• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.397-403
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the immediate effects of five toed shoes on foot structure. Subjects consisted of 26 college-aged women with pes planus. X-ray analysis of student feet were performed both barefooted and with five toed shoes. Dependent variables were hallux valgus angle, calcaneal inclination angle, 1st metatarsal declination angle, and intermetartarsal angle. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis along with SAS. Overall, there were statistically significant changes of test subject's dependent variables when wearing five toed shoes. Specifically, the hallux valgus angle decreased, the calcaneal inclination angle and 1st metatarsal inclination angle increased, and intermetatasal angles both increased and decreased, shifting towards normal range. In every case the dependent variables shifted towards a more normal range while subjects wore five toed shoes. This study only examined the immediate corrective effects of five toed shoes on foot structure, but long-term studies are needed to understand the prolonged effects of five toed shoes on foot structure.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
• /
• pp.416-419
• /
• 2004

The kinetic energy during ship collision with bridge piers is released as the permanent deformations of structure and friction between the impact surfaces. So the ship collision energy is estimated from the equations of motions for ship-pier collisions which include the influence of the surrounding water, different impact angles and impact locations. The normal impact energy and tangent impact energy at a collision location and angle can be transformed into the normal impact force and friction force acting on the structure. Also the kinetic energy after collisions is calculated from the linear and angular impulse of ship collisions. The collision energy absorption system such as the protective structures for bridges is designed by evaluating the damage portions of ship and structure during the ship-structure collisions varying from the soft impact to hard impact and then the estimation of it will be suited for the design of protective measures.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.41-77
• /
• 2021

Let M be a semi-invariant submanifold of codimension 3 with almost contact metric structure (��, ξ, η, g) in a complex space form Mn+1(c), c ≠ 0. We denote by Rξ = R(·, ξ)ξ and A(i) be Jacobi operator with respect to the structure vector field ξ and be the second fundamental form in the direction of the unit normal C(i), respectively. Suppose that the third fundamental form t satisfies dt(X, Y ) = 2��g(��X, Y ) for certain scalar ��(≠ 2c)and any vector fields X and Y and at the same time Rξ is ��∇ξξ-parallel, then M is a Hopf hypersurface in Mn(c) provided that it satisfies RξA(1) = A(1)Rξ, RξA(2) = A(2)Rξ and ${\bar{r}}-2(n-1)c{\leq}0$, where ${\bar{r}}$ denotes the scalar curvature of M.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.1278-1281
• /
• 2013

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.1551-1558
• /
• 2014

The esterase gene Est8 from the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus sp. K91 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The monomeric enzyme exhibited a theoretical molecular mass of 24.5 kDa and an optimal activity around $50^{\circ}C$ at pH 9.0. A model of Est8 was constructed using a hypothetical YxiM precursor structure (2O14_A) from Bacillus subtilis as template. The structure showed an ${\alpha}/{\beta}$-hydrolase fold and indicated the presence of a typical catalytic triad consisting of Ser-11, Asp-182, and His-185, which were investigated by site-directed replacements coupled with kinetic characterization. Asp-182 and His-185 residues were more critical than the Ser-11 residue in the catalytic activity of Est8. A comparison of the amino acid sequence showed that Est8 could be grouped into the GDSL family and further classified as an SGNH hydrolase. Est8 is a new member of the SGNH hydrolase subfamily and may employ a different catalytic mechanism.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.894-898
• /
• 2011

The first example of lead compound from $Pb(NO_3)_2$ and $H_3L$ N-heterocyclic ligand $(H_3L\;=\;(HO_2C)_2(C_3N_2)(C_3H_7)CH_2(C_6H_4)(C_6H_3)CO_2H)$, $[Pb_4(L')_4]{\cdot}5H_2O$ 1 (L' = OOC$(C_3H_7)(C_3N_2)CH_2(C_6H_4)(C_6H_3)COO)$, has been obtained under hydrothermal condition by decarboxylation, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGDTA, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 possesses a rare two-dimensional upper-lower offset terrace-like layer structure. In 1, crystallographic distinct Pb(II) ion adopts five-coordination geometry, and two lattice water molecules occupy the voids between 2-D layers. Results of solid state fluorescence measurement indicate that the emission band 458 nm may be assigned to $\pi^*-n$ and $\pi^*-\pi$ electronic transitions within the aromatic systems of the ligand L', however, the emission bands centred at 555 nm, 600 nm and 719 nm may be derived from phosphorescent emission ($\lambda_{excitation}$ = 390 nm).

