• 제목/요약/키워드: outcomes

검색결과 10,830건 처리시간 0.035초

Cognitive outcomes in late childhood and adolescence of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

  • Lee, Bo Lyun;Glass, Hannah C.
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제64권12호
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    • pp.608-618
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    • 2021
  • Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the most common cause of neonatal encephalopathy with a global incidence of approximately 1 to 8 per 1,000 live births. Neonatal encephalopathy can cause neurodevelopmental and cognitive impairments in survivors of hypoxic-ischemic insults with and without functional motor deficits. Normal neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood do not preclude cognitive and behavioral difficulties in late childhood and adolescence because cognitive functions are not yet fully developed at this early age. Therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to significantly reduced death and severe disabilities in term newborns with HIE. However, children treated with hypothermia therapy remain at risk for cognitive impairments and follow-up is necessary throughout late childhood and adolescence. Novel adjunctive neuroprotective therapies combined with therapeutic hypothermia may enhance the survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants with HIE. The extent and severity of brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging might predict neurodevelopmental outcomes and lead to targeted interven tions in children with a history of neonatal encephalopathy. We provide a summary of the long-term cognitive outcomes in late childhood and adolescence in children with a history of HIE and the association between pattern of brain injury and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

PMO 역량에 따른 프로젝트 성과에 관한 연구 (An Exploratory Study on the Project Performance by PMO Capability)

  • 배재권;김진화;김상열
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.53-77
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    • 2008
  • In recent years, although numbers of corporations are bringing in PMO, they seem to be indifferent to PMO performance measurement. This demonstrates that there are also other reasons beside performance measurement of information systems (IS) project being ambiguous by introducing PMO; the lack of acknowledging the concrete function of PMO, and the scarcity of empirical study about the effect of PMO on the project members and project performance. In this sense, this study is aimed at proposing a new research model in which project success factors (i.e., standardization, management advocacy, and staff expertise) affect PMO capability (i.e., knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency) positively, leading to project performance (i.e., task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes) eventually. To empirically test the research model, data are surveyed from PMO department and IS department. To prove the validity of the proposed research model, PLS analysis is applied with valid 132 questionnaires. By employing PLS technique, the measurement reliability and validity of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis testing. The path analysis results can be organized into 7 ways in large scale. First, standardization of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency of PMO capabilities. The findings of this result indicate that the multiple or single project management should satisfy standardization in order to operate an effective PMO. Second, management advocacy of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. Management advocacy refers to the willingness of management to provide the required resources and authority for project success. There is agreement among researchers regarding the importance of management advocacy for favorable PMO capability. Third, staff expertise of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. The findings of this result indicate that the formation of an exceptional consultant or members with a proficient knowledge for staff expertise of project member is the key factor to elevate the PMO capability. Past research suggests that experience and knowledge and the resultant familiarity with the problem faced can be an important determinant of PMO capability. A capable project with appropriate staff expertise means that it enjoys a diversity of abilities and experiences. Fourth, knowledge management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive impact on psychological outcomes but has no direct effect on task outcomes and organizational outcomes. In domestic case of S. Korea, PMO was finally introduced to many other corporations in 2005 though it started bringing in 2000. Therefore, it had neither a significant impact on the task outcomes nor organizational outcomes by lacking the contents and the infrastructure of the knowledge management because the knowledge consolidation and management period of PMO is comparatively shorter by terms than other foreign nations. Fifth, resources management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. In addition, problem solving competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Therefore, the findings of this results stress that PMO capabilities has a positive impact on project performance. Sixth, according to the path analysis of the hypothesis, which suggested in this research, problem solving competency is the PMO capability which is the key success factor for task, psychological, and organizational outcomes as an integrated performance model. Further, the analysis reveals that problem solving competency is an important factor for integrated performance model. The finding is in line with past IS research, which affirms that the work of IS projects is essentially a problem solving endeavor. Seventh, in the path analysis of the hypothesis in this research, the path of the management advocacy $\rightarrow$ problem solving competency $\rightarrow$ organizational outcomes appears to be the most important and strongest path. In brief, the finding of this study suggests that project success factors influence PMO capability positively, and project performance as well. From the results, it can be concluded that PMO helped great improve the project success rate and project performance. This study advances research on PMO capability in three important aspects. First, the findings of our study have implications for IS theory and future research. Our study contributes to IS theory by synthesizing concepts from PMO research and project management research with those in IS research. We proposed and tested PMO capability of IS projects and the findings of our investigation provided some preliminary answers to some of the questions raised. Secondly, this thesis does not only help depicting the concept of IT governance but also approaches empirically. It makes a gradual approach to the main content, step by step, in contrary of simple standard, scholastic way of thinking. Finally, we argued that this task-oriented(technical) view is not sufficient to adequately conceptualize IS project performance. Hence, we applied that the research on organization teams, which provides a flip viewpoint to that of project management research in that it gives more weight for psychological outcomes of organizational work groups, can be very helpful in reconceptualizing the IS project performance construct. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide research directions for future research.

