• 기술혁신연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.55-76
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• 2020

한국에서 전통적인 과학기술인력 직업군의 경계는 빠른 속도로 허물어지고 있다. 한편으로는 지식기반경제의 등장과 확장으로 과학기술이 전통적 활용영역을 넘어 확산됨에 따라 과학기술인력 역시 다양한 융합분야로 진출하고 있으며, 동시에 고학력 인구의 비중에 비해 고급 직종의 비중이 상대적으로 낮은 데에서 기인한 하향취업이 그러한 경향을 가속화시킨다. 이 논문에서는 박사급 이공계 인력에 초점을 맞추어 직업구성의 변화 추이를 살펴보고 그 결정요인을 실증적으로 분석하고자 한다. 구체적으로, 관련 직종을 전통적 과학기술직업군과 기타 직업군으로 나누어 그 비중의 변화를 도출하며, 이러한 직업구조의 변화에 대한 영향요인을 분석한다. 분석에는 과학기술정책연구원의 '2012 박사인력활동조사' 데이터를 활용하였다. 분석 결과는 이공계 박사인력의 직업구성에 뚜렷한 변화가 일어나고 있음을 보여준다. 직업다변화는 공학보다는 이학 분야에서, 공공보다는 민간 분야에서, 그리고 신규 세대일수록 더 빠르게 진행되고 있었다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2023

Occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry are statutory and separately included in the cost statement to prevent occupational accidents and health problems. The expenses are determined by multiplying the standard amount by the rate decided according to construction types and scales. However, the current expense appropriation method does not properly reflect the recent changes in the construction industry such as industry size, industry diversification, and social atmosphere about safety reinforcement. This study surveyed 1579 questionnaires in total and analyzed expense execution rate and proportion of each expense category. The expense execution rate was relative higher in complex construction (e.g., heavy construction = 126%, civil engineering = 125%) and long-period project (equal to or over 48 months construction = 133%) compared to general construction (98~116%) and short-period project (less than 48 months construction = 115%). The proportion of spending expenses was higher in the category of safety manager labor costs (25~52%), safety facility costs (22~40%), and personal protective equipment costs (10~25%). The analysis results of the study can be utilized in revising the standard expense appropriation method by reflecting the current usages of the occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2013

Background: In times of continuous change and volatile markets, organizations are increasingly characterized by downsizing, work intensification, and resource rationalization. This has resulted in diversification, and the emergence of newrisks within the field of occupational health and safety, with an important impact. This paper focuses on one such type of risk in the modern workplace-psychosocial risks. The current study aimed to explore stakeholder perspectives, regarding the extent to which psychosocial risks are incorporated into strategic risk management practices, at both the business and policy level. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 professionals, representing employer, expert, policy maker, and trade union stakeholder perspectives. Results: It was found that the majority of organizations do not sufficiently, if at all, understand and incorporate psychosocial risks into strategic decision making, whereby the key barrier related to practical difficulties of not knowing how to manage psychosocial risks adequately. Conclusion: The study found that there is a need to close the gap between policy and practice on a number of levels. Future recommendations comprise a policy framework and infrastructure underpinned by educational initiatives, partnerships, and networks to drive a shift in attitudes toward recognizing the duality of the concept of risk (including both potential negative and positive outcomes) and moving beyond simple regulatory compliance.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the jobs of paramedics who are diversifying by deriving duties in accordance with occupational group-related laws, although they are not directly specified in the job description of paramedics or the Emergency Medical Act. Methods: This study selected four paramedics who randomly extracted participants that submitted consent to participate between March 2023 and October 2023. Their occupational groups were the Korea coast guard and air rescue, health centers, and industries; they met on September 19, 2023, and directly transcribed the recorded contents through a three-and-a-half-hour focus group interview for analysis. Results: In the results, although the job description was not directly specified in the job description or emergency medical law, five areas of work applied to practice were derived: "rescue," "administration," "education," "industry," and "tactical." Conclusion: To expand jobs according to the diversification of the occupational field of paramedics, job analysis of paramedics belonging to various occupations is required.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2012

연구개발 활동의 다양화와 융합화에 따라 실험실에서 다양한 종류의 화학물질의 취급 사용과 함께 실험실의 수행업무도 복잡 다양해져 잠재위험이 크다. 또한, 실험조건이 극한의 온도와 압력 하에서 수행되는 경우가 많아 화재폭발 사고 등으로 인명 피해가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대학과 연구기관의 실험실에서 화학물질 사용현황과 특성을 파악하여 실험종사자들의 안전성 확보를 위한 조사 도구로서 실험실 설문지를 개발하였다. 개발된 설문지를 이용하여 연구기관과 대학을 대상으로 전자우편과 방문조사로 화학물질 사용량과 폐기량 및 실험실 환경에 대한 인식도 조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 설문지 자료는 엑셀로 빈도 분석을 하여 실험실 사고예방 대책수립을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2014

