• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제41권8호
• /
• pp.761-772
• /
• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 수공학 분야에서 수치해석이 난해한 문제를 해결하기 위한 모형을 개발하고, 해석해가 존재하는 다양한 수치실험, 즉 하상과 하폭이 함께 변하는 점변부정류 조건에서의 검증, 하상경사가 변화하는 세가지 정상상태 조건의 문제, 그리고 해석해가 있는 마찰하상에 적용함으로써 개발된 모형의 적용성을 검증하기 위한 것이다. 모형의 지배방정식은 보존 법칙을 만족하는 Saint-Venant 적분형 방정식이며, Riemann 해법에 의한 유한체적법이 사용되었다. 질량 및 운동량의 흐름율 계산에 HLL Riemann 근사해법이 사용되었고, 시간-공간에서 2차정확도를 위하여 MUSCL-Hancock 기법이 사용되었다. 본 연구에서는 비선형의 흐름율과 생성항과의 균형을 위하여, 중력과 흐름방향 하폭의 변화로 인한 정수압력에 의한 생성항을 차분하는 새롭고 간편한 기법을 소개하였다. 수치실험 모의결과는 개발된 모형이 생성항을 포함한 다양한 흐름조건에서 정확하고, 견고하며, 매우 안정적임을 보여주고, 또한 수공학 분야에서 일차원 적용에 적합한 모형임을 보여준다.

• 한국실천공학교육학회논문지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 '실천공학기술자 실태조사 및 개선방안' 연구과제의 일환으로 수행되었으며, 그 목적은 실천공학기술자 양성을 위한 타당한 교육목표 설정과 실천공학기술자 및 교수의 핵심역량 등을 진단, 평가하고 전문적이고 타당한 판단의 합의를 도출함으로써 우리나라 대표적인 실천공학 중심대학인 한기대의 교육발전 전략을 탐색하는데 있다. 주요 조사내용은 타 공과대학과의 차별화를 위한 방향, 실천공학기술자의 핵심역량, 실천공학기술자를 양성하기 위한 핵심 커리큘럼, 실천공학기술자 양성을 위한 교수의 핵심역량, 한기대의 정체성 확립을 위한 발전전략등 5개 부문이다. 연구방법은 델파이를 적용했는데 패널은 한국실천공학교육학회 이사, 한기대 교수 및 외부전문가로 구성된 32인이 선정되어 조사에 참여하였다. 델파이 조사는 3회에 거쳐 실시되었으며, 1차 조사에서는 개방형 설문지를 통해 5개 부문에 대한 제안사항을 연구진이 73개 문항으로 정리하였다. 그 문항들을 2차와 3차 설문지로 개발하여 이메일을 통해 배부, 회수한 후 각 항목에 대한 적합성이나 필요성 등을 5단계 리커트 척도로 평정, 연구결과를 산출하고 분석하였다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제11권10호
• /
• pp.81-92
• /
• 2013