지식결과에 대한 타당성 검증;간호결과분류(NOC)에 기초하여 (Validation of Nursing-sensitive Patient Outcomes;Focused on Knowledge outcomes)

  • 염영희;이규은
    • 간호행정학회지
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.357-374
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to validate knowledge outcomes included Nursing Outcomes Classification(NOC) developed by Johnson and Maas at the University of Iowa. A sample of 71 nurse experts working in university affiliated hospitals participated in this study. They were asked to rate indicators that examplified the outcomes on a scale of 1(indicator is not all characteristic) to 5(indicator is very characteristic). A questionnaire with an adaptation of Fehring's methodology was used to establish the content validity of outcomes. The results were as follow: 1. All indicators were considered to be 'supporting' and no indicators were considered to be 'nonsupporting'. 2. 'Knowledge: Treatment Regimen' attained and OCV score of 0.816 and was the highest OCV score among outcomes. 3. 'Knowledge: Energy Conservation' attained an OCV score of 0.748 and was the lowest OCV score among abuse outcomes. 4. 'Knowledge: Breastfeeding' attained an OCV score of 0.790 and was the highest indicator was 'description of benefits of breastfeeding'. 5. 'Knowledge: Child Safety' attained an OCV score of 0.778 and was the highest indicator was 'demonstration of first aids techniques'. 6. 'Knowledge: Diet' attained an OCV score of 0.779 and was the highest indicator was 'performance of self-monitoring activities'. 7. 'Knowledge: Disease Process' attained an OCV score of 0.815 and was the highest indicator was 'description of signs and symptoms'. 8. 'Knowledge: Health Behaviors' attained an OCV score of 0.800 and was the highest indicator was 'description of safe use of prescription drugs'. 9. 'Knowledge: Health Resources' attained an OCV score of 0.794 and was the highest indicator was 'description of need for follow-up care'. 10. 'Knowledge: Infection Control' attained an OCV score of 0.793 and was the highest indicator was 'description of signs and symptoms'. 11. 'Knowledge: Medication' attained an OCV score of 0.789 and was the highest indicator was 'description of correct administration of medication'. 12. 'Knowledge: Personal Safety' attained an OCV score of 0.804 and was the highest indicator was 'description of measures to reduce risk of accidental injury'. 13. 'Knowledge: Prescribed Activity' attained an OCV score of 0.810 and was the highest indicator was 'proper performance of exercise'. 14. 'Knowledge: Substance Use Control' attained an OCV score of 0.809 and was the highest indicator was 'description of signs of dependence during substance withdrawl'. 15. 'Knowledge: Treatment Procedure(s)' attained an OCV score of 0.795 and was the highest indicator was 'description of appropriate action for complications'. 16. 'Knowledge: Treatment Regimen' attained an OCV score of 0.816 and was the highest indicator was 'description of self-care responsibilities for emergency situations'. More outcomes need to be validated and outcomes sensitive to Korean culture need to be developed.

