• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2013

하행성 억제계란 중뇌, 연수, 뇌교에 존재하는 해부학적 유해수용 조절성 기전을 일컫는 용어이다. 이들 부위를 전기적으로 자극을 하면 진통효과가 나타나며, 하행성 억제계의 실패시 지속적인 통증이 야기된다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 우울불안 같은 질환은 만성 신경병성 통증 상태로 쉽게 진행됨이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 요인들이 만성 신경병성 통증에 영향을 주는 경로는 아마도 하행성 억제계일 가능성이 있다. 흥미롭게도, 광범위하게 하행성 억제계가 작동하지 않을 경우 과민성 대장증상이 호발하는 것으로 보인다. 또한 이러한 환자들은 높은 불안, 우울 지수가 관찰되기도 한다. 다양한 연구에서, 하행성 억제계에 관여하는 ${\alpha}2$ 아드레날린성 약물, 아편유사약물들이 만성 통증에 사용될 수 있음을 동물에서 평가 중이다. 아직 신체내에서 얼마나 하행성 억제계가 일어나고 있는가에 대해서는 임상적으로 증명하기 힘든 감이 있지만, 여러 감각 신경기전의 수정에 중요한 구실을 하고 있는 것으로 믿어진다. 즉 중추신경계는 대상을 인식하기 위해 말초정보를 받아들이는 기능만 있는 것이 아니라 여러 방법으로 정보의 홍수를 조절하고 선택하는 기능을 동시에 갖추고 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-86
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• 1984

The educational purpose of a junior college is believed to be to effectively train and produce professional workers equipped with the knowledge and skills required in various technical fields of modern society. Since dental technology takes its share of an important role through the enhancement of people's health and the construction of a whlfare society, the prosthodontia department is imposed with a great responsibility to train highly skilled, responsible dental technicians who will meet the social demands. To attain this goal, those who are in charge of the training and education should place emphasis on the development of better educational programs. In other words, the present curriculum which is lacking in many comprehensive aspects, is not satisfactory to provide the students with the required know-how and qualities. As is known, a currculum is the detailed guidance to the efficient operation of an educational program, and that of dental technology is not an exception. In addition, dental technology requires very detailed programs in training, because it requires both diversified and comprehensive application of serveral different fields. The following are the main points to be taken into consideration in developing an effective curriculum for this department. 1. The curriculum should be gradually expanded so that the fundamental subjects will contain principal theories which can be directly applied to the specified majoring subjects. 2. An effective arrangement of time tables should be provided so that basic practice and experiments can be conducted in direct connection with the leatures on the basic theories. 3. For a creative and up-to-date curriculum to help cope with the problems in achieving the aims of technological development and scientific education, intensive and extensive studies should be done on the curricula developed in the advanced countries. 4. The specific majoring subjects should be rearranged to contain new theories which are beneficial to dental technology. As an institution which is spearheaded for ondustrial-educational cooperation, the Junior collegeis role demands that the department should make every possible effect to cultivate highly-skilled technicisns. The following suggestions are made to help work out an ideal curriculum. 1. The basic theory subjects should be selected with consideration toward closely related majoring subjects. 2. The curriculum should be efficiently operated to effectively relate theories with experiments. 3. Subject importance must be rearranged ; It has been found that the ideal proportion of cultural, elective and required subjects is 20%, 20% and 60% respectively. 4. The credit allotments should be reconsidered: The total credits required for completion should preferably be 80; 16 for the cultural and the elective subjects respectively and 48 for the required subject. 5. A Commissioned education system should be formalized for strengthening industrial educational cooperation. 6. Experiments and practice should be intensified with the support of improved laboratory facilities. 7. The training period should be expanded form the present two years to three of four years, in order to produce more highly qualified technicians.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.472-500
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• 1996