Purpose - This study empirically analyzes the effect of improvements in the quality of service management performance of college education on traders' conscious change of business management innovation and diverse sales expertise for a year. The use of traders' conscious changes and sales expertise as variables for the verification of the effects of parameters related to the active trader's traditional education market is a desirable direction. The method of research reflects the quality of education service, management result, traders' conscious changes, and sales expertise to understand the precise essence and definition of teaching quality at merchant colleges through theoretical consideration. Moreover, its impact on traders' conscious changes and sales expertise in empirical analysis acts as an intermediary. Research design, data, methodology - The hypothesis of this study leverages the SPSS statistical program. To gather actual proof, sample survey for theoretical research examined 262 valid papers of the 300 papers written by 10 merchants who graduated from merchant's university. First, using the SERVQUAL model, Parasuraman et al. (1996) indicated that for quality of education service, the configuration of factors is the same as the sympathetic performance, that is, responsiveness and empathy, and traders are aware of these elements. However, our preliminary investigation revealed that traders' university education has been excluded as a component of quality of service in the earlier studies. Moreover, we found that certainty of knowledge, reliability, and sympathy are influenced by challenges and by the changing intentions of merchant consciousness. In addition, our study confirms that improvements in convincing abilities and sales technique have a positive impact. Second, merchants' and traders' expertise are proven to affect business performance. In other words, university education of traders and merchants affects the consciousness of consumers, and changes patterns of sales. Third, the quality of service management education and change in the consciousness has a considerable impact on the trader, thereby maximizing business performance and acting as an intermediary for verification. Fourth, the quality of service management education affects the trader's sales expertise to maximize business performance. Results - To summarize, the quality of college educational services relates to the improvement of business performance and the role of the resulting virtuous cycle. Consequently, we can look for suggestions in the traditional markets, where the Government pays attention to the exterior environmental factors as well as to the changing business environment. However, the most important aspect is the merchant awareness. That is, a merchant should understand the distribution environment. Several competitor and trend analyses should be conducted to meet customers' expectations positively and proactively cope with any challenges related to changes. Further, expertise in sales and marketing skills need to be acquired to improve customer convincing abilities and develop a customer-oriented mindset. Conclusions - According to the changes in consumption trends of business enterprises, new management techniques are required to survive competition by improving traditional markets, which will necessitate more competitive education programs in merchant universities.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.615-624
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 배양초기 pH 조건이 F. succino- genes의 섬유소 부착과 섬유소 소화에 미치는 영향을 보고자 실시하였다. 선정된 specific primer를 이용하여 F. succinogenes의 genomic DNA로부터 445bp의 16S rDNA 절편을 증폭하여 205bp의 internal control을 제작하였고, cPCR 결과로부터 박테리아 수를 계산할 수 있는 표준곡선의 회귀식($r^2$>0.99)을 얻을 수 있었다. In vitro 배양초기 pH에 따른 F. succ- inogenes의 cellulose 부착을 cPCR로 모니터링한 결과, 발효과정 전 기간동안 초기 pH가 6.8과 6.2일 때 cellulose 건물 g당 부착 균주의 수가 pH 5.6일 때 보다 높았으나, pH 6.8과 6.2 사이에서는 큰 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). Cellulose 분해는 배양시간이 진행됨에 따라 증가 되었으며, 분해 정도는 pH가 증가함에 따라 더 높았다. 배양초기 pH가 6.8, 6.2 그리고 5.8일 때 48시간동안 감소한 pH는 각각 0.24, 0.58 그리고 0.16 이었다. 가스 생산량은 발효 시간이 경과함에 따라 pH가 높을수록 더 많았다. 결론적으로 발효 초기 pH는 F. succinogenes에 의한 cellulose 소화, 가스 생산, pH 변화 및 cellulose 부착에 큰 영향을 주었으며, 특히, 낮은 pH(5.8)에서는 섬유소 소화 및 박테리아 부착을 현저한 감소 시켰다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 2011

목적: 골성 방카르트 병변의 여러 가지 치료 방법 중 관절경적 재건술에 대하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 대략적으로 설명하기로 한다. 대상 및 방법: 견관절 전방 불안정성의 치료에 있어 관절경적 복원술의 임상결과 향상으로 개방적 수술보다 관절경적 수술을 더욱 선호하게 되었고 점차 표준 치료법으로 인정받게 되었다. 그러나 관절와의 골 결손이 있는 경우 골 결손의 정도를 측정하는 방법은 연구자에 따라 다양하며 관절경적 복원술의 방법 또한 지속적 발전과 함께 다양하게 소개되고 있다. 결과: 골 결손의 관절경적 재건술 중 방카르트 병변의 이열 봉합술은 일열 봉합술의 단점을 보완하여 보다 견고한 고정과 해부학적 복원을 위해 최근에 소개되었으나 앞으로 많은 증례와 장기간 추시를 통해 그 결과가 입증되어야 할 것이다. 또한 관절경을 이용한 오구돌기 이전술, 즉 Bristow-Latarjet 술식 등 여러 가지 방법이 시도되고 있다. 결론: 전방 불안정성 환자의 관절경적 치료 방법은 다양하게 시도되고 있으며 지속적인 발전을 거듭하고 있다. 성공적인 결과를 얻기 위해서는 수술 전 환자의 골 결손 상태를 정확히 파악해야 하며 치료와 연관된 술 중, 술 후 요소들을 잘 알고 있어야 한다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2011

