• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.971-976
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• 2005

In a 30-1 bioreactor culture, whole differentiation occurred from 48 h, and then proceeded rapidly. As swollen hyphal fragments and arthrospores increased, cephalosporin C (CPC) production increased exponentially to $1.85\;g/1^{-1}$ at 72 h. To explain the morphological changes of Cephalosporium acremonium M25 more quantitatively, specific differentiation rates and fractal analysis were employed. Specific differentiation rates of morphological factors varied greatly during the period of culture time from 48 h to 72 h, when CPC production increased significantly. Changes of fractal dimensions showed a pattern similar to that of the specific rate of arthrospores. Furthermore, it was inversely related to the specific rate of tips. Overall, it was suggested that the fractal dimension had potential for a new morphological parameter of fungal morphology, showing complex differentiation patterns.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권10호
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• pp.1879-1890
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• 2011

Previous studies of syllable frequency effects have proposed that inhibitory effects due to high first syllable frequency were the products of competitions between activated lexical candidates within a lexical level. However, these studies have primarily used lexical decision tasks to examine the nature of syllable frequency effects. This study investigates whether a syllable frequency effect can arise in semantic categorization tasks and whether phonologically or orthographically defined syllables interact with semantically related variables such as morphological family size. If the syllable frequency effect was created by activations and competitions on a lexical level, it is highly possible that the effect was related to semantic categorization tasks. To test this hypothesis, we conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, morphological family size and phonological syllable frequency were factorially manipulated. In Experiment 2, morphological family size and orthographic syllable frequency were factorially manipulated. The results demonstrate that morphemes have no relationship with phonological syllables but do with orthographic syllables. This suggests that phonological syllables and orthographic syllables have different roles in the syllable frequency effect on visual word recognition process.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.315-321
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• 1995

The relationship between morphological differentiation and production of trypsin-like protease (TLP_ in streptomycetes was studied. All the Streptomyces spp.In this study produced TLP just before the onset of aerial mycelium formation. Addition of TLP inhibitor, TLCK, to the top surface of colonies inhibited aerial mycelium formation as well as TLP inhibitor, TLCK, to the top surface of colonies inhibited aerial mycelium formation as well as TLP activity. Addition of 2% glucose to the Bennett agar medium repressed both the aerial mycelium formation and TLP production in S. abuvaviensis, S. coelicolor A3(2), S exfoliatus, S. microflavus, S. roseus, s. lavendulae, and S. rochei. However the addition of glucose did not affect S. limosus, S. felleus, S. griseus, S. phaechromogenes, and S. rimosus. The glucose repression on aerial mycelium formation and production of TLP was relieved by the addition of glucose anti-metabolite (methyl .alpha.-glucopyranoside). Therefore, it was concluded that TLP production is coordinately regulated with morphological differentiation and TLP activity is essential for morphological differentiation in streptomycetes. The proposed role of TLP is that TLP participates in the degradation of substrate mycelium protein for providing nutrient for aerial mycelial growth.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2022

Laelapinae mites are involved in transmission of microbial diseases between wildlife and humans, with an impact on public health. In this study, 5 mite members in the subfamily Laelapinae (laelapin mites; LM) were morphologically identified by light microscopy, and the phylogenetic relationship of LM was analyzed in combination with the sequence information of part of the LM cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene. The morphological identification revealed that 5 mites belonged to the genera Laelaps and Haemolaelaps, respectively. Sequence analysis showed that the ratio of nonsynonymous mutation rate to synonymous mutation rate of LM was less than 1, indicating that the LM cox1 gene had undergone purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Laelapinae is a monophyletic group. The genera Haemolaelaps and Hyperlaelaps did not separated into distinct clades but clustered together with species of the genus Laelaps. Our morphological and molecular analyses to describe the phylogenetic relationships among different genera and species of Laelapinae provide a reference for the improvement and revision of the LM taxonomy system.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-133
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• 2014