Researches on mineral nutrition, physiology and phyrsiological diseases, . cultivaction methods. brceding. pest control quality management and extension during 1976-1995 in Korea were reviewed Review in brceding and pest control was restricted to the researches directely related to cultivaction. Mineral nulrient up take. partion and varicos factors such as top dreasing. Light intersity etc. and interrelationship between minerals were investigated. Top dressing was not effective due to low minera1 requorement Physiological characteristics on tempelature light and water were well elucidated and applied to assess traditional cultivation method and its inovation. Photosyrnthetic pigments. light harvest proteins and activity of related enzymes were studied. In nitrogen metabolism arginine, praline, ammonium, threonine appeared to have important role in re growth of shoot Saponin metabolism was studied in relation to growth and new ginsenosides were found but physiological role of saponin was not clearly elucidated yet Endogenous growth regulators were reported and various erogenous growth regulators were studied for growth stimulation. short stem and seed pruning etc. Various physiological diseases were investigated for cause and control measures were established. Water culture was little studied Forest culture was studied but not retched the recommendable stage Drip irrigation straw mulching. seasonal shading and soil preparation method including soil fertility adjustment were established for practical application. Shading materials completely changed to polyethylene net and materials of polymers The research on ginseng cultivation in paddy field opened the way to establish the permanent ginseng cultivation plantation Ginseng harvester and seeder were developed in the late 1950s. Transplanted and many other machines were developed in the early 1990s. In ginseng breeding only pure line selection was of practical significance several verities were at the stage of seed propagation at ginseng plantations. Mutation breeding (${\gamma}$-ray. X-ray chemicals) was not successful. The research on plantlet formation through tissue culture was a little progressed but still far behind to vegetative propagation. Disease control research was concentrated in the isolation and identification of pathogans. their ecological charactelistics and biological control and soil humigation. Potato root rot nematodes was found and control method was established. Insect and small animal control research was greatly progresses in identification, ecological investigation, and ecological and physical control. Weed control was less important due to the development of mulching method of ridge and ditch. Quality factors of raw ginseng in relation to red ginseng process were extensively studied. Traditional quality measures were elucidated in accordance with modern analytical chemistry resulting in the importance of peptides in the centrat part rather than ginsenosides For large root production growth promoting rootzone micrcorganisms (PGPRM) were isolated and active compounds were identified. Field test on PGPRM was on going. Varictus methods formality improvement through cultivation were developed. Management research of ginseng production was rare Extension was active throuch official and private organizations and through workshop for the extension specialists, and direct lectures to grower's. Extension services made the researcher to understand the existing problems at grower's fields. Research environment for ginseng production was in prime time only for three years when Korea Ginseng Research Institute was established then gradually aggravated.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

Objective: Computers and smartphones have become a necessity for modern people, and the use of these things in an inappropriate position has increased the number of people who complain about neck problems. The purpose of this study was to compare the changes of cervical angle, range of motion (ROM) and pain threshold according to the McKenzie stretching and dry cupping therapy. Design: Cross-over design. Methods: We included 12 male and 6 female college students in their twenties, and conducted a pre- and post-test to evaluate the changes of each variable after the application of the McKenzie stretching and dry cupping therapy. Results: Neither the cervical spine angle nor the turtle neck angle showed any change in both the McKenzie stretching and the dry cupping treatment. In the McKenzie stretching, the pain threshold decreased, and the ROM of the cervical spine increased in all directions but there was no significant difference. The pain threshold was increased in the dry cupping treatment, and the ROM of the cervical spine was significantly increased in all directions (p<0.05). Comparisons of the McKenzie stretching and cupping treatment showed that the cupping treatment produced significantly greater pain thresholds and improvements in ROM of the cervical spine than the McKenzie stretching technique (p<0.05). Conclusions: Cupping treatment is more effective in improving ROM of the cervical spine and pain thresholds than the McKenzie stretching technique. In the future, cupping treatment will be one of the treatment options for pain and ROM impairments of the cervical spine.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2018

건강하고 아름답게 살고자 하는 욕구가 높아지면서 의료미용분야도 양적 질적 성장을 거듭하고 있으며, 의료분야에 뷰티서비스를 통합적으로 적용하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 의료미용서비스를 제공하는 종사자를 대상으로 직무요구와 의료미용간의 직무자원 조절적 역할을 검증하고 직무요구, 직무전문성이 직무만족도에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 연구방법은 의료미용사를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 자료는 Spss 21.0을 이용하여 요인분석 및 신뢰도 분석, 상관분석 등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째. 직무요구는 협력자원만이 직무자원조절 효과가 나타났다. 둘째, 직무자원이 의료 미용전문성에 미치는 영향을 검증한 결과 협력자원과 기기활용 자원이 정(+)의 영향이 나타났다. 셋째, 직무요구도와 전문성이 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 직무요구인 업무긴장도는 부(-), 업무부하량은 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 의료미용 전문성이 직무만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 의료미용사의 인적관리를 위해서는 다양한 직무자원의 지원이 지속적으로 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.474-485
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• 2013

