• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.907-914
• /
• 2010

Cognitive model, that is cognitive architecture, is the model expressed with computer program to show the process how human solve a certain problem and it is continuously under investigation through various fields of study such as cognitive engineering, computer engineering, and cognitive psychology. In addition, the much extensive applicability of cognitive model usually helps it to be used for quantitative prediction of human Behavior or Natural programming of human performance in many HCI areas including User Interface Usability, artificial intelligence, natural programming language and also Robot engineering. Meanwhile, when a system designed, an usability test about conceptual design of interface is needed and in this case, analysis evaluation using cognitive model like GOMS or ACT-R is much more effective than empirical evaluation which naturally needs products and subjects. In particular, if we consider the recent trend of very short-end term between a previous technology development and the next new one, it would take time and much efforts to choose subjects and train them in order to conduct usability test which is repeatedly followed in the process of a system development and this finally would bring delays of development of a new system. In this study, we predicted quantitatively the human behavior processes which contains cognitive processes for menu selection in touch screen interface through ACT-R, one of the common method of usability test. Throughout the study, it was shown that the result using cognitive model was equal with the result using existing empirical evaluation. And it is expected that cognitive model has a possibility not only to be used as an effective methodology for evaluation of HCI products or system but also to contribute the activation of HCI cognitive modeling in Korea.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.344-353
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study was to classify dining-out customers' behaviors at ski resorts based on their restaurant selection factors. Data were collected one-on-one via interview questionnaires of 178 customers at the ski resorts. The mean scores of important attributes (4.12) and satisfactory attributes (3.08) for the sport&leisure purpose group were analyzed. For the date&family trip purpose group, the important attributes (4.13) and satisfactory attributes (3.06) were evaluated, resulting in a significant difference between the two visiting-purpose groups by independent t-test (p<0.05). The recognized important attributes for the sport&leisure purpose group were food taste (4.54), hygiene (4.53), menu variety (4.22), menu price (4.15), and convenience (4.12), and the most recognizable satisfactory attributes were related to convenience (3.52), waiting time (3.95), and employee service (3.90). For the date&family trip purpose group, recognized important attributes were hygiene (4.83), food taste (4.67), menu price (4.40), convenient (4.33), menu variety (4.25), waiting time (4.21), and employee service (4.10), and marked satisfactory attributes were convenience (3.65), hygiene (3.31), atmosphere (3.25), employee service (3.23), waiting time (3.17), and food taste (3.00). These results suggest that restaurant selection attributes would be useful tools to restaurant managers in controlling the quality of foodservice and satisfying service requirements for dinning-out customers at ski resorts.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic information necessary to efficiently run a coffee shop. It comparatively analyzes the relative importance and satisfaction of side menu selection characteristics through analyses on customer importance-satisfaction when selecting a side menu as well as their usage behavior of the side menu at coffee shops. According to reason price the analysis result on the differences in the coffee shop side menu importance and satisfaction, there was a difference because the importance of selecting a side menu was higher for the attributes of taste, health, packing & appearance, economics and personnel service compared to satisfaction among which the price of a side menu was found to be the top priority for improvement. The significance of coffee shop side menu for the respondents prior to usage as well as their satisfaction after usage was evaluated