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가족친화인증기업(관)의 가족친화경영 성과 및 사후지원 효과 - 기업성과와 사회적 성과를 중심으로 - (Family-friendly Management Outcomes and the Effect of Ongoing Support: A Focus on the Organizational and Social Outcomes of Family-friendly Certified Firms)

  • 이승윤;이유리
    • 가족자원경영과 정책
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.17-30
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 2019년 현재 가족친화인증을 유지하고 있는 501개 기업(관)을 대상으로 인증 획득 후 가족친화경영 수준을 파악하고 기업(관)이 인지하는 기업성과와 사회적 성과를 분석하였다. 또한 인증 후 컨설팅, 가족친화 직장교육 등 사후지원이 인증기업(관)의 가족친화경영과 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 분석을 통해 가족친화경영의 활성화 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 주요결과와 제언은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인증기업(관)의 가족친화경영과 관련하여 가족친화 관련 제도의 규정화 운영수준은 높은 편이나, 성과지표 관리 측면은 가장 취약한 부분으로 나타났다. 이는 기업(관)의 실질적인 성과와 연동되는 가족친화경영 성과지표 산정과 측정 관리가 필요함을 시사한다. 둘째, 기업성과 중 기업(관) 홍보 및 이미지 개선과 조직신뢰향상, 사회적 성과 중 조직리더의 가족친화인식 향상과 성평등 직장문화 조성을 높게 인식하는 점을 정책적으로 홍보하고 기업(관)의 유인책으로 활용할 필요가 있다. 나아가 기존의 듀얼 아젠다 관점에서 확대된 제3의 아젠다인 사회적 성과로서 가족친화 사회환경 조성을 위한 기업(관)의 파급력을 강조할 것을 제안한다. 셋째, 전반적으로 인증 후 컨설팅이나 가족친화 직장교육의 경험이 있는 기업(관)이 없는 기업(관) 보다 가족친화경영 수준, 기업성과, 사회적 성과가 통계적으로 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 가족친화경영이 지속적으로 활성화되고 기업 및 사회적 성과 달성을 위해서는 기업(관)의 장기적이고 체계적인 노력이 필요함을 시사한다.

공학교육인증을 위한 정보보호학 프로그램의 교과 기반 학습성과 평가에 관한 연구 (A Study on Course-Embedded Assessment for Program Outcomes of Information Security Program for Engineering Education Accreditation)

  • 정원일
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제19권7호
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    • pp.183-191
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    • 2018
  • 본 논문에서는 공학교육인증제를 운영하는 정보보호학 프로그램에서 교과 기반의 학습성과 평가 체계를 활용하여 프로그램의 재학생들이 졸업 시점에 갖추어야 하는 핵심 성과인 프로그램 학습 성과에 대한 달성도를 평가하는 방안을 제안한다. 본 논문의 교과 기반 학습 성과 평가 사례에서는 프로그램의 교육 목표에 부합하는 프로그램 학습 성과를 설정하고, 교과 기반 평가 자료를 포함한 직간접 평가 도구를 이용하여 프로그램 학습 성과 평가 체계를 기술한다. 그리고 교과기반 프로그램 학습 성과 평가를 위한 루브릭 및 평가 절차, 수행 준거의 설정, 이수 체계에 따른 프로그램 학습 성과에 대한 기여도가 높은 탐침(Probe) 교과목의 선정, 탐침 교과목에 대한 교과목 학습 목표의 설정 및 성취 수준을 측정하기 위한 평가 도구별 루브릭을 설명한다. 이어 탐침 교과목의 학습목표별 필기시험 및 프로젝트 평가 도구의 문항을 기초로 교과기반 학습 성과 평가를 수행하고, 평가 결과로부터 성취도 수준의 분석과 개선 사항 도출하는 과정을 보임으로써 제안하는 교과 기반 학습 성과 평가 방안의 효용성을 입증한다.

