• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1186-1201
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• 2013

우리나라 초등학교 6학년 학생들을 대상으로 실시한 2009, 2010, 2011년 국가수준 학업성취도 평가 결과를 이용하여 학생들의 성취수준별 특징을 조사하였고, 초 중학교 학생들의 특징을 비교하였다. 초 중학생의 성취수준별 대표 문항 분석을 통하여 다음과 같은 내용을 알았다. 초 중학교 공통적으로 우수학력 학생들은 모두 교육과정의 성취기준을 정확히 이해하고 있었지만 보통학력 학생들은 용어를 단순히 기억하는 수준과 같이 교육과정의 성취기준을 피상적으로 이해하고 있었다. 그래서 보통학력 학생들은 교육과정 목표 달성을 위해 수업 및 평가에서 내용을 정확히 이해하도록 돕는 방안을 늘릴 필요가 있다. 예를들어 선다형 평가 대신 서술형 평가를 요구하는 교육환경은 개념을 정확히 이해하는 습관을 길러줄 수 있을 것이다. 기초학력 학생들은 교육과정의 성취기준을 거의 이해하지 못하고 있었기 때문에 단순한 상황에서 성취기준을 다루는 보정 교육을 실시할 필요가 있다. 교육과정에서 다루는 과학 개념은 학교급별로 위계적으로 구성되어 있기 때문에 기초학력 미달 수준을 위한 보정 교육만으로는 과학교육에서 학습 결손 문제를 해결할 수 없다. 이를 위해서는 과학에서 수준별 수업을 대폭 확대할 필요가 있다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.179-190
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between gender, gender role identity, parents' affectionate behaviors and care in Chinese middle school students. Also, this study examines the differences in care among Chinese middle school students with respect to parent's socio-demographic variables. The subjects were 478 3rd grade middle school students in Tianjin, China. The major findings were as follows. There were significant differences in care of Chinese middle school students with respect to mother's job and age. In other words, a higher level of care of Chinese middle school students was shown in students who had an unemployed mother, labour mother or mothers of 46 years and over. As result of examining the main effects of gender, gender role identity and parent's affectionate behaviors caring for Chinese middle school students, there were significant with respect to gender role identity and parents' affectionate behaviors. Masculinity, femininity and androgyny identity demonstrated a higher care than undifferentiated identity. Also, a higher level of care was associated with higher parents' affectionate behaviors. There were interaction effects caused by gender and gender role identity in care for Chinese middle school students. Also, there were interaction effects caused by gender and parent's affectionate behaviors on the nature of care for Chinese middle school students.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.137-155
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• 2018

From the assumption that an individual's working memory capacity is limited, the cognitive load theory is concerned with providing adequate instructional design so as to avoid overloading the learner's working memory. Based on the cognitive load theory, this study aimed to provide implications for effective problem-based collaborative teaching and learning design by analyzing the level of middle school students' cognitive load which is perceived according to the problem types(short answer type, narrative type, project) in the process of collaborative problem solving in middle school function part. To do this, this study analyzed whether there is a relevant difference in the level of cognitive load for the problem type according to the math achievement level and gender in the process of cooperative problem solving. As a result, there was a relevant difference in the task burden and task difficulty perceived according to the types of problems in both first and second graders in middle schools students. and there was no significant difference in the cognitive effort. In addition, the efficacy of task performance differed between first and second graders. The significance of this study is as follows: in the process of collaborative problem solving learning, which is most frequently used in school classrooms, it examined students' cognitive load according to problem types in various aspects of grade, achievement level, and gender.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.561-569
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 중학교 학생들이 체육수업에서 느끼는 걱정거리 수준을 혼성학급과 동성학급으로 구분하여 걱정거리의 하위 요인별 차이를 심층적으로 분석하여 융복합적 교육 방안을 탐색하는데 목적을 두었다. 연구대상은 경기도에 위치한 중학교 6개교를 무선적으로 선정하여 554명의 학생을 대상으로 하였다. 학급별, 학년별, 학업성적별, 체력등급별에 따른 걱정거리 하위 요인과의 관계를 파악하기 위하여 다변량분산분석 모형을 설정하여 실시하였다. 연구를 통해 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중학교 체육수업에서 느끼는 걱정거리 수준은 학급별(혼성, 동성)에서 '처벌' 요인에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 예측되었다. 둘째, 중학교 체육수업에서 느끼는 걱정거리 수준은 학년별에서 '운동종목에 대한 걱정'과 '수업 중 마찰' 요인에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 예측되었다. 셋째, 중학교 체육성적별 학생들이 체육수업에서 느끼는 걱정거리 수준은 차이를 나타내지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 중학교 체육수업에서 느끼는 걱정거리 수준은 체력등급별에서 '운동종목'에 대한 걱정 요인에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 예측되었다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-97
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of interest in the achievement evaluation system, under the assumption that the teacher is an important element of curriculum. For this study, surveys targeting the 150 middle school teachers from 6 schools in Pusan was conducted. A questionnaire based CBAM model was used as research tools. For data analysis, mean of relative strength by teacher's level of interest was calculated. And MANOVA was used to investigate the difference among level of interest according to teachers' background such as sex, age, career, job position, and the grade they taught. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the middle school teachers' overall interest for achievement evaluation system is low. Teachers showed a typical pattern appeared in the early stages of change. They have little interest in the achievement evaluation system. And they should try to fix and change the achievement evaluation system rather than cooperate it. Second, as a result of this analysis of the difference according to teachers' background, no significant differences were found in most of the variables. Significant differences were found only in age, career, and job position from step 0. In running the post hoc, teachers who have less careers, lower positions, and younger ages had less interest in achievement evaluation system.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze factors affecting suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school. Methods: The data in this study came from the survey which conducted to 500 students of physical education high school athletes and elite athletes in general school from the beginning of December 2009 to the end of January 2010 in Seoul and Kyunggi. Finally 436 cases was used. The dependant variable is suicidal ideation in this study. And the independent variables are socio-demographic factors, exercise-related factors, school and family environments, stress and depression factor. The analysis method is logistic regression analysis. Finally 436 cases was used. Results: First, the rate of suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school was 28.9%. Second, there were significant differences between stress and sex, grades, athletic career, kind of sport, sport skill level, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Third, there were significant differences between depression and sex, academic achievements, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Fourth, there were significant differences between suicidal ideation and sport skill level, academic achievements, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Fifth, the higher level of stress and degree of depression, the more increased the risk of suicidal ideation. Conclusions: Considering the close relationship between suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt, to reduce the suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school it is necessary to adjust exercising time properly and to promote life satisfaction. Also to overcome depression and stress support system should be established and to promote self-efficacy cognition strength program should be introduced in the school. So athletes in middle and high school should have confidence and self-confidence on the future.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.560-568
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• 2002

