• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2010

Several quality parameters affecting Alaska pollack, Theragra chalcogramma, were measured and modeled kinetically under storage at different temperatures: the K-value, trimethylamine (TMA), volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), Torry meter, pH, acid value (AV), total viable cell count (TVC), and colony forming units (CFU) of Pseudomonas spp. The off-flavor development time (ODT) was also measured using the R-index sensory test and modeled kinetically. Among the quality parameters, the CFU of Pseudomonas spp. was an indicator of the ODT according to a similarity in the Arrhenius temperature dependence, which was derived as a criterion mathematically. The temperature dependence was represented by the Arrhenius's activation energy ($E_a$). On comparing the $E_a$ of the quality factors and the ODT, the similarity in the temperature dependence was found to be high in the order Pseudomonas spp., pH, VBN, TVC, K-value, TMA, AV, and Torry meter. Therefore, Pseudomonas spp. was identified as the primary indicator of ODT.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.74-82
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• 1992

Ultra-fine calcium phosphate powders were synthesized by the reaction of Ca(OH)2 suspension with various phosphoric aqueous solutions such as (NH4)2HPO4, H4P2O7 and H3PO4, and the characterization of powders was examined for each synthetic condition. When (NH4)2HPO4 and H3PO4 were used, hydroxyapatite powders with poor crystallinity were obtained. In the case of H4P2O7, amorphous calcium phosphate was obtained up to 0.3 mol/ι Ca(OH)2 suspension, but above the concentration, poor crystalline hydroxyapatite was produced. Crystalline phases of powders heat-treated at 80$0^{\circ}C$ were hydroxyapatite, $\beta$-tricalcium phosphate and $\beta$-tricalcium phosphate for the case of (NH4)2HPO4, H4P2O7 and H3PO4, respectively. SEM observation revealed that the shapes of synthesized powders were vigorously agglomerated spherical with the size below 100 nm, but TEM observation revealed that primary shapes of particles were rod for (NH4)2HPO4 and H3PO4 and were sphere for H4P2O7. There was no dependence of the concentration of Ca(OH)2 suspension. In the case that reaction temperature and pH of the suspension were raised, the inclination to the hydroxyapatite were remarkable. The amorphous calcium phosphate synthesized in this experiment contained water about 20% , and was crystallized to $\beta$-tricalcium phosphate at 69$0^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.130-133
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• 2002

The last step in the photocycle of photoactive yellow protein (PYP) is a spontaneous recovery of the dark state from the active state in which the p-coumaric acid chromophore is thermally isomerized, concomitantly with the deprotona- tion of the chtomophore and the refolding of the protein moicty. For the purpose of understanding the mechanism of the thermal back-isomerization, we have investigated the rate-determining step by analyzing mutant PYPs of Met100, which was previously shown to play a major role in facilitating the reaction (1). The mutation to Lys, Leu, Ala, or Glu decelerated the dark state recovery by 1 to 3 three orders of magnitude. By evaluating temperature-dependence and pH-dependence of the kinetics of the dark state recovery, it was found that the retardation by mutations resulted from elevation of the activation enthalpy ( H$\^$┿/) and that the pKa of the chromophore, which was affected by the mutation, is in a linier correlation with the amplitude of the rate constants. It was, therefore, deduced from the correlation that the free energy for crossing the activated state in the dark recovery process is proportional to the free energy for the deprotonation of the chromophore, identifying the rate-determining step as the deprotonation of the chromophore. (1) Devanathan, S. Genick, U. K. Canestrelli, I. L. Meyer, T. E. Cusanovich, M. A. Getzoff, E. D. Tollin, G., Biochemistry 1998, 37, 11563 - 11568

• 공업화학
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.543-545
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 용매열합성법을 이용하여 용액의 서로 다른 pH와 용매 조건에서 4종의 수산화인회석을 합성하였다. 합성된 샘플의 결정성과 형태를 X-선 회절 분석과, 투과형전자현미경을 통하여 분석하였다. 4종의 수산화인회석은 pH와 용매 조건에 관계없이 거의 유사한 형태의 XRD 패턴을 보여 주었다. 그러나 형태는 순수한 물을 용매를 사용하였을 경우 염기 조건에서 합성한 수산화인회석이 [001] 방향으로 결정이 성장한 형태를 보였으며, 또한 순수한 물에 메탄올과 에탄올이 첨가한 조건에서 합성한 수산화인회석은 [001] 방향으로 더욱더 결정이 성장한 형태를 보였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.614-620
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• 1999

양이온 계면활성제인 Dodecylpyridinium chloride(DPC)와 Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide(TTAB)로 구성된 혼합계면활성제의 임계마이셀농도(CMC)와 반대이온의 결합상수(${\beta}$)를 $4^{\circ}C$에서 $36^{\circ}C$까지 전도도법으로 측정하였다. CMC와 ${\beta}$값의 온도에 따른 변화로부터 DPC/TTAB 혼합계면활성제의 마이셀화에 대한 여러 가지 열역학 함수값(${\Delta}C_p$, ${\Delta}G^o_m$, ${\Delta}H^o_m$ 및 ${\Delta}S^o_m$)을 계산하였다. ${\Delta}C_p$와 ${\Delta}G^o_m$은 측정한 온도범위 내에서 모두 음의 값을 나타내었으며, ${\Delta}S^o_m$은 모두 양의 값을 나타내었다. 한편 ${\Delta}H^o_m$은 낮은 온도에서는 양의 값을 그리고 높은 온도에서는 음의 값을 띠었다. 또한 이러한 열역학 함수값은 온도와 몰분율 조성 (${\alpha}_DPC$)에 따라 큰 변화를 보였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.607-612
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• 2014