학점은행제 간호학과 재학 간호사의 자기 결정성, 학습몰입이 학습성과에 미치는 영향 (Effects of self-determination and learning commitment on the learning outcome of nurses currently under academic credit bank system)

  • 이경숙
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제18권11호
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    • pp.311-318
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 학점은행제 간호학과에 재학 중인 간호사를 대상으로 자기 결정성, 학습몰입, 학습성과의 정도와 상관관계를 파악하고 학습성과에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 자료수집은 B 시 소재 1개 학점은행제 간호학과에 재학 중인 간호사 144명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2018년 4월 1일부터 11월 20일까지였다. 자료는 SPSS/WIN 24.0을 이용하여 T-test, ANOVA, 상관관계 분석, 다중회귀 분석을 이용하였다. 대상자의 자기 결정성은 학습몰입, 학습성과와 정적상관관계가 있었고, 학습몰입과 학습성과도 정적상관관계가 있었다. 학습성과에 영향을 미치는 요인은 자기 결정성, 학습몰입이었고 총 설명력은 32.1%였다. 따라서 학점은행제 재학 간호사의 학습 성과를 증진하기 위하여 일반적 특성에 상관없이 자기 결정성, 학습몰입을 향상할 필요가 있다. 그러므로 간호사가 근무하는 기관에서도 간호사의 자기 결정성과 학습몰입을 증진할 방안이 필요하다. 본 연구결과가 학점은행제 재학생의 학습 성과를 향상하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Outcomes of a superiorly-based pharyngeal flap for the correction of velopharyngeal dysfunction

  • Lee, Yong Woo;Bae, Yong Chan;Park, Sang Min;Nam, Soo Bong;Seo, Hyung Joon;Kim, Geon Woo
    • 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.22-26
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    • 2020
  • Background: This study investigated the outcomes of pharyngeal flap surgery in Asian patients with velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD), with a focus on postoperative improvements in speech articulation and complications. Additionally, this study explored whether the cause of VPD and the timing of surgery affected outcomes in terms of speech improvement. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of 72 Asian VPD patients who underwent pharyngeal flap surgery performed by a single surgeon from 1996 to 2014. Operative complications were analyzed for all 72 patients, and preoperative and postoperative speech articulation tests were compared for the subset of 43 patients in whom such testing was possible. The relationships of age at surgery and the cause of VPD with the extent of improvement in speech articulation were also investigated. Results: Nine of the 72 patients (13%) experienced wound-related complications. Furthermore, 34 patients (47%) reported persistent snoring lasting for over 3 months, and 16 (22%) reported snoring for over 1 year. Three patients (4%) underwent reoperation. Speech articulation scores significantly improved postoperatively across all groups. Younger age at surgery was associated with greater improvements in speech outcomes, but no significant relationship was found between the cause of VPD and the extent of the postoperative improvement in speech outcomes. Conclusion: Speech outcomes improved after pharyngeal surgery in Asian patients with VPD. Early surgery was associated with favorable speech outcomes, but no association was found between the cause of VPD and postoperative speech outcomes.

Surgery versus Nerve Blocks for Lumbar Disc Herniation : Quantitative Analysis of Radiological Factors as a Predictor for Successful Outcomes