조성경사법을 이용하여 LMO/IBAD-MgO template 상에 EDDC 증착법을 이용하여 $Sm_{1+x}Ba_{2-x}Cu_{3+y}O_{7-d}$ 초전도 박막을 증착하였다. 테이프 형상의 기판상에 길이방향으로 $Sm_{1+x}Ba_{2-x}Cu_{3+y}O_{7-d}$ 박막의 조성비가 연속적으로 변하는 샘플을 얻을 수 있었고, 비접촉 Hallprobe를 이용하여 임계전류를 측정한 결과 조성비에 대응하는 연속적인 임계전류분포를 측정할 수 있었다. 본 조성비 영역 중 Sm:Ba:Cu = 1.01:1.99 :4.87의 조성비에서 최대의 임계전류를 보였다. 이 조성비에서 SmBCO 박막표면에 전체적으로 roof tile 형상의 결정립들이 관찰되었으며 국소적으로 2차상들이 관찰되었다. 조성 경사법을 이용하면 광범위한 조성비영역에서 신뢰도 높은 초전도특성, 결정배향성, 박막표면 형상 등을 조사할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제30권12호
• /
• pp.1232-1236
• /
• 1997

미만성 간질성 폐질환의 진단은 임상소견, 기관지폐포 세척액 검사, 경기관지 생검 그리고 폐생검등이 이용되고 있다. 확진을 위해서는 폐생검을 하여야 하며 흉강경을 이용한 폐생검이 흉강내를 자세히 관찰하여 적절한 위치을 선정할 수 있고 개흉적 폐생검보다 수술후 통증이 적음으로 해서 합병증이나 입원기간을 단 축하는 장점이 있다 중앙대학교 의과대학 흉부외과 교실에서는 1994년 4월부터 1996년 12월까지 미만성 간질성 폐질환 환자 22 명에서 흉강경을 이용한 폐생검을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 남녀비는 14:8로 남자에서 많았고 평균연령은 54.6세, 연령분포는 60대가 7례로 가장 많았다. 2. 생검부위는 좌우폐비가 6:20로 우측에서 많았으며, 부위별로는 우하엽이 13례, 우상엽이 4례, 우중엽이 3 례, 좌상엽이 3례 좌하엽이 3례로서 우하엽이 많았으며 한부위에서만 시행한 환자가 \ulcorner례, 2군데서 시행한 환자가 4례 있었다. 3. 수술전후 폐기능검사는 WC, FEVI, FEV1/PVC에서 의미있는 변화는 없었다. 4. 생검결과 통상성 간질성 폐렴이 8례로 가장 많았고 그 다음 속립성 결핵에 의한 것이 4례, 전이성 암성 폐질환이 3례, 박리성 간질성 폐렴, 기질화된 폐렴을 동반한 폐쇄성 기관지염이 각각 2례, 기타 유육종증, 범세기관지염, 기관지 확장증이 각각 1례씩 있었다. 결론적으로 미만성 간질성 폐질환 환자에서 확진을 위한 흉강경을 이용한 폐생검은 폐기능이 나쁜데도 불구 하고 안전하고 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.89-95
• /
• 2017

Background and Objectives : High-speed videolaryngoscopy (HSV) is the only technique that captures the true intra-cycle vibratory behavior of the vocal folds by capturing full images of the vocal folds. However, it has problems of no immediate feedback during examination, considerable waiting time for digital kymography (DKG), recording duration limited to a few seconds, and extreme demands for storage space. Herein, we demonstrate a new post-processing method that converts HSV images to two-dimensional digital kymography (2D-DKG) images, which adopts the algorithm of 2D videokymography (2D VKG). Materials and Methods : HSV system was used to capture images of vocal folds. HSV images were post-processed in Kay image-process software (KIPS), and conventional DKG images were retrieved. Custom-made post-processing system was used to convert HSV images to 2D-DKG images. The quantitative parameters of the post-processed 2D-DKG images was validated by comparing these parameters with those of the DKG images. Results : Serial HSV images for all phases of vocal fold vibratory movement are included. The images were converted by the scanning method using U-medical image-process software. Similar to conventional DKG, post-processed 2D DKG image from the HSV image can provide quantitative information on vocal fold mucosa vibration, including the various vibratory phases. Differences in amplitude symmetry index, phase symmetry index, open quotient, and close quotient between 2D-DKG and DKG were analyzed. There were no statistical differences between the quantitative parameters of vocal fold vibratory movement in 2D-DKG and DKG. Conclusion : The post-processing method of converting HSV images to 2D DKG images could provide clinical information and storage economy.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2000

