• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.569-594
• /
• 2014

Damage detection methods based on modal analysis have been widely studied in recent years. However the calculation of mode shapes in real structures can be time consuming and often requires dedicated software programmes. In the present paper the combined application of proper orthogonal decomposition and gapped smoothing method to structural damage detection is presented. The first is used to calculate the dynamic shapes of a damaged structural element using only the time response of the system while the second is used to derive a reference baseline to which compare the data coming from the damaged structure. Experimental verification is provided for a beam case while numerical analyses are conducted on plates. The introduction of a stiffener on a plate is investigated and a method to distinguish its influence from that of a defect is presented. Results highlight that the derivatives of the proper orthogonal modes are more effective damage indices than the modes themselves and that they can be used in damage detection when only data from the damaged structure are available. Furthermore the stiffened plate case shows how the simple use of the curvature is not sufficient when analysing complex components. The combined application of the two techniques provides a possible improvement in damage detection of typical aeronautical structures.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2011

In this study, the specifications of the components of the vent vale were optimally determined in order to enhance the performance of the vent valve. Design objective was to minimize fuel leakage while satisfying the design constraints on the performance indices. To obtain the optimum solution based on real experiments, several design techniques available in PIAnO, a commercial PIDO tool, were used. First, an orthogonal array was used to generate training design points and then real experiments were performed to measure the experimental data at the training design points. Next, Kriging metamodels for the objective function and design constraints were generated using the experimental data. Finally, a genetic algorithm was employed to obtain the optimization results using the Kriging models. Fuel leakage of the optimized vent valve was found to be reduced by 95.8% compared to that of the initial one while satisfying all the design constraints.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.301-328
• /
• 2017

Multivariate fluctuating pressures acting on a 2:1 rectangular section (2-D) with dimensions of 9 cm by 4.5 cm has been studied using wind tunnel experiments under uniform and smooth flow condition for various angles of wind incidence. Based on the variation of mean pressure coefficient distributions along the circumference of the rectangular section with angle of wind incidence, and with the aid of skin friction coefficients, three distinct flow regimes with two transition regimes have been identified. Further, variations of mean drag and lift coefficients, Strouhal number with angles of wind incidence have been studied. The applicability of Universal Strouhal number based on vortex street similarity of wakes in bluff bodies to the 2:1 rectangular section has been studied for different angles of wind incidence. The spatio-temporal correlation features of the measured pressure data have been studied using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique. The contribution of individual POD modes to the aerodynamic force components, viz, drag and lift, have been studied. It has been demonstrated that individual POD modes can be associated to different physical phenomena, which contribute to the overall aerodynamic forces.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.189-198
• /
• 2009

이 논문에서는 직교 주파수분할 다중화(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing: OFDM) 수신기에서 수신 신호를 과표본화(oversampling)하여 성능을 개선하는 방법을 제안한다. 수신된 OFDM 신호를 복조하는 것은 각 부반송파에 해당하는 정현파 성분의 진폭과 위상을 추출하는 것과 동일하다. OFDM 수신신호를 과표본화 하면 주파수 영역에서 진폭은 동일하고 위상만 다른 신호를 과표본화율만큼 중복해서 얻을 수 있다. 이 성질을 이용하여 과표본화율만큼 신호대잡음비를 개선할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 과표본화율이 정수인 경우만 가능하던 기존의 과표본화 방법을 일반적인 비정수로 확장하고 그에 적합한 수신기 구조를 제안하고자 한다. 또 모의실험을 통해 비이상적인 대역제한 필터를 사용하는 수신기의 성능을 비교함으로써 제안한 방식의 타당성을 보인다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제14권10호
• /
• pp.1030-1035
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 IS-OFDM(Interference Suppressing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 시스템과 일반 OFDM 시스템을 비교 분석하였다. 입력된 IS-OFDM의 각 병렬 브랜치 시퀀스로 곱해진 뒤 모든 부반송파에 분배되고, 각 부반송파는 주어진 프레임에서 각 병렬 브랜치의 심볼 조각들의 합으로 이뤄진 정보를 전달한다. 한 부반송파 내에 포함된 모든 심볼들은 직교 시퀀스로 구별된다. IS-OFDM은 주파수 다이버시티 특성을 가지며 간섭에 강하다. 시스템의 성능분석은 협대역 간섭과 하모닉 잡음 환경에서 각각 BER 성능을 분석하였다. 협대역 간섭에 대한 성능분석 결과, 일정한 대역폭의 협대역 간섭인 경우는 JSR(jamming to signal power ratio)이 -10∼+10 dB로 증가할 때, 낮은 JSR에서는 IS-OFDM이 우수하며, JSR이 증가되면 그 성능차가 작아진다. 그리고 일정 JSR에서 협대역 간섭의 대역폭이 증가할 때도 역시 유사한 성능특성을 보인다. 하모닉 잡음에 대한 성능분석 결과 또한 JSR이 0 dB인 하모닉 잡음의 조밀도 h-rate이 0.01∼0.8로 증가할 때 위의 결과들과 유사한 성능특성을 나타낸다. 그러므로 IS-OFDM의 성능이 일반 OFDM보다 간섭에 강건함을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.515-523
• /
• 2016

