Early results from a field trail of Agathis loranthifolia are reported from a progeny test of 100 open-pollinated families in west Java, Indonesia. The average of height and diameter at root collar (DRC) was 40.18 cm and 0.52 cm at age 15 months. Family survival rate ranged from 86.5% at age 10 months to 81.7% at age 15 months. Family means of 10 best and 10 poorest families for each trait indicated that there was a large difference of growth performances among individual families. For height and DRC growth, the poorest groups had averages of 33.98 cm and 0.43 mm while the averages of the best groups were 47.35 cm and 0.62 mm at age 15 months as a difference of 39.36% and 43.65%, respectively. Differences between the best group and the test population mean, which is the selection differential, were implying that genetic gain from selection for the improvement of height and DRC growth would be achieved. The family variances of DRC and height were relatively small compared to replicate and residual variances. Family heritabilities for both studied traits were fluctuated, and the genetic coefficients of variation for DRC and height at age of 15 months were 7.19% and 5.22%, respectively.
Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
/
v.15
no.2
/
pp.102-108
/
2013
To understand the relationship of growth and water use efficiency (WUE) between superior and inferior families from open-pollinated progenies of P. densiflora, two families (one superior and one inferior families) in two open-pollinated progeny test sites were selected using volume growth at 26 years. And we compared environmental factors and WUE which was calculated from measured ${\delta}^{13}C$ in the wood. The ${\delta}^{13}C$ change during the last 20 years showed steady decrease and same pattern as WUE in the fertile site, while there was an inverse relationship between ${\delta}^{13}C$ and WUE in poor site, indicating an interaction between gene and environment. The superior family showed higher WUE than inferior family in poor site, indicating efficient stomatal control of the former under water stress. Water use efficiency calculated by carbon isotope composition can be used as a selection criterion for drought tolerance families in open-pollinated progenies of P. densiflora.
We conducted QTL mapping for 6-year growths of open-pollinated half-sib progenies from a selected clone 7-1037 in Pinus taeda. With an AFLP marker analysis on haploid DNA samples from the megagametophytes of the open-pollinated seeds, we constructed 20 framework maps spanning a total of 1,869 cM in total length and 18.5 cM in an average interval length between markers. Composite interval mapping reveals that one QTL explains 5.9% of the total phenotypic variation of height, and three QTLs account for 3.9~5.6% of the variation of diameter at breast height (DBH). There are no correlations between the QTLs. The genetic effects of the QTLs are 39.6 cm in height and 7.20~9.41 mm in DBH, respectively, The average effects of gene substitution of the markers closely linked with the QTLs are 44.3 cm in height and 8.38~11.81 m in DBH. Under an assumption that the within-family heritability for the growth traits of loblolly pine is less than 0.2, the QTLs account for 26.8% of the additive genetic variance of the progenies. In terms of relative selection efficiency, the individual selection based on QTL markers could be 5 times as high as phenotypic selection. The results in this study indicate that the QTL mapping method with open-pollinated half-sib family could be more practical and applicable to the conventional seed orchard-based selection work than other mapping methods with a single full-sib family, in particular from the viewpoint that it can provide crucial information for within-family individual selection such as breeding value.
Chung, Dong-Jun;Shin, Man Yong;Jang, Yong-Seok;Chon, Sang-Keun
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
/
v.90
no.1
/
pp.124-132
/
2001
This study was conducted to reveal the relationship between physiological characteristics and growth by family for open-pollinated progeny stand of Korean white pine in Gapyung site. Average growth performance of total 25 families for 18 years old progeny stand in this study site showed 5.9m in mean height, 8.9cm in mean DBH, $12.0m^2$ in basal area per hectare and $46.5m^3$ in volume per hectare, respectively. By the analysis result of growth performance for all 25 families, family No. 20 showed the most excellent growth and middle in family No. 10. On the other hand, family No. 3 represented the worst growth among the 25 families. The change of seasonal photosynthesis rate by increasing luminous intensity was the same tendency as the growth pattern of all 25 families and showed the same results in all four seasons. In the seasonal analysis, the photosynthesis rate was increased as the season has changed from winter to summer. Chlorophyll contents was also increased from winter to summer. Especially, family No. 20 which is the best in growth performance has more chlorophyll contents than the others. In addition, family No. 20 was also better than other families in the weight of assimilation tissue(g), length of needle(cm), width of needle(cm), and number of Stoma. However, in water utilization rate, family No. 3 which is the worst in the growth performance showed the best result that is reverse tendency compared with the photosynthesis rate. The changes of water utilization rate represented to be increased as the season has changed from winter to summer.
