• Title/Summary/Keyword: myristic acid

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Valorization of refined sardine oil in canned Sardina pilchardus

  • Hind Mkadem
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.541-553
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    • 2024
  • This study aimed to use refined sardine oil as a covering juice in canned Sardina pilchardus. The oil's fatty acid profile, acidity, peroxide value, and p-anisidine value were analyzed. The biochemical composition, histamine content, and bacteriological stability of the canned sardines were determined. The results showed that canned sardines contained 51.40 g of moisture, 27.87 g of fat, 17.91 g of protein, and 1.03 g of salt per 100 g net weight. The fatty acid composition included 10.35% polyunsaturated fatty acids, 8.86% saturated fatty acids, and 6.27% monounsaturated fatty acids, with the most abundant fatty acids being eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), palmitic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This recipe provided 8.88 g/100 g (net weight) of EPA and DHA. These findings support the interest in using refined fish oil to enrich foods with essential marine fatty acids, highly recommended for their health benefits and leading to encouraging prospects for sardine canneries to develop new and nutritious value products.

Fatty Acid Composition of Different tissues of Spodoptera exigua Larvae and a Role of Cellular Phospholipase A2 (파밤나방 유충의 조직별 지방산 구성과 세포성 인지질분해효소의 역할)

  • Kim, Yonggyun;Lee, Seunghee;Seo, Seunghwan;Kim, Kunwoo
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.55 no.2
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    • pp.129-138
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    • 2016
  • Eicosanoids are a group of C20 oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). To monitor biosynthetic precursors of these PUFAs, this study extracted fatty acids from different tissues of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, and assessed their compositions using GC/MS. Fifth instar larvae were dissected to isolate different tissues of gut, fat body, hemocytes, and integument. From each tissue, total lipids were extracted and fractionated into neutral lipid (NL), glycolipid (GL), and phospholipid (PL). Most tissues contained palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), linoleic acid (18:2), and linolenic acid (18:3). However, their compositions were different among tissues and lipid types. Fat body and hemocytes possessed other type of fatty acids such as myristic acid (14:0) and three unknown fatty acids. Among lipid types, PL contained relatively high levels of linolenic acid than NL and GL, while it had lower saturated fatty acids. Total unsaturated fatty acid composition was varied among tissues and lipid types. PL was rich in unsaturated fatty acids in fat body, gut, and hemocytes. There was a significant influence of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) on maintaining fatty acid composition because RNA interference of iPLA2 expression significantly modified fatty acid compositions in NL and PL. However, this study did not detect arachidonic acid, a main eicosanoid biosynthesis precursor, in all tissues. This suggests an alternative biosynthesis of eicosanoids in insects, which is distinct from the biosynthetic pathway of mammals.

Serum Fatty Acid and Carnitine Levels in Obese Children with Fatty Livers (지방간이 동반된 비만아에서 혈청 지방산과 Carnitine 농도에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Jin Bum;Lee, Jae Won;Hong, Young Mi
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.45 no.9
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    • pp.1083-1089
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    • 2002
  • Purpose : The prevalence of obese children has recently increased. Obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. L-carnitine is an essential cofactor for the transport of long chain fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation. The purpose of this study is to measure serum free fatty acid and carnitine levels, and evaluate the role of L-carnitine as a therapeutic drug in obese children with fatty liver. Methods : Nine obese children, ranging from seven to 18 years of age, and 10 normal children were examined. Serum lipid(total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol) and fatty acid levels were analyzed. Serum total, free, and acyl carnitine levels were performed also by a new enzymatic cycling technique. Results : Long chain fatty acids(myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid)were significantly increased in obese children compared to the control group. Total, and acyl carnitine levels were significantly increased in obese children compared to the control group. Conclusion : Serum free fatty acid and carnitine levels were significantly increased in obese children with fatty liver compared to the normal control. This may suggest that L-carnitine can be used as antilipidemic agent to decrease fatty acid and lipid levels for obese children. Prospective studies will investigate serum fatty acid and carnitine levels after treatment of L-carnitine in obese children in the future.

Effect of Feeding Complex of Wild Chrysanthemum Powder, Probiotics and Selenium on Meat Quality in Finishing Porks (들국화분말, 생균제 및 Selenium 복합 급여가 비육기 돈육의 육질 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Jin, Sang-Keun;Kim, Il-Suk;Hur, In-Chul;Choi, Seung-Youn;Yu, Ki-Ok;Kim, Jin-Gun;Kang, Suk-Nam
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.114-120
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding complex of wild chrysanthemum powder, probiotics and selenium on meat quality in finishing pigs (LY×D). 25 pigs were randomly alloted to two treatments; C (basal diet), T (C diet added 0.3% wild chrysanthemum powder, 0.1% probiotics and 0.1% selenium). Pigs were slaughtered at approximately 110 kg final weight and chemical composition, physico-chemical characteristics, fatty acid composition and sensory test were measured in pork loin. Proximate composition, pH, water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force and color were no differences among the tested samples. Texture properties of hardness in treatment were significantly higher than the control (p<0.05). Fresh meat of overall acceptance and cooked meat of tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability in T were significantly higher than the control. Fatty acid compositions of myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, unsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid in T were significantly higher than the control.