in order to comparatively analyze the relative importance and achievement of each characteristic through the IPA. The result indicated that the variables positioned in the Concentrate Here area (II) were related to economic feasibility such as reasonable price, appropriate price of set menu, telecommunication company affiliated service and coupon usage and point accumulation. As for the Keep up the Good Work area (I), there were many variables regarding personnel service including taste of side menu, blending with coffee, clean packing, clean packaging, staff's side menu knowledge, staff's quick response, staff's politeness and staff's sincere response. As for the variables in the Low Priority area (III), health variables on health such as nutritional value, eco-friendly food materials and calories were observed.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제6권5호
• /
• pp.755-764
• /
• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate meal management behavior of housewives and to improve their behavior by determining what problems exist. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire in Jinju from October to November in 1999. It was shown that 29.1% of housewives didn't plan food budget, whereas only 5.6% of them did. The reasons for not planning food budget were mostly due to not forming a habit(38.8%), irregularity of prices(19.9%) or irregularity of income(13.8%). The characters of planning food budget and the reasons for not planning were not affected by age, education, monthly income, family size or monthly flood cost. Only 17.8% of meal managers recorded their housekeeping in detail and 47.4% of them wrote only the important things. Recording housekeeping records was affected by age and education. It was found that most meal managers(90.8%) didn't set menu planning and they didn't fuel the need for menu planning. The frequency of food shopping was every two days(36.2%), twice a week(20.9%) or randomly(27.4%), and the places for food shopping were supermarket(49.0%) and traditional market(41.3%). Both were affected by education or age. The quality of food was the main reason(54.6%) far the selection of food shopping place. Important consideration for selection of food and meals was preference of family(47.4%) and this character was affected by education. It was shown that the score of nutrition knowledge was 7.36, and it was affected by education. The results of this study suggest that the government, educators and scientists in nutrition make efforts to develop various levels of practical education programs for meal management and nutrition depending on age, education and community using mass media.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.250-266
• /
• 2015

오늘날 실버세대는 독립된 소비세대로 사회 여러 분야에서 실버외식산업을 급성장시키는 세대이기도 하다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 소비의 주체세력으로 부상하고 있는 실버세대를 대상으로 실버세대에 대한 외식 소비행동에 따른 외식 선택속성과 식습관 변화를 살펴보고자 하였다. 서울에 거주하는 55세 이상의 실버 연령인 216명을 대상으로 하여 식습관 수준과 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 변인분석은 독립표본 t-검증과 F-검증을 실시하였으며, 실버세대의 식습관에 따른 소비태도와 외식소비행동 차이를 알아보기 위하여는 ${\chi}^2$검증을 실시하였다. 분석한 연구 결과를 요약하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 실버세대의 식습관 수준은 3점 만점에 평균 2.02점으로 나타나, 식습관이 어느 정도 양호함을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 실버세대의 식습관에 따른 외식소비태도 차이를 분석한 결과, 식습관 태도가 비교적 양호한 사람들이 불량한 집단보다 물리적인 환경, 메뉴의 다양성, 업체의 품질과 서비스를 찾아서 외식업체를 선택하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 실버세대의 식습관에 따른 외식소비행동 변화를 분석한 결과, 식습관 수준에 따른 외식업체 정보 출처와 외식업체 선택 선정기준 변수에 대해서만 집단 간 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.65-75
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 급식업체 소비자를 대상으로 만족과 사후행동에 관한 연관관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 선행연구를 통해 도출된 14개의 속성을 바탕으로 요인분석과 회귀분석을 통해 만족을 규정하였다. 급식업체 소비자를 대상으로 총 281개의 응답을 확보하였고, SPSS 18.0 ver을 활용하였다. 요인분석결과 베리맥스 회전방식을 채택하였으며, KMO값은 0.634, $x^2$=610.084, 유의확률 p<0.001, 총분산 설명력은 61.685%로 나타났다. 5개의 요인이 도출되었고, 각각 재료 음식, 메뉴, 관리, 대부환경으로 명명하였다. 타당성을 나타내는 크롬바하 알파계수는 0.703으로 나타났다. 설명력 16.3%에 만족에는 재료, 관리, 내적환경이 만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 사후행동에 미치는 영향에는 유의수준이 p<0.001로 나타났지만, 다른 산업분야에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 한계는 대학의 급식업체 소비자를 대상으로 하여 일반화의 한계점을 갖고 있으며, 후속연구가 지속적으로 필요하다.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.1079-1103