This studies were conducted to compare ozone sensitivity among half-sib families of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.). 90 families were exposed in walk-in type chambers to charcoal-filtered air and 100 ppb ozone for 8 hours daily, 5 consecutive months. We surveyed the foliar injury, Relative DRC (diameter at root collar) growth and relative dry weight after fumigation. After 5 months of exposure, foliar injury ranged from 1.9% at tolerant group to 15.2% at sensitive group. Relative DRC growth rates showed increased 12% at tolerant group, but reduced 23% at sensitive group. Total dry weight increased 17% at tolerant group, otherwise reduced by 33% at sensitive group, relative to the control. The root biomass showed more sensitive than the other part biomass. On the basis of the results of these screening studies, families Kangwon 04, 16, 26, 27 and 73 were determined to be tolerant; Kangwon 40, 52, 83, Gyeonggi 01 and Gyeongbuk 20 to be sensitive to ozone. Considerable genetic variation in ozone responses occurred, as shown by differences in sensitivities among families and among groups. These results indicate that tolerant groups of P. densiflora exhibited a high degree of resistance to ozone pollution injury.
This study was conducted to select superior families based on the open-pollinated (OP) progeny tests of P. densiflora. A total of 232 OP families were analyzed for relative height growth. The OP progeny test trials were established at 1 to 4 sites from 1975 to 1987. To minimize temporal and spatial variation, we applied the standardization method for family selection. In each progeny test, superior and inferior families were selected at ages of 10, 20 and 30. Relative height growth rate (RHGR), growth speed at a given time unit, was comparatively high at age of 10 with range from 0.1 to 0.6 and showed a large variation among families. However, after age 15, the RHGR was low (average 0.04) and also the variation was not significantly different among families. To reduce selection errors due to age differences (from age 23 to 35) of tests, we made the family selection after age 15 when the values of RHGR were stable. Height growth at each age was transformed to be height growth at age 35 based on the RHGR. As the results, family CB2, CB3, KW99 and KW2 were selected as superior families and KW158, KW22, KB40 and GG1 were considered as inferior ones, respectively. Rank correlations (r) between test ages and selection age 35 were high and statistically significant; r = 0.881 between age 30 and 35, 0.653 between age 20 and 35, and -0.222 between age 10 and 35.
We conducted this study to compare physiological response according to growing conditions between superior and inferior family of Pinus densiflora. In 1981, open-pollinated (OP) progenies of P. densiflora were planted in Chuncheon (CC) and Naju (NJ). We selected KW2 as a superior family and KW23 as a inferior family based on volume index among 30 OP progenies. We calculated general combining ability of each 30 OP progenies in each sites, and compared family growth rank. We collected needles of selected families in CC and NJ, and analyzed chlorophyll content, nitrated reductase (NR) activity, nitrogen content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) acitivity. In CC, chlorophyll content and nitrogen content were more in needles of KW2 than those of KW23. In NJ, KW2 showed higher NR activity than KW23, and according to site, families in CC showed higher NR activity than those in NJ. SOD activities of both families were higher in NJ, and KW23 showed higher activity than KW2 in both sites. Consequently, inconsistency of the growth performance of two families was caused by different genetic and physiological responses.
