• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.141-149
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• 2024

Pediatric obesity has rapidly increased globally over the past few decades, including in Korea. We aimed to discuss trends in the prevalence of pediatric obesity and effective prevention strategies. Its prevalence has markedly increased in most high-income nations. According to recent reports, this increase has slowed in developed countries, but the levels remain alarmingly high. In Korea, the rate of pediatric obesity has surged notably since the 1990s; however, since the 2000s, this increase has become more gradual. According to recently published 2017 growth charts, the prevalence of pediatric obesity in Korea varies slightly depending on the data source. The National School Health Examination data showed that pediatric obesity gradually increase from 11.5% in 2014 to 15.1% in 2019, and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it sharply increased to 19% in 2021. Based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence of pediatric obesity gradually increased from 10.8% in 2017 to 13.6% in 2019. This trend, which accelerated sharply to 15.9% in 2020 and 19.3% in 2021, was especially severe in boys and older children. Pediatric obesity not only affects health during childhood but also increases the risk of developing obesity and associated health conditions in adulthood. Despite ongoing research on treatment options, obesity prevention and control remain challenging. Hence, prioritizing early intervention and prevention of pediatric obesity through healthy eating habits and lifestyles is crucial. This requires intervention at the individual, family, school, and community levels.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2022

Background/Aims: Endoscopic visualization of the microscopic anatomy can facilitate the real-time diagnosis of pancreatobiliary disorders and provide guidance for treatment. This study aimed to review the technique, image classification, and diagnostic performance of confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). Methods: We conducted a systematic review of CLE in pancreatic and biliary ducts of humans, and have provided a narrative of the technique, image classification, diagnostic performance, ongoing research, and limitations. Results: Probe-based CLE differentiates malignant from benign biliary strictures (sensitivity, ≥89%; specificity, ≥61%). Needle-based CLE differentiates mucinous from non-mucinous pancreatic cysts (sensitivity, 59%; specificity, ≥94%) and identifies dysplasia. Pancreatitis may develop in 2-7% of pancreatic cyst cases. Needle-based CLE has potential applications in adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, and pancreatitis (chronic or autoimmune). Costs, catheter lifespan, endoscopist training, and interobserver variability are challenges for routine utilization. Conclusions: CLE reveals microscopic pancreatobiliary system anatomy with adequate specificity and sensitivity. Reducing costs and simplifying image interpretation will promote utilization by advanced endoscopists.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2024

Owing to a lack of appropriate biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and treatment, psychiatric disorders cause significant distress and functional impairment, leading to social and economic losses. Biomarkers are essential for diagnosing, predicting, treating, and monitoring various diseases. However, their absence in psychiatry is linked to the complex structure of the brain and the lack of direct monitoring modalities. This review examines the potential of electroencephalography (EEG) as a neurophysiological tool for identifying psychiatric biomarkers. EEG noninvasively measures brain electrophysiological activity and is used to diagnose neurological disorders, such as depression, bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia, and identify psychiatric biomarkers. Despite extensive research, EEG-based biomarkers have not been clinically utilized owing to measurement and analysis constraints. EEG studies have revealed spectral and complexity measures for depression, brainwave abnormalities in BD, and power spectral abnormalities in schizophrenia. However, no EEG-based biomarkers are currently used clinically for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The advantages of EEG include real-time data acquisition, noninvasiveness, cost-effectiveness, and high temporal resolution. Challenges such as low spatial resolution, susceptibility to interference, and complexity of data interpretation limit its clinical application. Integrating EEG with other neuroimaging techniques, advanced signal processing, and standardized protocols is essential to overcome these limitations. Artificial intelligence may enhance EEG analysis and biomarker discovery, potentially transforming psychiatric care by providing early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and improved disease progression monitoring.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 2024

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by muscle pain, tenderness, and trigger points. Ultrasonography has emerged as a key tool for diagnosing and treating MPS owing to its ability to provide precise, minimally invasive guidance. This review discusses the use of ultrasonography in various approaches to evaluate and manage MPS. Studies have shown that shear-wave sonoelastography can effectively assess muscle elasticity and offer insights into trapezius stiffness in patients with MPS. Ultrasound-guided interfascial hydrodissection, especially with visual feedback, has demonstrated effectiveness in treating trapezius MPS. Similarly, ultrasound-guided rhomboid interfascial plane blocks and perimysium dissection for posterior shoulder MPS have significantly reduced pain and improved quality of life. The combination of extracorporeal shockwave therapy with ultrasound-guided lidocaine injections has been particularly successful in reducing pain and stiffness in trapezius MPS. Research regarding various guided injections, including dry needling, interfascial plane blocks, and fascial hydrodissection, emphasizes the importance of ultrasonography for accuracy and safety. Additionally, ultrasound-guided delivery of local anesthetics and steroids to the quadratus lumborum muscle has shown lasting pain relief over a 6-month period. Overall, these findings highlight the pivotal role of ultrasonography in the assessment and treatment of MPS.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.109-123
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• 2024