This thesis aims to investigate the morphologic relationship among the neckline, collar, and hair style, in which the width and height were measured by selecting the representative costumes from 16th to 19th centuries. The pieces of 170 pictures selected by fashion experts were cut in the same condition, with the part of the end of shoulder, head, and chest all placed on the equal level. The products were directly measured by a team of 3 specialists for verification of this study, of which results were calculated into average. The values of output were categorized into the unit of decade and finally into a graph of variation, in which the trend and relationship were evaluated according to the width and height. In 16th century, the width and height of the neckline were inversely proportional to those of hair style, while those of collar were proportional to those of hair style. In 17th century, the width and height of the hair style were proportional to those of neckline and collar. In 18th century, those of the neckline were inversely proportional to the hair style, with no collar found. In 19th century, the width of the neckline and collar were proportional to that of the hair style, while the height of the neckline and collar were inversely proportional to that of the hair style. The analysis of the morphologic relationship among neckline, collar, and hair style resulting from this study revealed that the change of the hair style took place corresponding to those of neckline and collar. Generally, the width of the hair style was found to be more resistant to change, compared to those of neckline and collar that were more susceptible. The height of the neckline was more resistant to change, compared to those of the hair style and collar presenting their frequently fluctuating height. Conclusively, the factor of height rather than that of width showed more dominant proportions, because the various forms of the collar and hair style evolved in terms of the height rather that width, relative to that of the neckline.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.213-219
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• 1980

1978년 4월부터 1979년 10월까지 제주도의 제주시, 성산포, 모슬포, 서귀포연안에서 채집한 소라를 대상으로 성장 및 바만상태를 형태측정학적으로 산지별 비교 고찰하였다. 1. 각장크기는 모슬포산이 가장 컸고 제주시산이 가장 작았다. 2. 패각상의 제1열 극수는 제주시산이 가장 적었고 모슬포산이 비교적 많은편이었다. 3. 암수간의 성비는 4개지역 모두 1:1로 나타났다. 4. 각장에 대한 각폭의 상대성장관계는 회귀직선으로 표시되는데, 성산포산의 경과값이 가장 작았고 모슬포, 제주시, 서귀포산 순으로 커졌다. 5. 각장에 대한 전중량의 상대성장관계는 지수식으로 표시되며 서귀포, 성산포, 제주시 및 모슬포산순으로 상대성장계수값이 커졌다. 6. 전중량에 대한 육중량의 관계는 회귀직선으로 표시되며 경과값이 가장 작은 것을 제주시산이었고 가장 큰 값은 모슬포산이었다. 7. 소라의 비만상태가 가장 좋은 것을 모슬포산이었고 제주시산이 가장 나빴다. 8. 4개지역에 대한 소라의 성장관계를 유의성검정한 결과 전중량에 대한 육중량의 관계에서 제주시산과 다른 3개지역간에 유의의 차가 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.197-213
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• 1999

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a group or the lineage of organisms and is reconstructed based on morphological, molecular and other characteristics. The genealogical relationship of a group of taxa is often expressed as a phylogenetic tree. The difficulty in categorizing the phylogeny is mainly due to the existence of frequent homoplasies that deceive observers. At the present time, cladistic analysis is believed to be one of the most effective methods of reconstructing a phylogenetic tree. Excellent computer program software for phylogenetic analysis is available. As an example, cladistic analysis was applied for nematode genera of the family Acuariidae, and the phylogenetic tree formed was compared with the system used currently. Nematodes in the genera Nippostrongylus and Heligmonoides were also analyzed, and the validity of the reconstructed phylogenetic trees was observed from a zoogeographical point of view. Some of the theories of parasite evolution were briefly reviewed as well. Coevolution of parasites and humans was discussed with special reference to the evolutionary relationship between Enterobius and primates.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2004