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 음식관광과 관련된 중국인 관광객들의 다양한 특성을 분석함으로써 향후 농촌관광의 발전을 위한 중국인 음식관광객의 유치방안을 제안하고자 구성되었다. 음식관광과 관련된 주요한 특성으로는 음식관광의 동기, 음식행동, 선택속성, 정보수집의 경로, 농촌에서의 선호음식 등이 조사되었다. 농촌을 방문한 중국인관광객을 대상으로 하는 설문조사의 결과, 중국인 관광객을은 평상시와 다른 새로운 음식에 대한 요구로 음식관광에 참여하는 것으로 나타났으며, 방문지역의 음식을 먹는 것이 의미있는 행동으로 간주하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그 외 음식의 선택에 있어서는 음식의 맛, 신선도, 위생상태 등이 주요한 결정요인으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 중국인 음식관광객의 유치를 위해 1)지역색이 잘 나타나는 음식상품의 개발, 2)지역농산물과 육류를 바탕으로 하는 다양한 메뉴의 서비스와 간편한 아침식사의 제공, 3) 높은 수준의 음식신선도와 위생 및 청결상태의 유지, 4) 음식의 시각적, 후각적 요소 및 장식에 대한 연구개발 등을 주요한 유치방안으로 제안하고 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the compliance and need for diet therapy among diabetics and their caregivers. A total of 625 respondents participated in this survey. Appropriate management for long-term blood glucose control and difficult-to-manage cases appeared to be diet therapy, physical activity, medical treatment and folk remedies, in that order. The most important educational avenues for diet therapy were books, magazines and TV, Most respondents were educated in diet therapy within a year after diagnosis and had practiced diet therapy for over four years. The most common diet therapy Practices were food selection and Quantity control. Of the specific problems in practicing diet therapy, time and labor, taste, and meal planning appeared to be equally difficult factors. The prevailing diet therapy skills were controlling food amounts at breakfast and supper, and selecting food for lunch and refreshments. Respondents practicing both skills were about 20% of the participants; this shows the need to improve the current situation. The nutrients most frequently considered in diet therapy practice were simple sugars (sugar and sweet goods) , total fats and cholesterol. Since the perception of the role of dietary fiber among respondents was very low, nutrition education about the importance of dietary fiber and food sources of dietary fiber was needed. Diabetics seemed to be concerned about diabetic menus. Three difficult problems in planning diabetic menus were daily menu planning, patient's preferences, and the calculation of calories. As a means of nutrition counseling, they preferred interviews. The higher the educational status and the lower the age, the higher the preference was for internet or PC counseling. Therefore, it is necessary to develop nutrition educational programs so that diabetics can obtain practical knowledge of diet therapy. Furthermore, it is also necessary to develop additional means of informing diabetics about menu planning, while still considering Korean dietary behavior.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.408-421
• /
• 2019

Objectives: This study compared the dietary behaviors of single-person households when eating alone according to the employment pattern and age. Methods: A total of 566 people aged 20~59 years old were collected from the status of workers and classified into three groups according to their employment pattern (regular, non-regular workers and business owner). The subjects were collected by purposive quota sampling on a Gallup panel from June to November in 2017. The dietary behavior and perception of eating alone of the subjects were surveyed via online and self-reported questionnaires. Results: The frequency of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular group than the non-regular group and business group (p<0.01). The place of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular and non-regular group in the convenience store, and business group in the office (p<0.001). Ramen, the menu when eating alone, was significantly higher in the non-regular group than the other groups (p<0.01). The preference for eating alone was lower in the older age group (p<0.05). The young aged group (aged 20~30) ate more fast food and felt more convenience than the older aged group aged 40~50 years (p<0.05). Conclusions: Single-person households with a non-regular job have poorer dietary behavior in eating alone than those who had regular employment. In a situation of an increasing number of non-regular workers aged in their 20s and 30s, there is a high likelihood of social problems, such as health and poverty. This study highlights the need for a healthy food selection environment to improve the dietary life of single-person households with non-regular jobs for the diverse types of single-person households.