Studies on the Lipid Composition in Three Species of Shellfish (3종(種) 패류(貝類)의 지질조성(脂質組成)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Son, Young Ock;Ha, Bong Seuk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.407-419
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    • 1983
  • In this study, the lipid components of three species of shellfish included oyster(Crassostrea gigas), top shell(Turbo cornutus) representing salt water shellfish and corb shell(Corbicula fluminea producta) representing flesh water shellfish were analysed and nutriontional significances were discussed. Analysed the total lipid composition, and the fatty acid and sterol composition of total lipid were determined. The lipid was fractionated into three lipid classes neutral, glyco and phospholipid by column chromatography. The fatty acid composition of each lipid class and sterols were determined by gas liquid chromatography. The lipid components of total lipid and neutral lipid were estimated by thin layer chromatography and TLC scanner. The results were as follows: Total lipid contents of shellfish were 1.8% in oyster, 0.4% in top shell and 4.0% in corb shell. The contents of total fatty acid in total lipid were 80.7, 71.2 and 73.2%; and the contents of unsaponifiable matters were 15.4, 18.1 and 23.1% respectively. Total lipids were mainly composed of triglycerides, polar lipid-pigments and sterols as major component, and hydrocarbon-esterified sterols were determined in each sample. The major fatty acids in total lipid were palmitic(37.0%), eicosapentaenoic(13.5%) and linoleic acid(11.2%) in oyster, Octadecatetraenoic(15.8%), palmitic(11.2%), oleic(8.6%) and linoleic acid(8.1%) in top shell, but palmitic(34.0%), linoleic(12.3%) and paimitoleic acid(9.8%) in corb shell. Particularly, the contents of eicosapentaenoic acid of oyster and top shell were higher than those of corb shell. Sterol composition from three species of shellfish were mainly consisted of cholesterol (42.7~64.0%), brassicasterol(15.6~24.7%) and 24-methylenecholesterol (4.7~21.9%). But sitosterol (5.3%) was detected only in oyster and 22-dehydrocholesterol(12.9%) was only in top shell. The contents of fractionated neutral lipid was commonly higher than that of polar lipid in each sample. Glycolipid and phospholipid in polar lipid showed similar in quantity. The neutral lipids were composed of triglycerides(33.0~36.7%), free sterols(25.7~31.2%), esterified sterol(12.4~23.7%) and free fatty acids(5.1~11.7%). The contents of triglycerides and free sterols were higher than those of free fatty acids and esterified sterols. The major fatty acids in neutral lipid were palmitic(28.4~26.4%) eicosapentaenoic(18.6~21.9%) and linoleic acid(9.0~5.4%) in oyster and corb shell but octadecatetraenoic(14.5%), eicosapentaenoic (13.5%) and palmitic acid(12.3%) in top shell. The major fatty acids in glycolipid were eicosenoic(10.2%), palmitic(12.1%) and linolenic acid (10.2%) in oyster, Eicosenoic(26.0%), octadecatetraenoic(14.6.%) and eicosadienoic acid(12.9%) in top shell. But eicosadienoic(21.4%) stearic(14.6%), octadecatetraenoic(8.5%) and eicosenoic acid(8.5%) in corb shell. The major fatty acids in phospholipid were myristic(16.0%), stearic(10.6%), eicosenoic(10.5%) and palmitic acid(10.3%) in oyster, Oleic(22.2%), stearic(20.7%) and linolenic acid (11.8%) in top shell but eicosapentaenoic(25.1%), myristic(8.7%) and arachidonic acid(8.3%) in corb shell.

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Studies on the Constituents of Seeds of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seemann (I)-On Fatty Acids and Sterols- (오갈피나무 종자(種子)의 성분(成分)에 관한 연구(硏究)(제1보)(第1報)-지방산(脂肪酸)과 Sterol 성분(成分)에 관하여-)

  • Kim, Chong-Won;Kim, Soon-Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.184-187
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    • 1987
  • Fatty acids and sterols were isolated from petroleum ether extract of seeds of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman. Fatty acids were obtained from the saponified fraction and sterols from nonsaponified fraction of petroleum ether extract. Fatty acids were identified by gas liquid chromatography, and its composition was myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The composition of sterols were determined by preparative TLC and gas liquid chromatography. It was confirmed to be a mixture of stigmasterol and βsitosterol. These fatty acids and sterols were not previously reported from seeds of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seemann.