Progeny tests of Abies holophylla were established with 32 open-pollinated families at Hwaseong and Gangneung in 1994. Growth characteristics (height, DBH and volume index) were measured at the age of 15, showing that Gangneung site showed in general better performance than Hwaseong site. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the growth characteristics showed that there was a significant difference among families in Gangneung but not in Hwaseong, and Hwaseong site showed that DBH and volume index were statistically different among replications. At Gangneung site, family ${\times}$ replication interaction was significant in DBH and volume index. Based on the combined analysis of both sites, all characteristics except height showed highly significant differences between sites and among families. On the other hand, family ${\times}$ replication interaction was not significant, implying that growth pattern of families could be similar at Gangneung and Hwaseong. Individual heritabilities ($hi^2$) at Gangneung were 0.485 in height, 0.611 in DBH and 0.538 in volume index, and the values of $hi^2$ at Hwaseong were 0.121 in height, 0.054 in DBH and 0.080 in volume index, respectively. Based on both sites, $hi^2$ was estimated as 0.204 in height, 0.326 in DBH and 0.238 in volume index. Individual heritabilities (0.054~0.611) were lower than family heritabilities (0.089~0.723) for all growth characteristics. Realized gain was estimated to be 2.5% in height, 9.2% in DBH and 23.6% in volume. When inferior families (about 50% of all families) are genetically thinned from a seed orchard, genetic gain would be 9.55% in height, 17.0% in DBH and 46.8% in volume.
Chon, Sang-Keun;Shin, Man Yong;Chung, Dong-Jun;Jang, Yong-Seok
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
/
v.90
no.1
/
pp.105-112
/
2001
This study was carried out to analyze the genetic variation and to estimate both heritabilities and genetic gains for height and diameter growth of 20-year-old open-pollinated progenies of Korean white pine in three different sites. For there, analysis of variance for both height and diameter growth was conducted to see if there exist significant differences among families, sites, blocks, and their interactions exist or not and to analyze the variance components for each factor. Mean height and diameter at Gapyeong site were 7.65m and 11.92cm, respectively. they were 7.42m and 11.35cm at Gwangiu site, 6.13m and 8.41cm at Youngdong site, and 7.12m and 10.68cm for the overall sites. The family No. 20 showed the most excellent growth of 7.99m in mean height and 12.14cm in mean diameter for all sites surveyed. The estimates of heritabilities for individual-tree and family were, 0.35~0.73 and 0.65~0.83 for height growth, and 0.12~0.40 and 0.46~0.75 for diameter growth, respectively. For the combined data from all the sites, the estimates of individual tree heritability were 0.60 for height and 0.20 for diameter, and those of family were 0.91 for height and 0.77 for diameter. Heritability estimates varied with testing sites, and those for height were higher than those for diameter in all sites. Given equal intensity of selection, combined selection method provided the most efficient genetic gains for both height and diameter growth.
Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
/
v.16
no.4
/
pp.285-296
/
2014
The impacts of high temperature and drought were studied on the seedlings of three families (superiorgangwon74, intermediate-gangwon77 and inferior-gangwon132) of P. densiflora which had been selected by the based on the growth indexes of 32-year-old. The seedlings were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers with combinations of four temperatures ($-3^{\circ}C$, $0^{\circ}C$, $+3^{\circ}C$$+6^{\circ}C$; based on the monthly average for 30 years in Korea) and two water conditions (control, drought). The growth performance, photosynthetic parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents were measured at every 30 days under four temperatures and drought condition, and the end of each treatment. The superior family showed higher relative diameter at root collar growth rate and the dry weight than intermediate and inferior family in all treatments. Under elevated temperature and drought condition, growth rate was decreased, and seedlings showed lower growth rate than that of control in three families under low temperature. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of three families decreased with the increase of temperature and drought condition, and that of seedlings under low temperature was lower than control. But under elevated temperature and drought condition, water use efficiency increased in three families. Photosynthetic pigment contents of leaves decreased under the increase of temperature and drought condition, but chlorophyll a/b ratio increased with the increase of temperature and drought condition in three families. The superior family showed higher total chlorophyll content than intermediate and inferior family in all treatments. In conclusion, P. densiflora is under changed temperature and drought condition, growth was decreased, seedlings more affected in elevated temperature than that of decreased temperature. The increase in monthly average temperature in Korea of more than $6^{\circ}C$, P. densiflora seedling growth in depending on region may decrease. In this study, the superior family(gangwon74) showed more excellent growth and physiological responses than intermediate (gangwon77) and inferior(gangwon132) family under changes temperature and drought.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.