이산화지르코늄 표면에 흡착되는 금 입자의 분포 또는 그 반대 경우의 분포에 영향을 끼칠 수도 있는 정전기적 상호작용과 금 입자를 코팅한 mercaptoundecanoic acid층의 표면물성을 규명하였다. 이를 위하여, 원자힘현미경(AFM)으로 mercaptoundecanoic acid층 표면과 이산화지르코늄표면 사이의 표면힘을 염 농도와 pH 값에 따라 측정하였다. 측정된 힘은 Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-overbeek (DLVO) 이론에 의해 표면의 정량적인 전하밀도와 포텐셜 값들로 전환되었다. 이 값들이 염 농도와 pH에 따라 달라지는 특성을 질량보존의 법칙으로 기술하였으며, 산출된 표면 특성의 염 농도 의존성은 이론적으로 예측했던 결과와 일치하는 것으로 확인되었다. Mercaptoundecanoic acid층의 표면이 이산화지르코늄 표면보다 높은 전하밀도와 포텐셜을 갖는 것이 발견되었는데, 이는 mercaptoundecanoic acid층의 이온화 기능기에 기인한 것으로 생각된다.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2003

The rheological behaviour of anatase $TiO_2$ with organic coating has been investigated extensively in this study. The yield stress was measured over a wide range of solids concentration and pH using stress-controlled and speed-controlled rheometers. The organic treatment leads to a shift of the isoelectric point (IEP) from around pH 5.5 to pH 2.4. A maximum yield stress occurs in the vicinity of the isoelectric point determined by electrokinetic measurements. The transition of rheological behaviour between elastic solid and viscous liquid is represented by a stress plateau in a plot of stress against strain. It is hypothesised that the slope of the stress plateau reflects the uniformity of the structure, and hence the distribution of bond strength. Altering the concentration and the surface chemistry can vary the bond strength and its distribution. therefore, resulting in different type of failure: "ductile-type" or "brittle-type". pH and volume fraction dependence of yield stress could be described quantitatively using existing models with reasonable agreement.easonable agreement.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2016

The replication protein A (RPA) plays a crucial role in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. RPA consists of 70, 32 and 14 kDa subunits and has high single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding affinity. The largest subunit, RPA70, mainly contributes to bind to ssDNA as well as interact with many cellular and viral proteins. In this study, we performed nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on the complex of the DNA binding domain A of human RPA70 (RPA70A) with ssDNA, d(CCCCC), at various pH, to understand the effect of pH on the ssDNA binding of RPA70A. The chemical shift perturbations of binding residues were most significant at pH 6.5 and they reduced with pH increment. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of the ssDNA binding of human RPA.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

한국원자력연구소에서 개발한 $CaSO_4:Dy,P$를 이용하여 ICRU에서 권고하는 Hp(10)을 평가하고자 하였다. $CaSO_4:Dy,P$는 광자에 내하여 높은 에너지 의존성을 지니므로 Hp(10) 평가를 위해서는 필터물질을 이용하여 모든 에너지에 대하여 반응도를 적절히 보상하여야 한다. ISO에서 권고하는 열형광선량계의 성능요건을 만족하는 필터설계를 위해 몬테칼로 코드를 이용한 이론적 계산과 검증 실험을 수행하였다. 완성된 필터 하에서 $CaSO_4:Dy,P$ 소자는 $20{\sim}662keV$에 이르는 광자 에너지 범위에서 $0.75{\sim}1.0$의 상대반응도를 보였다. 특히 직경이 큰 후방필터를 설계함으로써 전방필터의 두께를 감소하고 필터 조합을 단순화하였으며 테이퍼를 도입하여 선량계의 방향의존성을 대폭 개선할 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.814-819
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• 1996

In search of simple host molecules for uranyl ion which form 1: 1-type complexes with high formation constants that can be used either in extraction of uranium from seawater or in catalysis of biologically important organic reactions, the uranophile activities of dihydroxyazobenzene derivative 1 were studied. Uranyl ion and 1 form a 1: 1-type complex with a very large formation constant. The formation constant was measured at pH 7-11.6 by competition experiments with carbonate ion. From the resulting pH dependence, ionization constants of the two aquo ligands coordinated to the uranium of the uranyl complex of 1 were calculated. The ionization constants were also measured by potentiometric titration of the uranyl complex of 1. Based on these results, the pKa values of the two aquo ligands were estimated as 7.1 and 11.0, respectively. At pH 7.5-9.5, therefore, the complex exists mostly as monohydroxo species. Under the conditions of seawater, 1 possesses greater affinity toward uranyl ion compared with other uranophiles such as carbonate ion, calixarene derivatives, or a macrocyclic octacarboxylate. In addition, complexation of 1 with uranyl ion is much faster than that of the calixarene or octacarboxylate uranophiles.