• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.369-373
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• 2002

The waste-water from the industry for production of a soybean curd (the soybean curd waste-water) was investigated to use for the substrate to produce the endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1 used as one of well known microbial pesticides. The pH of the soybean curd waste-water was 9.8 and its chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and phosphate (TP) were 276.0, 71.1 and 5.5mg/$\ell$, respectively. The higher was the concentration of the soybean curd waste-water in the medium, the more endotoxin was produced. Maximal sporulation occurred at which concentration of $K_2$HPO$_4$in the medium supplied with the soybean curd waste-water was 1% (w/v). Production of the endotoxin with the optimized medium supplied with the soybean curd waste-water was 1.5 times higher than that without the soybean curd waste-water. The soybean curd waste-water was found to be suitable substrate for production of the endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

The optimal growth condition of in vitro stem cutting of Dendrobium nobile 'Hamana Lake Dream' ${\times}$ 'No. 55' was investigated. Among various media and their concentrations, MS media had better effect on the growth of micro stem cutting than Hyponex media in all concentration levels except stem length. The activated charcoal concentration in MS media showed different effects on number of stem and root, leaf length, and fresh weight: the most effective in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g/L and barely effective above 2.0 g/L. Addition of agar 5 g/L, sucrose at 40 g/L, and peptone at 1 g/L to MS media increased significantly stem length, leaf width, and fresh weight, internode length and number of roots, and the number of stem and leaves. On the other hand, addition of gelite with any concentration had no effect on the growth of micro stem cutting compare to that of control. The optimal temperature for growth of micro stem cutting was $28^{\circ}C$. Under the same temperature, MS medium was better than Hyponex medium for the growth of stem. In addition, sucrose at 40 g/L was the most effective on growth at $28^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2001

Various pretreatment procedures and selective media were applied to assess the optimal conditions for the isolation of rare actinomycetes from soil. Pretreatment of wet-heating for 15 min at 70$^{\circ}C$ and phenol treatment of soil suspension were the most effective methods for the isolation of these microorganisms. Hair hydrolysate vitamin agar (HHVA) was the most suitable medium for the recovery of rare actinomycetes. Thirty-five rare actinomycete strains were chosen using selective isolation approaches, then morphological and chemical properties of the isolates were determined. The isolates belonged to one of the following genus, Micromonospora, Microbispora, Actinoplanes and Streptosporangium.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.841-844
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• 2001

Free radicals cause many diseases and aging. In our body coexist useful and harmful bacteria. Some useful intestinal bacteria such as L. plantarum, B. adolescentis, B .bifidum, B. infantis, C. butyricum were presented positive growth in culture medium bearing natural products. L. plantarum was more effectively grown by mixed natural products of CORNI FRUCTUS+THEAE FOLIUM+COPTIDIS RHIZOMA+PAEONIA JAPONICA, B. adolescentis was BEIAMCANDA CHINENSIS+ANGELICAE GIGANTIS RADIX+EPIMEDII HERBA+PAEONIA JAPONICA, B. bifidum was NELUMBO NUCLFERA GAERTNER+THEAE FOLIUM+BEIAMCANDA CHINENSIS+CORNI FRUCTUS, B. infantis was THEAE FOLIUM+CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L.+ASTRAGALI RADIX+EPIMEDII HERBA, C. butyricum was EPIMEDII HERBA+PUERARIAE RADIX+NELUMBO NUCLFERA GAERTNER+PAEONIA JAPONICA,etc. These natural products will support an important role in bio-industry.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.249-252
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• 2003

Maximal production of heteropolysaccharide-7(PS-7) with a batch culture for 48 hr was $10.0\;g/{\ell}$ and its conversion rate from 2% (w/v) glucose to PS-7 was 50%. After substitution of media, production of PS-7 continued and reached its maximal production. The highest productivity occurred when the fresh medium, which contained all ingredients, for the production of PS-7 was substituted. Higher production of PS-7 was maintained at a dilution rate of 0.0125, which was established as the optimal dilution rate for the production of PS-7 by B. indica HS-2001.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2001

A kerosene fungus of Cladosporium resinae NK-1 was examined for its ability to degrade individual n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and its organic solvent-tolerance was investigated by making use of the water-organic solvent suspension culture method. It grew on a wide range of solvents of varying hydrophobicities and it was found to have tolerance to various kinds of toxic organic solvents (10%, v/v) such as n-alkanes, cyclohexane, xylene, styrene, and toluene. A hydrocarbon degradation experiment indicated that NK-1 had a greater n-alkane degrading ability compared to that of the other selected strains. C. resinae NK-1, which could utilize 8-16 carbon chain-length n-alkanes of medium chain-length as a carbon source, could not assimilate the shorter chain-length n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons tested so far. The n-alkane degrading enzyme activity was found in the mycelial extract of the organism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling Conference
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• 2001.05b
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• pp.121-125
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• 2001

For the probiotic feed production, aerobic liquid fermentation of pulverized food wastes was attempted with a yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. After grinding finely, optimal fermentation conditions of the substrate was investigated by shaking culture. The most active growth of the yeast was shown at solid content of 10%. The proper addition of urea(0.5g/l), o-phosphate(0.4g/l), molasses(4g/l), and yeast extract (1g/1) increased cell growth rate and viable cell count. For optimizing, the nutrients were all added to substrate and fermentation was carried in 2 litre jar fermenter. For the stimulation of hydrolyzing enzyme excretion, mixed culture with Aspersillus oryzae was also conducted. In 12 hours of fermentation, viable cell count of the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus amounted to the number of 1.4 $\times$10$^{10}$ /1 in the culture medium.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1796-1804
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• 1998

A numerical investigation has been performed to discuss the radiation-affected steady-laminar natural convection induced by a hot inner cylinder under a large temperature difference in the annuli filled with a gray gas. To examine the effects of thermal radiation on thermo-fluid dynamic behaviors in the eccentric geometry, the generalized body-fitted coordinate system is introduced while the finite volume method (FVM) is used for solving the radiative transport equation. After validating the numerical results for the case without radiation, the detailed radiation effect has been discussed. Based on the results of this study, when there exists a large temperature difference between two cylinders, the existence of radiatively participating medium is found to incur a distinct difference in fluid dynamic as well as thermal behavior.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 1995

Safflower is natural red dye largely used for dyeing on cotton. It contains yellowish safflower yellow and reddish carthamin, whose constitution is known. Safflower yellow is water-soluble dye and carthamin is solved in alkaline condition. Carthamon obtained by adding acidic solution to a carthamin shows the original hue of safflower. In present study, the dyeing behavior of natural dye known as safflower are examined in an aqueous acidic medium by use of the different dyeing methods such as traditional, modern and purifide-powder method. The relationship between the dye-uptake of cotton fabric investigated by the three methods and the various dyeing conditions is discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1999

Chitosan and Algin are known as a natural polymers. Biodegradable films were prepared by solution blend method in the weight ratio of natural polymer(low, medium, high-Chitosan, Algin) for the purpose of useful bioimplants. The possibility of bioimplants, which were prepared from natural polymers as a skin substitute and food wrapping materials were evaluated by measuring biodegradability. This biodegradable films were inserted in the back of rats and their biodegradability was investigated by hematological change evaluation as a function of time to biotransformation. It was found that these values of biodegradable films give some good results with short period test.