This study was carried out to compare the dietary behaviors and the nutrient intake of a middle school and a high school girls in Iksan. The subjects consisted of 132 middle school girls and 122 high school girls in Iksan. The proportion of subjects eating meals irregularly was higher in the high school girls (98.6%) than in the middle school girls(78.7%). The proportion of subjects skipping a meal also was higher in the high school girls(61.5%) than in the middle school girls(53.8%) and most of them (65.8%) skipped breakfast though they thought breakfast was the most important meal of a day (87.4%). The subjects tended to overeat at lunch (38.6%), and at dinner (55.9%). The main reasons of skipping a meal were 1. They had no time (49.3%), and 2. They had poor appetite (24.7%) Mean daily energy intake was 2198.5Kcal in the middle school girls and 2150.5Kcal in the high school girls and mean daily intake of protein, iron, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$ and niacin was significantly higher (p<0.05, p<0.01) in the middle school girls than in the high school girls. Mean daily calcium, iron, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin A and C intake of middle school girls were lower than those of RDA and all nutrients intake of high school girls except for phosphorus was lower than those of RDA. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) was under 1.0 for calcium, iron, vitamin A, $B_1$ and C. Mean blood level of cholesterol, triglyceride, Hb, Hct, GOT, GPT were 170.9mg/dl, 78.9mg/dl, 13.1g/dl, 39.5%, 18.8mg/d and 15.7mg/dl, respectively.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.111-128
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the cognitive demand of the mathematical tasks suggested in the middle school textbooks. In particular, it aimed to reveal the overall picture of the level of cognitive demand of the mathematical tasks in the strand of geometry in the textbooks. We adopted the framework for mathematical task analysis suggested by Stein & Smith(1998) and analyzed the mathematical tasks accordingly. The findings from the analysis showed that 95 percent of the mathematical tasks were at high level and the rest at low level in terms of cognitive demand. Most of the mathematical tasks in the textbooks were algorithmic and focused on producing correct answers by using procedures. In particular, the high level tasks were presented at the end of each chapter or unit for wrap up rather than as key resources.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2002

This study was conducted to identify the relationship between the perceived family support and mental health of middle school students and provide basic data to develop a nursing program for prevention of mental disease and mental health promotion in adolescent. The subjects for this study were 427 students in their first, second and third year of two middle school in K city. The data were collected from December 12th to 19th, 2001. The instruments used for this study were the family support scale by Kang and the mental health assessment scale was the Symptom Check List-90-R. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, ANOVA, and Duncan test with SPSS program. The results were as follows: The mean score of the perceived family support was 42.26 and the mean score of mental health was 52.24. As a subarea of mental health was analyses, the scores of obsessive-compulsive reaction and hostility were respectively higher but the scores of phobia were lower than others. Family support was significantly different according to student's grade, religion and economic status, and educational level, the relationship between them, and living in parents. the characteristic influence on the level of mental health were sex, grade, and economic status of students and the relationship between them of parents. There was a significant correlation between the perceived family support and the level of mental health was revealed a significant correlation(r=-.35(P=0.001)). In conclusion, this study was found that family support was an important factor for promoting mental health of middle school students. In order to increase mental health of middle school students effectively, family support must be increased. Efforts to promote mental health of students are required in home and school. School authorities have to search a plans like "family support-class program" as one countermeasure to increase family support. teachers have to make educational programs to promote mental health constantly with participating parents.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine middle and high school students' knowledge level of first aid, health promotion, and safety. Data were collected from 1.165 students from March 6, 2000 to April 4, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. 80.1％ of the respondents felt the necessity of first aid. The sources of information about methods of first aid were school (43.9％), mass media (15.6％), and self-study (10.5％). 30.0％ of them never learned the methods of first aid. 2. In the case of obtaining information on first aid through mass media, 58.2％ of them got it from TV. 7.3％ of them obtained it from magazines, while 5.8％ of them got it from newspapers. According to their viewpoints of adequate time to teach the methods of first aid, 38.6％ of them thought that the methods had to be taught in the primary school and 25.2％ of them thought that they had to be taught in the kindergarten. 24.9％ of them replied that the methods had to be taught in the middle school, while 11.3％ of them replied that they had to be taught in the high school. 3. The points for knowledge of first aid were 98.29:t20.91 on the basis of 150 points (65.5 points on the basis of 100 points). The points showed significant differences in the variables of sex, education level, numbers of siblings, parents' education level, and guardian's occupation.