Organic Modernism was inaugurated by Alvar Valto as an alternative plan to the formative limitation of Geometrical Modernism. It began to appear in the 1930s in the fields of Architecture, Furniture, Product Design and so on. It is known that began with organic formative language is closely related to surrealistic artists Andre Breton as well as other artists and sculptors in that era. Such Formative Language formalized a stream of Organic Modernism Furniture Design unique to the regional and cultural characteristics of Scandinavia. After crossing over to America, mass production of Furniture was born and new materials were linked by industrialization. The Characteristics of Organic Formation in Modern Art such as Three -Dimensional, Biological Morphological, Symbolical, Primitive, Fantastical, Non-Realistic, Incidental, Irregular, transmit to Furniture Design. They are as Characteristics especially with Three-Dimensional, Biological Morphological and Symbolical aspects. Histories of Art and design, there are some examples showing mutual Interchange between Functional and Artistic Character. This thesis also clarifies the Formative Relationship that the Furniture designers who pursued Functionality and Mass Production had obtained from Modern Artistic works and the Artists, through the process of comparing and researching the typical Artists and their works.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

Korean cultivated bramble, which is known as Bokbunja-ddal-gi is regarded to be originated from Korea native Rubus coreanus. However, little scientific evidence and significant morphological differences between Korean cultivated bramble(KCB) and R. coreanus throw doubt on the ancestry of KCB. This study was carried out to obtain phylogenetic information on KCB by comparing its nuclear genomic background with those of R. coreanus, black(R. occidentalis) and red(R. idaeus) raspberry, blackberry(R. lanciniatus) and R. crataegifolius. A total of 99 random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) markers were generated and used for phylogenetic analysis of 76 Rubus accessions. Accessions of each species were grouped into each distinct subclade by the RAPD markers at a similarity coefficient of about 0.59. The KCB subclade formed a clade with R. occidentalis and R. crataegifolius subclades at a similarity coefficient of 0.47. The R. coreanus subclade formed a clade with R. idaeus, R. lanciniatus and R. crataegifolius subclades at a similar similarity coefficient. Only one KCB accession from Hoengsung was included in R. coreanus subclade. The accession shows leaf and flower characteristics different from the rest of the KCB accessions. The phylogenetic relationship inferred from the RAPD markers suggests that the nuclear genomic background of KCB accessions which show morphological similarity to black raspberry is more closely related to black raspberry than to R. coreanus. This brings about the need for close scientific evaluations on the ancestry of KCB at both morphological and molecular levels.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.769-776
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• 2010

20~23세의 한국 여자대학생을 대상으로 아름다운 손에 대한 손의 형태적 특성과 감성과의 상관관계를 평가하였다. 감성평가 방법으로 손의 아름다움을 각각 10 등급으로 분류하고 이를 손의 형태학적 특성과 감성평가 등급파의 상관관계를 정성적 및 정량적으로 분석하는 방법을 적용하였다. 감성평가에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 인자는 손 길이와 손 폭의 비이었고, 손 길이와 손가락 길이 및 손가락 굵기의 비율도 많은 영향을 주었다. 반면에 손 갈이와 손톱 길이의 비와 손가락 길이와 손톱 길이의 비는 감성평가에 마치는 영향이 상대적으로 미미하였다. 높은 감성평가를 받은 손(아름다운 손)의 특정은 손, 손가락 및 손톱의 길이가 모두 길고, 손과 손가락의 폭이 좁으며, 특히 낮은 감성평가를 받은 손에 비해 상대적으로 손톱의 길이가 모두 길고, 손과 손가락의 폭이 좁으며, 특히 낮은 감성평가를 받은 손에 비해 상대적으로 손톱의 길이가 더 길었다. 결과적으로 손의 모든 형태학적 특성들이 종합적으로 감성에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 손의 형태학적 특성을 감성적으로 평가한 최초의 정량 및 정성적 보고로 손의 미적 요소에 관한 기초자료를 구축하였고, 이들 정보들은 손과 관련된 다양한 뷰티산업 제품 및 서비스 분야에 활용이 가능하다.