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2018

지하구조물에 주로 발생하는 탄산화는 콘크리트 내부의 공극수의 pH감소에 따라 부식을 유발할 수 있으므로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 이산화탄소로부터 표면을 보호하는 간단한 표면 보수방법을 통하여 구조물의 내구수명의 연장이 가능하다. 기존의 결정론적 유지관리 기법과는 다르게, 확률론적 유지관리 기법에서는 내구수명의 변동성이 고려될 수 있으나 정규분포만 다루고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정규분포 이외에 로그분포를 고려할 수 있는 수명-확률분포를 유도하였으며, 이를 기초로 다양한 수명-확률분포 함수를 고려한 보수비 산정기법을 제안하였다. 제안된 기법은 초기의 내구수명 분포 또는 보수재를 통하여 연장된 내구수명 분포가 정규 또는 로그분포를 가질 경우 목표내구수명의 연장에 따라 확률론적 기법을 통하여 보수비를 평가할 수 있다. 보수를 통한 내구수명이 로그분포를 가질 경우 효과적으로 보수비를 감소시킬 수 있으며, 장기 실험 또는 실태조사를 통하여 내구수명 분포가 정의될 수 있다면 더욱 합리적인 유지관리 계획을 수립할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제10권11호
• /
• pp.303-308
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 지진하중에 대한 구조물의 동적해석 과정에서 실제적이고 신뢰성 있는 확률 통계적 지진응답 결과를 얻기 위해 로그정규분포 기반 지진응답 도출 방안을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 미국지질조사국(USGS)에서 제시한 로스앤젤레스 지역 지진재해도에 따라 50년 동안의 발생 초과확률이 2%, 5%, 10%인 30개 지진데이터들을 활용하였다. 해석 대상으로서는 기본적인 동적거동 파악을 위해 단자유도계를 선정, 이의 고유진동주기 별 응답을 나타내는 응답 스팩트럼을 도식하여 응답 추이를 분석하였다. 최종적으로 도출된 로그정규분포 기반 응답의 경우 기존의 정규분포 기반 응답에 비해 모든 고유주기 영역에서 상대적으로 낮은 응답을 보였다. 제안된 로그정규분포 기반의 지진응답 평가는 성능기반내진설계를 위한 경제적 평가 방식으로서의 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2022

The iron and steel sector is caught between two worlds: "carbon reduction" and "development." The goal of this study is to show that optimizing asset structure to boost intangible assets, particularly brand assets, is a viable strategy to achieve low-carbon development. This study uses panel data from 38 A-share companies in China's iron and steel industry from 2010 to 2020, as well as World Brand Lab data, to create a comprehensive impact index of enterprise value from the standpoint of an asset structure optimization, and to test the impact of intangible assets and brand equity on enterprise value. The findings show that: the asset structure of iron and steel enterprises is closely related to enterprise value, implying that iron and steel industry development necessitates a transformation of quantity control and quality improvement; the proportion of intangible assets in the asset structure of iron and steel enterprises plays a positive and critical role in enterprise value under surplus conditions. The iron and steel industry begins to shift from tangible to intangible assets; there is heterogeneity in the iron and steel industry transformation. Given certain technological levels, the share of brand assets contributes significantly to the increase in enterprise value.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2002년도 학술논문발표회
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2002

This paper is intended to verify the efficiency of anti-freeze agent and insulating form by analyzing the temperature history and the property of strength-increase about the concrete that is placed in the insulating form and normal form, using new type anti-freeze agent in batcher plant According to the results about the temperature history, while the lowest temperature shows 3$^{\circ}C$ in case of normal concrete + euroform, 4$^{\circ}C$ in case of normal concrete + insulating form, it shows 6$^{\circ}C$ in anti-freeze agent + the insulating form, so the effect is most favorable. The compressive strength with mixing anti-freeze agent or not, shows high in order of standard curing, structure-managing and open air-placed specimen and the concrete mixing anti-freeze agent shows the highest compressive strength-increase.