Pharmacological studies and clinical practices have indicated that Radix Astragali, a dried root of Astragalus membranaceus possesses a lot of biological activities, including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, tonic, diuretic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and immunological activities. These biological activities approved by the modern pharmacological studies are mainly due to the constituents of Astragalus membranaceus including polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, amino acids, and trace elements. In resent, the main constituents in the root part showing a lot of biological activities has been isolated also from the aboveground parts such as leaves and sprouts in our laboratory. However, the safety evaluation for the aboveground parts of Astragalus membranaceus should be checked before expanding their application as one of food. In the study, a 90-day rat oral gavage study has been conducted with the extracts from Astragalus membranaceus-above-ground parts at doses of 1000, 3000, and 5000mg/kg/day. The following endpoints were evaluated: clinical observations, body weight, gross and microscopic pathology, clinical chemistry, and hematology. Based on the analysis of these endpoints, it was estimated that NOEL (no observed effect level) for male rats and NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) for female rats are 5000mg/kg/day of the water-extracts from Astragalus membranaceus-aboveground parts.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2012

행정박물이란 공공기관의 업무수행과 관련된 유형적 증거물로, 독특하고 유일하며 특정 사건, 시간, 또는 인물을 표현하는 정보적인 가치를 지니고 있다. 근대문화유산으로써의 가치를 지니고 있는 행정박물은 그 중요성에 비해 체계적으로 분류 관리 보존하는 지침은 마련되지 않았다. 이 중 금속제 행정박물의 경우 보존처리 및 연구사례가 적고 복합적인 행정적 가치를 지니고 있어 일반화된 발굴유물의 보존처리 과정을 적용하기 어렵다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 강화처리에 초점을 두어 동합금 행정박물의 표면강화처리에 알맞은 재료와 적용방법을 실험을 통해 찾아보고자 하였다. 현재 사용하고 있는 Wax 3종과 발굴유물에 사용하는 아크릴계 수지를 선정하여 종류와 코팅방법에 따른 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 표면관찰, 박막 두께, 접착력, 접촉각 및 표면에너지, 황변실험 등 일련의 분석을 통해 코팅 특성을 비교한 결과, 아크릴계 수지를 행정박물에 사용해도 무방하나 기존에 사용하던 Wax B를 Dip-coating 한 후 가열처리하여 강화처리하는 것이 가장 우수한 강화효과를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2015

문화재 보존처리는 손상된 문화재의 수명을 연장하고 그 가치를 재조명하는 실질적 수단으로서 높이 평가 받고 있다. 그러나 보존처리 과정은 대부분 보존처리자의 경험과 기술에 의한 수작업에 의존하고 있어 이에 따르는 많은 시간과 노력이 요구된다. 최근에는 문화재의 재질 특성과 형상에 따라 보다 정확하고 손쉽게 보존처리를 진행할 수 있는 방법을 채용할 수 있게 되었다. 즉, 지금까지 수작업으로 이루어지는 보존처리과정을 3D 프린터를 이용하여 컴퓨터상에서 구현된 입체 형상 데이터를 실물로 출력하는 방법을 이용하는 것이다. 먼저 문화재의 결손 부분을 컴퓨터상의 데이터로 구축한 다음 3D 프린터로 출력하여 결손 부분을 손쉽게 성형 및 가공 과정을 거치는 것이다. 3D 프린터 적용결과 반복적인 출력 및 디지털데이터의 형태 및 수치 조정이 가능하였으며, 다양한 소재를 활용한 여러 가지 복원재료로 부터 시험출력을 통하여 문화재 복원의 완성도를 향상시킬 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 도자기 결손부분 복원을 위한 3D 프린터 적용 시험을 위하여 현대 재현품인 청자칠보무늬향로와 차륜식토기 2점을 인위적으로 파손시켰다. 복원결과 수작업에 비해 작업시간 단축 및 정확한 형태의 재현 등에서는 좋은 효과를 나타내었다. 반면 정밀한 접합 및 표면 질감을 생생하게 표현하기 위해서는 약간의 2차적인 수작업이 필요하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2012