Spectral reflectance is sparse in space, and while the traditional spectral-reconstruction algorithm does not make full use of this characteristic sparseness, the compressive sensing algorithm can make full use of it. In this paper, on the basis of analyzing compressive sensing based on the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, a new algorithm based on the Dice matching criterion is proposed. The Dice similarity coefficient is introduced, to calculate the correlation coefficient of the atoms and the residual error, and is used to select the atoms from a library. The accuracy of Spectral reconstruction based on the pseudo-inverse method, Wiener estimation method, OMP algorithm, and DOMP algorithm is compared by simulation on the MATLAB platform and experimental testing. The result is that spectral-reconstruction accuracy based on the DOMP algorithm is higher than for the other three methods. The root-mean-square error and color difference decreases with an increasing number of principal components. The reconstruction error decreases as the number of iterations increases. Spectral reconstruction based on the DOMP algorithm can improve the accuracy of color-information replication effectively, and high-accuracy color-information reproduction can be realized.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• 제24권1E호
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2005

This paper addresses issues encountered in measuring the general, 6-degree-of-freedom motion of a human head, A complete mathematical description for measuring the head motion using the six-accelerometer configured bite-bar is suggested, The description shows that the six-axis vibration cannot be completely obtained without the roll, pitch and yaw angular velocity components, A new method of estimating the three orthogonal (roll, pitch and yaw) angular velocities from the six acceleration measurements is introduced. The estimated angular velocities are shown to enable further quantitative error analysis in measuring the translational and angular accelerations at the head. To make this point clear, experimental results are also illustrated in this paper. They show that when the effects of angular velocities are neglected in the head vibration measurement the maximum percentage errors were observed to be more than $3 \%$ for the angular acceleration of the head and to be close to $5 \%$ for its translational acceleration, respectively. It means that the inclusion of all the angular velocity dependent acceleration components gives more accurate measurement of the head vibration.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.319-327
• /
• 2011

An iterative technique based on orthogonal filters and frequency tracking is proposed to estimate harmonic components in power systems. The technique uses frequency interpolation to estimate fundamental frequency and harmonics when the nominal frequency of the signal is a non-integer value. Due to the number of computations involved during the generation of filter coefficients, an offline computation is suggested. Beneficial features of the proposed technique include fixed sampling rate and fixed data window size. The performance of the proposed technique is examined by simulating different power system operating conditions and evaluating the data from these simulations. A technique based on Fast Fourier Transform is also used to estimate the harmonic components for all the simulated signals. These estimates are compared with those obtained from the proposed technique. Results show that the proposed technique can converge to the accurate fundamental frequency and therefore, provide accurate harmonic components even when the fundamental frequency is not equal to the nominal frequency.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.631-642
• /
• 2009

The sun is a useful reference direction because of its brightness relative to other astronomical objects and its relatively small apparent radius as viewed by spacecrafts near the Earth. Most satellites use solar power as a source of energy, and so need to make sure that solar panels are oriented correctly with respect to the sun. Also, some satellites have sensitive instruments that must not be exposed to direct sunlight. For all these reasons, sun sensors are important components in spacecraft attitude determination and control systems. To minimize components and structural mass, some components have multiple purposes. The solar cells will provide power and also be used as coarse sun sensors. A coarse Sun sensor is a low-cost attitude determination sensor suitable for a wide range of space missions. The sensor measures the sun angle in two orthogonal axes. The Sun sensor measures the sun angle in both azimuth and elevation. This paper presents the development of a model to determine the attitude of a small cube-shaped satellite in space relative to the sun's direction. This sensor helps small cube-shaped Pico satellites to perform accurate attitude determination without requiring additional hardware.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제66권3호
• /
• pp.285-294
• /
• 2018

An experimental study has been carried out to analyze the effect of cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed and depth of cut) and tool nose radius on the surface roughness and the cutting force components during hard turning of the AISI 52100 (50 HRC) steel with a ceramic cutting tool. The tests have been conducted according to the methodology of planning experiments, based on an orthogonal plan of Taguchi (L27). By using the response surface methodology (RSM), the components of the cutting force and the roughness of the machined surface were modeled and the effects of the input parameters were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and RSM. The results show that the feed (f), the tool nose radius (r), the cutting speed (Vc), the interaction between feed and tool nose radius ($f{\times}r$) as well as that of the quadratic effect ($f^2$) all have significant effects on the surface roughness (Ra). The feed is the most influencing factor with a contribution of 47.31%. The components of the cutting force were strongly influenced by the depth of cut, followed by the advance with a lower degree. By comparing the experimental values with those predicted by the models of the cutting force components and the surface roughness, it appears that they are in very good correlation.