Now in order to overcome the weakest points of the rural areas of the city of Kimje and, transform them into rural cultural villages which have local governing systems suitable to new localization age and activate this plan, we selected Daesan Village as a model village which had shown a lot of potentials in the basic research and studied it dividing it into the former part and the latter part. We studied Daesan village in the former part focusing on state analysis and basic ideas and in the latter part focusing on master plan and detail planning. We can summarize the conclusion like the followings. 1. Daesan Village located 8 kilometer away from the downtown Kimje and the city of Iksan respectably has comparatively good environment of good sunny place as an open field whose surrounding configuration of the ground consists of farming lands and low hills in front and rear. It has 38 farming households in all. 2. Human environment(인문환경); the village road whose width is about 4 meters is forming a flow system forking off into three. There is a route bus which operates three times a day even into the inside of the village. The main sources of revenue are vegetables in facilities, fruits and floriculture. Their average revenue is about 10.5 million won. 3. Here in DaeSan Village a legend dealing with Teasan literally meaning a big mountain consist of th village's tradition and you can see the tombs of a very faithful son and Anwi an army general in the age of the Japanese Invasion of Korea of 1592 to 1598 inside the village. 4. 85 out of the eitire population 141 whose age are over 20 showed very positive attitudes in a questionnaire about, making the village a cultural one and its development. 5. The basic of planned ideas is to increase the revenue of the farming household by making the village a professional farming one which has a state-of the-art production facility and agricultural technique. It is to make the village the one where people can enjoy the sense of the rural life and the farmer can enjoy their lives through consumptive and consistant leisure and resting activities. 6. We are planning to make entrance space, life space, rest and sport space, and cultural space considering the characteristics of the village and the demand of the resident. We are also planning to make tile entire city of Kimje an information transmitting base in short and long term perspectives. 7. DaeSan Village was planned as a place where tradition and the future exist together. On the basis of this concept we planned future programs for Daesan Village and in the latter part of the study master plans and detail plans will be continued.the regional agricultural condition. The development permissions were only during the period of restricted to use ($1979.12{\sim}1993.11$). We propose that the authority of development permission should be given to the local autonomy government, because the local government has the knowledge of its individual agricultural conditions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 1975

Authors have reviewed the records of seven patients of multiple rib fractures with severe flail chest who were admitted to Hanyang University Hospital during the 3 years period from 1972 through 1975. Of the seven patients studied, automobile accidents led to the injuries in 4 cases, two patients were injured in fall from a tree and on the ox-heading. All who had a blunt trauma without any open wound on the chest. The numbers of the fractured ribs accounted for 6 to 9 of the ribs including double fractures from 3 to 5 ribs. The left side fractures occurred in the 6 patients and in the right only one patient. Thus the flail segment was more often located in the left antero-lateral position than in the right lateral position [the ratio was 6:1].. All cases had associated injuries. The injuries and multiple fractures were the most common associated injuries occurring in four and five of the patients respectively. The patients were classified as having associated head injuries when they were admitted in comatose or semicomatose state. When a major degree of instability of the thoracic cage exists, adequate respiratory change is not possible. For this reason the tracheostomy was performed in five patients in an acutely injured patient with flail chest only after an endotracheal tube has been inserted or after an endotracheal suction. All patients had secondary complications in the pleural cavity, such as hemothorax or hemopneumothorax with or without intrapulmonary hemorrhage and subcutaneous emphysema. Therefore, closed thoracostomy was performed in five patients in the emergency room. The thoracotomy was required in four patients: immediate operation without closed thoracostomy was performed in two patients and the thoracotomy was indicated in two patients after closed thoracostomy, because of increasing intrathoracic hemorrhage. As to the fixation of the flail segments, authors employed two techniques; one was towel clip traction of the flail segments and the other was intramedullary insertion of Kirschner`s wire in to the double fractured rib fragments for the fixation of the flail segments [Kirschner`s wire fixation]. Because` of an different results in the course of treatment between two techniques, data from patients with towel clip traction was compared with those from patients with thoracotomy and Kirschner`s wire fixation of the flail segments. Of the three patients with towel clip traction, two patients required bronchoscopic toilet due to lung atelectasis which developed because of inadequate motion of thoracic cage and poor expectoration. This was in contrast to the four patients with thoracotomy and Kirschner`s wire fixation, who didn`t these complication because of adequate motion of the thoracic cage and subsequent good expectoration.