derive patterns of variables that form the intention to use the non-face-to-face services. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that service experience co-creation, palyfulness, personalization, and trust had a significant effect on intention to use through the contactless service use desire. On the other hand, in the results of fuzzy-set qualitative comparison analysis, playfulness was derived as a core factor in all patterns. Based on these analysis results, this study provides academic basis for in-depth understanding of hotel customers' perception of contactless service and specific guidelines for hotel managers on the contactless service strategies in the era of COVID-19 pandemic.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.93-114
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• 2021

COVID-19 has been affecting the library, not to mention society as a whole. Especially, there are many changes in the role and service of the university libraries as all the classes of the universities are turned into non-face-to-face and the use of the university libraries is restricted. The changes in users' use of information and communication behavior due to COVID-19 could be an opportunity for new utilization of human and material resources the university libraries have and for the development of services. However, on the contrary, the university libraries could face another crisis if they fail to respond appropriately to current changes. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp, analyze the impact of COVID-19 and plan how to respond. A survey on the effects of COVID-19 and the response of the university libraries and the perceptions of the university libraries found that most university libraries are responding appropriately to COVID-19. However, a survey on the perceptions of the present and future of the university libraries under COVID-19 showed that many survey respondents think COVID-19 would have a negative impact on the university libraries. This means that the changes caused by COVID-19 are causing a crisis and anxiety in the university libraries. Therefore, by working hard together, the university libraries need to present the university libraries' new role, service and direction in the post-COVID-19 era as well as responding to the current situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.911-917
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• 2021

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome is being impacted worldwide by the prolonged COVID-19 situation. Due to the impact of COVID-19, domestic educational institutions have also changed their teaching methods. Domestic universities traditionally aim for face-to-face lectures, but due to the pandemic, they are conducting non-face-to-face lectures. This study aims to evaluate the effect of non-face-to-face lectures on radiology students. The subjects of this study are students of the Department of Radiology at University D in Daegu. As for the contents of the study, satisfaction with non-face-to-face lecture delivery, concentration, and comprehension was evaluated. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Ver. 26 was used, and the reliability measurement was found to be Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.805. In the results of this study, the satisfaction of non-face-to-face lecture delivery, concentration, and comprehension was overall high. However, satisfaction with theoretical subjects (2.08±0.88) was significantly different from that of practical subjects (2.51±1.10) (t=-9.880, p<.001). Satisfaction by grade level was highest in the first grade. As a result, it is judged that non-face-to-face theoretical lectures require more careful preparation from lecture planning than practical lectures, and further research is expected in the future.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.16-33
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• 2021

Objectives This study aims to provide directions for future Korean pediatric medicine treatment and researches by analyzing the characteristics of diseases of Korean pediatric outpatients before and after the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods We analyzed the medical records of 10,868 new patients aged 0-18 who visited the Korean pediatrics at Kyung Hee university hospital from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. All patients were divided into 2 groups; patients who visited from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, before the coronavirus epidemic, and patients who visited from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021, after the coronavirus epidemic. Within the two groups, the diagnosis distribution was performed for the entire population, by gender and by age group. Diagnoses were classified as allergy, growth, gastrointestinal, respiratory, general body supplementation, neuropsychiatric, skin, urogenital, musculoskeletal, and other systems. Results According to the comparative analysis results of before and after the COVID epidemic, there was a decreasing trend of diagnoses in relates to allergy, respiratory, urogenital, musculoskeletal system. On the other side, there was an increasing trend in gastrointestinal, general body supplementation, growth, neuropsychiatric, skin and other system. Changes in diagnosis based on gender and age group will be described below. Conclusions This study analyzed the characteristics of diseases of Korean pediatric outpatients before and after the COVID-19 epidemic, and suggested the direction of future Korean medicine treatment and researches for pediatrics. Also, this study aimed to propose proper treatments for children by showing the role of Korean pediatric medicine related to growth and development of children during the epidemic. However, this study has limitations such as failure to track the long-term impact of COVID-19. Thus, long term follow-up studies are needed to show the effect of COVID-19 on Korean pediatric medicine.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.380-386
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• 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a public health emergency of global concern. In China, traditional Chinese medicine has been widely administered to COVID-19 patients without sufficient evidence. To evaluate the efficacy of Shenhuang Granule (SHG) for treating critically ill patients with COVID-19, we included in this study 118 patients who were admitted to the ICU of Tongji Hospital between January 28, 2020 and March 28, 2020. Among these patients, 33 (27.9%) received standard care plus SHG (treatment group) and 85 (72.1%) received standard care alone (control group). Enrolled patients had a median (IQR) age of 68 (57-75) years, and most (79 [67.1%]) were men. At end point of this study, 83 (70.3%) had died in ICU, 29 (24.5%) had been discharged from ICU, and 6 patients (5.2%) were still in ICU. Compared with control group, mortality was significantly lower in treatment group (45.4% vs. 80%, p < .001). Patients in treatment group were less likely to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (12 [36.3%] vs. 54 [63.5%], p = 0.012) and cardiac injury (5 [15.1%] vs. 32 [37.6%], p = 0.026), and less likely to receive mechanical ventilation (22 [66.7%] vs. 72 [84.7%], p = 0.028) than those in control group. The median time from ICU admission to discharge was shorter in treatment group (32 [20-73] days vs. 76 [63-79] days, p = 0.0074). These findings suggest that SHG treatment as a complementary therapy might be effective for critically ill adults with COVID-19 and warrant further clinical trials.