  • Kim, Joohyun;Hur, Junseok W.;Lee, Jang-Bo;Park, Jung Yul
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제59권5호
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    • pp.478-484
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    • 2016
  • Objective : To assess the clinical and radiological factors as predictors for successful outcomes in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) treatment. Methods : Two groups of patients with single level LDH (L4-5) requiring treatment were retrospectively studied. The surgery group (SG) included 34 patients, and 30 patients who initially refused the surgery were included in the nerve blocks group (NG). A visual analogue scale (VAS) for leg and back pain and motor deficit were initially evaluated before procedures, and repeated at 1, 6, and 12 months. Radiological factors including the disc herniation length, disc herniation area, canal length-occupying ratio, and canal area-occupying ratio were measured and compared. Predicting factors of successful outcomes were determined with multivariate logistic regression analysis after the optimal cut off values were established with a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results : There was no significant demographic difference between two groups. A multivariate logistic regression analysis with radiological and clinical (12 months follow-up) data revealed that the high disc herniation length with cutoff value 6.31 mm [odds ratio (OR) 2.35; confidence interval (CI) 1.21-3.98] was a predictor of successful outcomes of leg pain relief in the SG. The low disc herniation length with cutoff value 6.23 mm (OR 0.05; CI 0.003-0.89) and high baseline VAS leg (OR 12.63; CI 1.64-97.45) were identified as predictors of successful outcomes of leg pain relief in the NG. Conclusion : The patients with the disc herniation length larger than 6.31 mm showed successful outcomes with surgery whereas the patients with the disc herniation length less than 6.23 mm showed successful outcomes with nerve block. These results could be considered as a radiological criteria in choosing optimal treatment options for LDH.

직무배정 수업기법의 학습성과 향상도 측정 (Measurement of Improved Learning Outcomes using Job Assignment Teaching Method)

  • 김상균
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제12권12호
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    • pp.5633-5638
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    • 2011
  • [1]은 직무배정을 통한 조별과제 수행이 동료평가 방식의 문제점 개선에 효과가 있음을 보여줬으나, 그러한 학습방법이 학습성과에 부정적 영향을 주는가에 대한 고찰이 필요함을 제시하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 직무배정 수업 기법이 학습성과에 어떠한 영향을 주는가를 분석하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 조별과제 수행 시 조원별로 차별화된 직무를 배정하여, 이에 대한 학습자의 학습성과 변화를 학습자 스스로의 평가, 교수자 입장의 평가로 나누어 분석하는 방법을 사용하였다. 분석결과는 직무배정을 통한 조별과제 수행기법은 학습자 스스로의 평가, 교수자 입장의 평가 모두에서 학습성과의 향상을 나타냄을 보였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 변화된 조별과제 수행 방법을 공학교육의 교과과정에서 적절히 활용한다면 조별과제 수행 과정의 학습성과 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

Effect of National Implementation of Telephone CPR Program to Improve Outcomes from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: an Interrupted Time-Series Analysis

  • Lee, Yu Jin;Hwang, Seung-sik;Shin, Sang Do;Lee, Seung Chul;Song, Kyoung Jun
    • Journal of Korean Medical Science
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    • 제33권51호
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    • pp.328.1-328.12
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    • 2018
  • Background: In cardiac arrest, the survival rate increases with the provision of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), of which the initial response and treatment are critical. Telephone CPR is among the effective methods that might increase the provision of bystander CPR. This study aimed to describe and examine the improvement of neurological outcomes in individuals with out-of-hospital acute cardiac arrest by implementing the nationwide, standardized telephone CPR program. Methods: Data from the emergency medical service-based cardiac arrest registry that were collected between 2009 and 2014 were used. The effectiveness of the intervention in the interrupted time-series study was determined via a segmented regression analysis, which showed the risk ratio and risk difference in good neurological outcomes before and after the intervention. Results: Of 164,221 patients, 148,403 were analyzed. However, patients with unknown sex and limited data on treatment outcomes were excluded. Approximately 64.3% patients were men, with an average age of 63.7 years. The number of bystander CPR increased by 3.3 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1-3.5) after the intervention, whereas the rate of good neurological outcomes increased by 2.6 times (95% CI, 2.3-2.9 [1.6%]; 1.4-1.7). The excess number was identified based on the differences between the observed and predicted trends. In total, 2,127 cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) after the intervention period received additional bystander CPR, and 339 cases of OHCA had good neurological outcomes. Conclusion: The nationwide implementation of the standardized telephone CPR program increased the number of bystander CPR and improved good neurological outcomes.