Flexible production system has been expanded to all sectors of economy with the change of labor market and diversification of employment. The unstable employment with irregular work has replaced stable employment with regular work. This study has investigate the impact pathway of the type of employment on health status especially ill-health symptoms experiences. Among the first Korean Working Conditions Survey data, the employee's response data was used to analyze the path way with multiple regression analysis. The result has shown the direct effect of the type of employment on ill-health symptoms experience. Indirect effect of the type of employment was found the pathway via the exposure to noise, high temperature, low temperature, dust, skin contact to chemicals, painful posture, heavy material handling, standing position, repetitive movement of hands. However the exposure to the other hazardous factors such as organic solvent, wholebody vibration, radiation, lifting people, infectious materials were not influenced by the type of employment.

• 한국노년학
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 2014년 국민생활시간조사 자료를 통해 한국인의 연령별, 지역별 생활시간 사용형태에 대한 라이프스타일 유형을 규명하기 위한 기초자료를 마련하기 위함이다. 2014년 국민생활시간조사 자료 중 주 행동의 시간만을 사용하여 삼각형 모델에 제시된 필수유지시간, 의무시간, 자유시간 총 3가지 영역으로 구분하여 연령별 및 지역별로 비교 분석하였다. 연령별 라이프스타일 유형에서 10대, 20대, 50대는 합리적 생활추구형, 30대, 40대는 성취추구형, 60대, 70대, 80대 이상은 소극적 현실직시형을 차지하였다. 지역별 라이프스타일 활동 시간 중 필수유지시간은 전북, 의무시간은 울산, 자유시간에서는 강원이 가장 많은 시간을 차지하였다. 연령별 만족도는 연령이 높을수록 삶에 대한 만족도가 높았고, 지역별 만족도는 대전이 삶에 대한 만족도가 가장 높았으며 울산이 가장 낮았다. 라이프스타일 유형별 삶에 대한 만족도는 합리적 생활추구형, 성취추구형, 소극적 현실직시형 순으로 만족도 점수가 높았다. 앞으로의 연구에서 생애주기별 접근과 여가의 특징에 따른 분류, 라이프스타일 유형 세분화를 통해 라이프스타일 유형에 대한 체계적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2021

Objectives: Laboratories have various latent physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomical factors according to the diversification and fusion of research and development activities. This study aims to investigate the chemical exposure concentrations of college laboratories and evaluate their health risks, and use them as basic data to promote the health of college students. Methods: The sampling and analysis of harmful chemicals in the air in laboratories were performed using Method 1500 of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)의 Method 1500. The harmful chemicals in the laboratories were divided into carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic chemicals. Risk assessment was performed using the cancer risk (CR) for carcinogenic chemicals and using the hazard index (HI) for non-carcinogenic chemicals. Results: The harmful chemicals in college laboratories consisted of acetone, diethyl ether, methylene chloride, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylenes. They showed the highest concentrations in laboratories A (acetone 0.001~2.34ppm), B (chloroform 0.95~6.35ppm), C (diethyl ether 0.08~8.68ppm), and D (acetone 0.07~14.96ppm). The risk assessment result for non-carcinogenic chemicals showed that the HI of methylene chloride was 2.052 for men and 2.333 for women, the HI of N-hexane was 4.442 for men and 5.05 for women. Thus, the HI values were higher than 1. The risk of carcinogenic chemicals is determined by an excess cancer risk (ECR) value of 1.0×10^-5, which means that one in 100,000 people has a cancer risk. The ECRs of chloroform exceeded 1.0×10^-5 for both men and women, indicating the possibility of cancer risk. Conclusion: College laboratories showed the possibility of non-carcinogenic health risks for methylene chloride, n-hexane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, and xylenes, and carcinogenic health risks for chloroform, methylene chloride. However, this study used the maximum values of measurements to determine the worst case, and assumed that the subjects were exposed to the corresponding concentrations continuously for 8 hours per day for 300 days per year. In consideration of the nature of laboratory environment in which people are intermittently exposed, rather than continuously, to the chemicals, the results of this study has an element of overestimation.