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Studies on the Polymeric Surfactants (IV);Synthesis Activities of Sodium αSulfo Fatty Acid Allyl Ester Oligomers (고분자(高分子) 계면활성제(界面活性劑)에 관한 연구(硏究) (제(第) 4 보(報));나트륨 알파술폰 지방산(脂肪酸) 알릴에스테르 올리고머류(類)의 계면활성(界面活性))

  • Lee, Seung-Yeoll;Kim, Jin-Heon;Nam, Ki-Dae
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 1989
  • A series of four sodium αsulfo fatty acid allylester oligomers such as sodium αsulfo lauric acid allylester oligomer, sodium αsulfo myristic acid allyl ester oligomer, sodium αsulfo palmitic acid allyl ester oligomer and sodum αsulfo stearic acid allyl ester oligomer were examined for surface tension, defloculation effect and emulsifying power. Also critical micelle concentration (cmc) was evaluated. Consequently, these sodium allyl αsulfo aliphatic carboxylate aligomers show o/w type emulsifying agent and dispersion effect in 1g/100ml soulution.

A Comparison to Electrical properties of Fatty Acid System LB Films in Horizontal Direction (포화지방산계 LB막의 수평방향에 대한 전기적 특성 비교)

  • 김도균;최용성;장정수;권영수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 1997.04a
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    • pp.194-197
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    • 1997
  • The LB technique is one of the most powerful fabricating methods of organic ultra-thin film, which deposits a monolayer films in molecular level on the surface of the substrate. We have investigated the electrical characteristics of Myristic acid, Stearic acid and Arachidic acid LB films for horizontal direction to develop for the gas sensor. The optimum conditions for a film deposition were obtained by measurement of π-A isotherm. The status of the deposited film was confirmed by measurement of UV absorbance. We could distingished the difference of I-V characteristics for the fatty acid for the horizontal direction. The conductivity of fatty acid LB films for horizontal direction was 107 ~ 109 [S/cm] that mean like semiconductor.

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Changes of Component of the Fermented Youbsak Sauce during Fermentation (엽삭액젓 숙성중의 성분변화)

  • An, Yang-Jun;Chung, Hee-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.395-400
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    • 1994
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical properties of fermented youbsak sauce to use as a source of the flavor and taste enhancement for kimchi preparation. The pH and total acidities of fermented youbsak sauce were not greatly changed during fermentation. The contents of volatile basic nitrogen and amino type nitrogen were gradually increased during one year fermentation, from 63.7 mg% to 224.8 mg% and from 352.5 mg% to 851.7 mg%, respectively. Acid value were increased until 120 days of fermentation and then it was slightly increased up to 44.3. In fatty acids composition, saturated fatty acids were slightly increased during the fermentation, but unsaturated fatty acids were gradually decreased. Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty acid and followed by oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, myristic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. The major amino acids in the early stage of fermentation were arginine, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine and valine, while fermentation progress, the amounts of glutamic acid, lysine, phenylalanine increased. Finally, glutamic acid, lysine, phenylalanine, arginine and alanine became the major amino acids after one year fermentation.

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Studies on the β-Galactosidase from Thermphilic Bacterium - Physiological Characteristics of the Selected Thermophile - (고온성 세균의 β-Galactosidase에 관한 연구 ( I ) - 분리고온균의 생리적 특성 -)

  • 이종수;오만진;이석건;김찬조
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.5-13
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    • 1983
  • This experiment was carried out to elucidate the thermotolerant properties of a thermophilic bacterium which isolated from soils of the hot springs area and selected for the β-galactosidase production. Biochemical and physiological characteristics of this strain were studied, including the investigation on the fatty acid composition for its neutral fats. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. This bacterium was identified as a strain belong to the genus Thermus. 2. Optimal temperature and pH for growth of this strain were 65C and pH 6.5 respectively, and it was found to be an absolute thermophilic bacterium which could not grow at 37C. 3. No growth was obtained in the medium which contained more than 1.0% of sodium chloride. 4. The tolerable concentration of antobiotics were 10μg of penicillin G per m of medium and 0.5μg of chloramphenicol per m respectively 5. This strain had autotrophilic requirements for calcium-pantothenate and pyridoxine-HCO as an-essential factor and for niacin as a stimulative factor. 6. Fatty acid composition of neutral fats of the strain was palmitic acid. 60.20%; lauric acid, 11.8%; myristic acid, 7.56%, behenic acid, 4.25%; capric acid, 1.77%; stearic acid, 2.13%; arachidic acid, 1.53%; and others unidentified, 10.7%.

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