• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제10권
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• pp.95-131
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• 1983

Index is a systematic guide to items contained in, or concepts derived from, a collection, Thus, it is represented as a paired set of index terms (t) and documents (D) : I= {(t,D) vertical bar t .mem. V, D .mem. W), where V is index vocabulary and W is document collection. Indexing is the process of analysing the informational content of records of knowledge and expressing the informational content in the language of the indexing system. It involves: 1) Selecting indexable concepts in a document; and 2) expressing these concepts in the language of the indexing system (as index entries): and an ordered list. Indexing process involves technical, semantic and syntactic problems. Technical problems are related to the accuracy of indexing, which is primarily governed by the indexer's ability of analysing subject, identifying indexable concepts, and coding. The proper levels of indexing exhaustivity, and index language specificity are also significant factors affecting the quality of index. Semantic problems are related to the choice of index terms and the form in which they should be used. Equivalent, hierarchical and affinitive/associative relationships of index terms are involved. Syntactic problems are largely related to the coordination of index terms. This process of coordination arises from the need to be able to search for the intersection of two or more classes defined by terms denoting distinct concepts. Finally, most valuable aspects of alphabetical subject indexing theories and practices are derived from those of Cutter, Kaiser, Ranganathan, Coates, Lynch and Austin, and discussed in details.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2007년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.336-339
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• 2007

기존의 데이터베이스 관리시스템(DBMS)은 스트림 데이터에 대한 연속질의를 고려하지 않고 설계되었기 때문에, 환자 모니터링 시스템과 같은 스트림 기반 응용에서의 요구를 만족하기 위해서는 새로운 질의 모델이 요구된다. 환자 모니터링 시스템은 혈압과 온도와 같은 다양한 유형의 생체 정보가 처리되어야 하며, 생체 센서로부터 측정된 생체 정보는 스트림으로 처리되어야 한다. 이 논문에서는 환자 모니터링 시스템에서 사용 될 수 있는 모든 형태의 질의를 4가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 그리고 이러한 4가지 유형의 질의를 표현 할 수 있는 새로운 슬라이딩 윈도우 질의 모델을 제안하였다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2014

In this paper, we first will show that for any space X and any Wallman sublattice $\mathcal{A}$ of $\mathcal{R}(X)$ with $Z(X)^{\sharp}{\subseteq}\mathcal{A}$, (${\Phi}^{-1}_{\mathcal{A}}(X)$, ${\Phi}_{\mathcal{A}}$) is the minimal quasi-F cover of X if and only if (${\Phi}^{-1}_{\mathcal{A}}(X)$, ${\Phi}_{\mathcal{A}}$) is a quasi-F cover of X and $\mathcal{A}{\subseteq}\mathcal{Q}_X$. Using this, if X is a locally weakly Lindel$\ddot{o}$f space, the set {$\mathcal{A}|\mathcal{A}$ is a Wallman sublattice of $\mathcal{R}(X)$ with $Z(X)^{\sharp}{\subseteq}\mathcal{A}$ and ${\Phi}^{-1}_{\mathcal{A}}(X)$ is the minimal quasi-F cover of X}, when partially ordered by inclusion, has the minimal element $Z(X)^{\sharp}$ and the maximal element $\mathcal{Q}_X$. Finally, we will show that any Wallman sublattice $\mathcal{A}$ of $\mathcal{R}(X)$ with $Z(X)^{\sharp}{\subseteq}\mathcal{A}{\subseteq}\mathcal{Q}_X$, ${\Phi}_{\mathcal{A}_X}:{\Phi}^{-1}_{\mathcal{A}}(X){\rightarrow}X$ is $z^{\sharp}$-irreducible if and only if $\mathcal{A}=\mathcal{Q}_X$.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.517-530
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• 2008

본 논문은 시간의 흐름에 따라 일정한 간격으로 관측된 시계열자료에 대한 통계적인 관계를 추정하기 위하여 삼각퍼지수를 이용한 퍼지시계열모형을 소개한다. 모든 관측치를 포함하는 전체집합을 분할하는 구간을 자료의 빈도수에 따라 결정하고 연속되는 두 시점에서 퍼지수가 일치하는 경우에는 관측된 자료의 차에 대한 정보를 이용하여 제안된 퍼지시계열모형을 추정한다. 예제를 이용하여 제안된 퍼지시계열모형의 정확성을 일반적인 시계열모형과 여러 가지 방법으로 추정된 퍼지시계열모형과 비교한다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.365-377
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• 2009

In this feature article, we briefly review the new methods we have utilized recently in the investigation of morphology and phase behavior of block copolymers. We first describe the chromatographic fractionation method to purify block copolymers from their side products of mainly homopolymers or block copolymer precursors inadvertently terminated upon addition of the next monomer in the sequential anionic polymerization. The chromatographic method is extended to the fractionation of the individual block of diblock copolymers which can yield the diblock copolymer fractions of different composition and molecular weight, which also have narrower distributions in both molecular weight and composition. A more detailed phase diagram could be constructed from the set of block copolymer fractions without the need of acquiring many block copolymers each prepared by anionic polymerization. The fractions with narrow distribution in both molecular weight and composition exhibit better long-range ordering and sharper phase transition. Next, epitaxial relationships between two ordered structures in block copolymer thin film is discussed. We employed the direct visualization method, transmission electron microtomography(TEMT) to scrutinize the grain boundary structure.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2011