본 논문은 풍수마케팅 위한 체계화된 풍수지리 분석기법과 풍수지리 감결서의 작성 방법을 연구하여 주거공간에 있어 기업의 마케팅에 활용할 수 있도록 풍수마케팅 모형을 정립한다. 여기서 풍수마케팅은 제품광고뿐만 아니라 판매촉진, 홍보, 이벤트, 세일즈맨 활동 등 변화하는 시대에 부응하는 마케팅 전략으로 소비자의 구매력과 기업의 이미지 증진에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 다만, 아직까지 풍수마케팅을 할 수 있는 광고상품이 주택분양이나 점포입지 그리고 상품배치를 위한 공간배치 등 매우 제한적이다. 그래서 현재 보편적으로 이루지고 있는 일반적인 주택분양 마케팅에 덧붙여 주택분양을 한층 더 촉진할 수 있는 풍수마케팅 방식을 연구하고자 한다. 먼저 이 연구를 위해 전통풍수지리 이론을 바탕으로 양택풍수 분석방법을 논하고, 현대에 맞는 새로운 풍수지리 분석기법으로 지형공간구조와 지자기교란을 분석방법을 논한다. 이러한 체계적이고 객관적인 풍수지리 분석방법을 적용한 풍수지리 감결서의 작성방법과 표준양식을 제시하였다. 결과적으로 기존 주택산업의 풍수마케팅 모형을 정립하여 기업의 상품판매 촉진 마케팅의 한 방법을 연구하였다. 향후 이러한 연구를 토대로 주택산업에 대한 정립된 풍수감결서 방식에 따라 분석하여 평가한 풍수마케팅 적용사례의 실례를 들어 주택분양에 얼마나 효과가 있었는지, 웰빙건축에 얼마나 반영되었는지에 대한 연구가 진행되면 풍수마케팅의 실효성 유무를 검증할 수 있을 것이다. 만약 이러한 연구를 통하여 실효성이 검증되면 풍수마케팅의 저변확대로 친환경적인 웰빙 주택산업 활성화에도 도움이 될 것이다. 덧붙여 풍수마케팅에 대한 산업별 모형을 연구하여, 그것이 기업의 이미지와 이윤의 극대화 그리고 고객의 만족에 얼마나 부합되는지에 대한 구체적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.453-465
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• 2017

UN adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, a set of 17 objectives with 169 targets expected to guide actions over the next 15 years (2016-2030). One goal expressly focuses on the oceans, that is, SDG 14 'Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development'. More than 30% of fish stocks worldwide were classified by FAO(2016) as overfished. Globally, world capture fisheries are near the ocean's productive capacity with catches on the order of 80 million metric tons. Aquaculture production is increasing rapidly and is expected to continue to increase, but aquaculture encounters some environmental challenges, including potential pollution, competition with wild fishery resources, potential contamination of gene pools, disease problems, and loss of habitat. Accordingly, there have been a variety of world organization and conferences stressing the importance of the implementation of the ecosystem-based fisheries management(EBFM) to overcome these problems. Annual catch of Korean fisheries have shown continuously declining patterns since late 1990s. Most fish stocks are currently known to be over-exploited, and some stocks are depleted due to the increase in fishing intensity and over-capitalization of fishing fleets. Other reasons for the depletion are land reclamations and coastal pollution, which destroy spawning and nursery grounds along the coastal regions. Aquaculture production is also increasing rapidly in Korea. However, several important issues such as gene pool and interaction with capture fisheries should be considered. The EBFM approach should use the best available information coupled with a reasonable application of the precautionary approach. The EBFM has global relevance, and so the real challenge will be to develop and use reliable, robust and cost-effective means of assessing and monitoring the status of ecosystems and their resources, and rapid means of detecting any undesirable and excessive impacts that threaten sustainable use. Future fisheries education should take into account UN's SDGs, which were adopted to achieve the global 2030 agenda. However, there are some difficulties in the current fisheries education system in Korea. First, the current education organizations are limited within the old frame of traditional fisheries sciences. Second, the fisheries education is currently lack of the future-oriented education system and of customized schools or departments. Third, the on-going fisheries education has been based upon few educational policies which are sufficiently relevant to holistic SDGs of the global standard. Accordingly, directions to modern fisheries education for achieving SDGs would be, first, the transition of fisheries education structure into the future-oriented and customized education system. Second, fisheries education needs to shift to the new paradigm, which combines traditional fisheries science education with related fields such as oceanography and environmental sciences to adopt the concept of EBFM. Lastly, fisheries education should accompany relevant policies for effectively achieving SDGs.