• 마케팅과학연구
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2009

本研究的目的是对咖啡店的 "重要性"（顾客在光顾咖啡店以前的感知）和积极或消极的 "满意度"（顾客在光顾咖啡店以后的感受）之间的差距进行分类, 并分析这些差距对对购买行为的影响. 为此, 我使用重要性和满意度之间的差距作为选择咖啡店的解释变量, 并通过使用有序Probit模型（OPM）来实证分析差距对购买行为（整体满意度和愿意到再次光顾）的影响方向和大小. 先前使用IPA的研究评估了差距影响的方向和大小的象限, 但是在分析差距对顾客的影响方面却失败了. 在本研究中, 我评估了积极和消极的差距对顾客满意度和愿意去再光顾的影响. 通过使用OPM,我量化了积极和消极的差距对顾客整体满意度和愿意去再光顾的影响. 每个人的支出, 光顾的频率和购买咖啡的地方对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 光顾的频率, 在每人的支出之后, 然后是购买咖啡的地方对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 因此每个人的支出和光顾的频率对顾客整体满意度有最积极的影响. 这一发现意味着一个在咖啡店每次或每周花费5000韩元的顾客的实际的满意度越高（差距), 其整体满意度和愿意去再光顾就越高. 虽然经济效益对总体满意度和愿意去再光顾有显著影响, 但是大专和大学的学生仍然愿意去咖啡馆并愿意消费5000韩元, 因为他们不只是购买咖啡本身而且将咖啡店作为其他活动的场所, 例如工作, 和朋友见面或是放松的地方. 学院和大学的学生还可以在咖啡店通过个人电脑上网, 看电影, 学习, 因此, 咖啡馆应对顾客提供适当的设施和服务. 咖啡店品牌的积极差距对愿意去再光顾有积极的影响表明顾客满意度越高, 顾客越愿意去再光顾. 另一方面, 这一因素的消极差距意味着顾客满意度越低, 顾客再光顾的意愿也越低. 因此, 在本研究中, 与其他评估的因素相比, 品牌因素对满意度有较大的影响. 鉴于国内咖啡文化变得越来越高级, 大专院校的学生对这一趋势也很敏感, 所以学生有很多可选择的品牌. 在韩国最高级的咖啡店, 外墙是玻璃建造的并可以打开, 内部是充满异国情调的开放式厨房. 这些高级咖啡店作为标志的功能复合大专院校学生的品味. 韩国咖啡店已成为一个文化品牌. 从品牌因素来看, 为了让顾客觉得这些咖啡店是高级的, 高质量的设备和提供更好服务的措施应当建立起来. 韩国咖啡馆作为蓬勃发展的行业品牌竞争加剧的结果表明, 提供与竞争对手不同的额外服务是有必要的. 顾客可以免费使用扫描仪. 另一个可以用来提高品牌的战略是提供和经营为集体学习而准备的讨论会议室. 如果咖啡馆采取这些类型的策略, 学院/大学的学生将更有可能认为他们承担的费用是值得的, 随后, 他们将可能更满足这些咖啡馆的品牌, 并更愿意再次光顾. 性别和学习年数对总体满意度和再光顾的意愿有最消极的营销. 女学生比男学生更容易满足和再光顾. 三, 四年级的学生比一, 二年级的学生更容易满足和再光顾. 喝咖啡的学生, 单独在咖啡店看书, 用笔记本电脑是很容易被注意到的. 高年级学生为了有效地利用时间用于自我发展和寻找工作往往独自光顾咖啡店. 从积极的差距来看, 经济效率这一因素对总体满意度和愿意再光顾有最大的影响. 与咖啡价格一起, 学生实际满意度（差距）越高, 总体满意度和再光顾的意愿也越高. 有消极差距的经济效率队再光顾有消极营销的结果表明较小的消极差距可以让再光顾的意愿更高. 在持续恶化的市场环境中, 坐落在大专院校附近的咖啡店采取诸如积分或会员卡, 和信用卡 公司的战略联盟, 发展套餐菜单或季节菜单和免费咖啡服务这些战略来提高竞争力. 就消极差距而言产品功率也有消极的影响, 这表明较高的负差距会导致较低的再光顾的意愿. 因为还有更多的客户比前几十年, 在这十年里更喜欢咖啡, 新一代的客户, 即学院/大学的学生, 希望除了咖啡还有更重菜单项目. 因此, 咖啡店应当增加配菜项目, 如华夫饼, 糕, 蛋糕, 三明治和沙拉. 例如, 星巴克韩国正在努力加强卖草莓糕, 艾草香味, 南瓜产品, 并提供免费的咖啡或奶油. 总而言之, 咖啡馆应注重提高其经济效率, 品牌和产品功率, 以加强大专院校学生的满意度. 由于店铺毗邻学大专院校可享受地缘优势, 就经济效率, 品牌和产品功率而言提供不同的服务, 很可能会提高客户满意度和回访. 咖啡厅的品牌, 因此, 应不断创新和变化, 以满足顾客的愿望. 由于这项研究只是针对在首尔的大专院校的学生, 需要针对不同地区和年龄组的比较研究来概括本研究的结果和建议.