한국의 고속철도에 승객의 안전과 편의를 제공하기 위하여 열차 내에 IT기술 및 센서 기술을 적용한 시스템의 개발을 연구하였다. 열차 내 화장실은 밀폐된 공간으로 외부의 도움이 필요한 상황이 발생하더라도 승객 스스로가 요청하기 전까지 외부에서는 승객의 상황을 확인하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 화장실 내에 개인의 프라이버시를 침해하지 않으면서도 응급상황 발생 시 센서를 통하여 외부에서 이를 감지하고 조치를 취할 수 있는 시스템의 개발내용을 정리하였다. 시스템의 요구사항을 분석하고 이를 통해 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였으며, 테스트 계획을 세우고 모의테스트를 진행함으로써 시스템의 작동상태를 확인하였다. 개발된 시스템은 향후 열차 화장실뿐만 아니라 다양한 곳에 설치하여 활용이 가능할 것이다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.661-669
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an efficient soft-output signal detection method for spatially multiplexed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The proposed method is based on the ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC) algorithm, but it significantly improves the performance of the original OSIC algorithm by solving the error propagation problem. The proposed method combines this enhanced OSIC algorithm with a multiple-channel-ordering technique in a very efficient way. As a result, the log likelihood ratio values can be computed by using a very small set of candidate symbol vectors. The proposed method has been synthesized with a 0.13-${\mu}m$ CMOS technology for a $4{\times}4$ 16-QAM MIMO system. The simulation and implementation results show that the proposed detector provides a very good solution in terms of performance and hardware complexity.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2009

The objective of this research was to analyze the determinants of demand for residential settlements in rural societies. A significant aspect of the demand analysis was to consider depopulation classification as a moderating variable with a view to its role as an essential dividing factor of socioeconomic characteristics and physical environments of the areas of concern. The data collection for analysis was divided according to types of depopulation into the three categories of less developed, stagnated, and developed areas. For the cause and effect analysis between the residential demand and factors of settlement, the ordered probit model was applied. Significant determinants of settlement demand unfolded according to depopulation types. In the case of less developed areas, residential demand was affected significantly by the factors of daily life convenience and public facilities. Key settlement demand determinants of stagnated regions included the aspects of basic natural environment, daily life convenience and education. Meanwhile, key settlement demand determinants for developed areas included education and agriculture economic aspects. The importance-performance analysis was also applied to a set of settlement characteristics of rural communities to figure out the settlement factors requiring urgent endeavor to improve.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2021

According to 「Hwangnyongsa Temple Central Column Record」 among the remaining documents, under reconstruction the pagoda of Hwangnyongsa&s 9th floor was completed in July 872 on the lunar calendar. At that time, King Kyeongmun worried about sarira under its central column, saying the central column does not move, and then He ordered to lift the central column. So his servants lifted it on November 6th 872 and checked the sarira and put it back on November 25th on the lunar calendar. 「Hwangnyongsa Temple Central Column Record」 did not document how to lift the central column which is tens of meters. therefore, this study inferred the way the central column of the pagoda of Hwangnyongsa was lifted in 872, left as a mystery. For that, this study set various hypotheses and it researched and analyzed hoisting technique that is a way to lift the pagoda of Hwangnyongsa and a column. In conclusion, this study inferred the most suitable hoisting technique for the pagoda of Hwangnyongsa at that time, based on the research and analysis of each chapter.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2019

Background: Quality ratings could provide vital information to help people in choosing a nursing home. Purpose: This study investigated factors aligned with quality ratings of nursing homes. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional descriptive design to assess publicly available data on 1,354 nursing homes with 30 or more beds in the Republic of Korea. After excluding 289 nursing homes with no reported quality-evaluation ratings, we analyzed the 2015 data of 1,065 nursing homes. To prevent multicollinearity among independent variables, we carefully selected the final set of variables based on clinical and theoretical meaningfulness to direct nursing care. Quality, the ordinal outcome, was scored from 1 to 5 with a higher score indicating higher quality of the organization. We constructed a multivariate ordered logistic regression model. Results: Higher quality ratings of nursing homes was significantly related to the number of unoccupied beds (OR=0.99, p=.024), registered nurses (RNs) (OR=1.30, p=.003), qualified care workers (OR=1.03, p=.011), cognitive-improvement programs (OR=1.05, p=.024), and other programs for residents' activities (OR=1.09, p<.001). Conclusion: The number of RNs had the strongest influence on the publicly reported quality rating, while the rating of qualified care workers demonstrated little effect and that of nursing assistants had no effect. The number of RNs could be used as a crucial indicator for high-quality homes; more resident-engaging programs also demonstrated better quality of nursing home care.