This study explored characteristics of Camp style as presented in the musical The Rocky Horror Show, analyzing its symbolic meanings through the lens of Greimas' semiotic square model. Camp style, known for its exaggerated expressions, irony, and fluid gender representations, plays a central role in challenging traditional gender norms and cultural binaries. This study begins by outlining the significance of The Rocky Horror Show in musical theater and pop culture, highlighting its impact on fashion and art. Through character and costume analysis, this paper examined four key features of Camp style: symbolism, gender fluidity, playfulness, and theatricality. The semiotic square model was applied to deconstruct complex relationships between these features, particularly focusing on contradiction and opposition. Research findings demonstrated how Camp's symbolic elements in costume design interacted with the narrative and character identities to convey deeper cultural and social meanings. This analysis provides insights into how Camp style functions as both a visual and cultural critique within the framework of the musical.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.1
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• pp.141-168
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• 2016

The research intends to analyse the life experiences of a Korean woman in Germany from the insider's view. Biographical data of A are analysed using Rosenthal's narrative-biographical interviews methode. Findings show that the life of A is in the process of 'becoming-work migrant woman', who jolts and 'deterritorializes' standard criteria of 'majority', which her colonize. Furthermore is analysed, that the 'becoming-work migrant women' as the construction of assemblage of 'becoming-worker', 'becoming-migrant', 'becoming-woman' is the fluid process of 'becoming-minority', which constructs constantly another assemblage of them, and is also the 'politics of difference' and the 'politics of becoming'. Based on the research results, some implications for social welfare practice are suggested.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-3
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• 2019

Objectives: "Exploring the origin of acupuncture medicine (針灸逢源)", a classical title of acupuncture medicine in the 19th century, has been reviewed with focus on its impact on the standardization of acupoint in the history of acupuncture medicine as an approach of yin-yang balancing medicine like the Temporomandibular joint Balancing Medicine. Methods: A narrative review of literature was performed with a focus on continuous development and revision of the knowledge system of acupuncture medicine in medical education and clinical application. Results: This title has provided a systematized knowledge on acupoint-acupuncutre including 361 acupoints, acupoint location, and acupoint-meridian association, which was adopted as a frame of core knowledge in modern acupuncture medicine. Critical review and rational reasoning on previously accepted but apparently incongruous strips of knowledge led to the accomplishment of this title. Conclusions: This title provided a revised and standard knowledge system in the field of medical education and clinical practice of acupuncture medicine, and also provided an exemplary model of unrelenting change and development of an approach based on the concept of yin-yang balance such as acupuncture medicine and the Temporomandibular joint Balancing Medicine.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.41-49
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• 2015

In spite of the registration on the world heritage in UNESCO the principal statue of Sakyamuni in Seokguram Grotto is considered that its worth doesn't reach to its fame. The exact name of the statue does not establish yet and the statue has insufficient of storytelling or narrative structure on it. Regarding these issues the statue need to enhance the real value of it. This study pursue reconsidering the status of the principal statue compare to general statue of the Buddha and searching for the originality and archetype as a Buddha in Seokguram Grotto. Descriptive method is adopted as a approach to this theme with preceding research analysis and reference research. As a result various alternatives are drew back as a countermeasure. One thing is a government leading system of research and development the other is it need to increase the fame of Sakyamuni statue in Seokguram Grotto with a n interdisciplinary approach in Korea.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.195-206
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• 2006

The computer game industry has managed to become the fastest growing segment of the entertainment industry nowadays. However, only a very low number of computer game products manage to cover the costs of production and generate earnings. According to traditional marketing wisdom, customers' preferences are a core issue in creating successful products, and the design process in game is crucial for guaranteeing garners' satisfaction. This research aimed to explore key design factors for the game design based on the new framework of the usability evaluation. We examined the usability in Massively Multi-player Online Role-playing Games (MMORPGs) and reviewed literatures related to games simultaneously. We identified eighteen usability issues in MMORPG and presented its recommendation relevant to the issues. Moreover, the results of the study showed fifty four key design factors composed of game interface, game play, game narrative, and game mechanics for the game design. The research is concluded with key implications to support the early stage of the design process in game.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.sup1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

Research articles were reviewed to validate the estimated energy requirements (EERs) equations developed by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (IOM). These equations are based on total energy expenditure (TEE) measured by the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. We subsequently aimed to provide the basis for the suitability to apply the IOM equations as EER equations for Koreans, and develop relevant equations for EER in the Dietary Reference Intake for Koreans (KDRI). Additionally, besides the EER(IOM) equations, other equations were examined for EER estimation. Research papers demonstrating the validation of the EER(IOM) equations based on TEE(DLW) were searched through PubMed (up to September 2019). Of the 637 potentially relevant articles identified, duplicates and unsuitable titles and abstracts were excluded. Furthermore, papers with irrelevant subject and inappropriate study design were also excluded. Finally, 11 papers were included in the review. Among the reviewed papers, 8 papers validated the application of the EER(IOM) equations for EER based on TEE(DLW). These included 3 studies for children (USA 1, Korea 2), 1 for adolescents (Portugal), 2 for adults (Korean), and 2 for the elderly (Korea, USA). EER(IOM) equations were found to be generally acceptable for determining EER by using the DLW method, except for Korean boys at 9-11 yrs (overestimated) and female athletes at 19-24 yrs (underestimated). Additionally, 5 papers include the validation of other EER equations, beside EER(IOM) for EER based on TEE(DLW). In Japanese dietary reference intake and recommended dietary allowance, EER equations are acceptable for determining EER based on TEE(DLW). The EER(IOM) equations is generally acceptable for determining EER using the DLW method in Koreans as well as several populations, although certain defined groups were found to be unfit for the estimation. Additionally, the concept of healthy body mass index of Koreans and physical activity levels need to be considered, thereby providing the basis for developing relevant equations of EER in KDRI.