• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.491-499
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• 2012

The hyperbolic metric is invariant under the action of M$\ddot{o}$bius maps and unbounded. For 0 < $r$ < 1, there is an r-lattice in the Bergman metric. Using this r-lattice, we get the measure ${\mu}_r$ and the Toeplitz operator $T^{\alpha}_{\mu}_r$ and we prove that $T^{\alpha}_{\mu}_r$ is bounded and $T^{\alpha}_{\mu}_r$ is compact under some condition.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.269-282
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• 1996

It has long been known that Wiener measure and Wiener measurbility behave badly under the change of scale transformation [3] and under translation [2]. However, Cameron and Storvick [4] obtained the fact that the analytic Feynman integral was expressed as a limit of Wiener integrals for a rather larger class of functionals on a classical Wienrer space.

• Architectural research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine design preferences for the sales spaces of duty-free shops (DFSs) by conducting image evaluations. The results will help improve quality by influencing designs for the construction, extension or remodeling of these shops. An image measurement method, the semantic differential method, was used to measure cognitive structure using photos of shops. Photos were collected of the DFS at Jeju Island, as well as photos of brand stores designed by architects. Two sets of 16 photos (32 different photos in all) were selected according to photo classification standards and design concepts, both decided by reviewing previous studies and related materials. The evaluation and survey were done by two sets of subjects: sales employees, who have experience and special knowledge of the evaluation of sales space; and students majoring in architecture. To strengthen the evaluation results, I conducted a preliminary survey and a main survey, verifying and complementing findings. 116 surveys were conducted, of which 14 were of poor quality and rejected, leaving and 102 to be analyzed. The collected surveys were statistically analyzed, using SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Reliability, image profile, factor and multi-dimensional scaling analyses were conducted. As a result, image evaluation structure and characteristics were obtained for sales spaces of DFSs, confirming the difference between them and other spaces.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 2014

Anamorphosis is highly favored in modern days as the atmosphere of pursuing unusual manners is growing while transformation and distortion of images are freely available. This research is to understand the affect of these distorted images on space designs and the close connection between anamorphosis and visual perceptions, and to identify the new perceptual phenomenon created through it, and the methods of expressing those. Four expressional methods were defined through the process of studying Anamorphosis based on its definition by Niceron, examining artworks such as paintings and photographs, and case-studying example spaces of visual perception experiments. Expressing anamorphosis through visual perceptions are broadly categorized to directional, dimensional, flatness, and optical. The analysis of 10 case projects suggests that the experimental spaces offer joys of finding and interpreting metaphorical forms and meanings caused by the four characteristic categories above. Also, they artificially show the boundaries between reality and virtual spaces in 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional spaces, and form hyper-boundaries, new experience, and an internal mechanism that is vague and chaotic. Therefore, this research concludes that anamorphosis which is a distorted perspective, is not only a simple measure to overcome perspectival errors, but is an existence suitable to the current era, that will extend its potential and value in spatial design.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.2140-2146
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• 2009

Since tags do not have location informations, the identifiers of tags which are symbolic data are used as the location informations. Therefore, it is difficult to define the proxmity between two trajectories of tags and inefficient to process the user queries for tags. In this paper, we define the perceptual space to model the location of a tag and propose the proximity of the perceptual spaces. The proximity of the perceptual spaces is composed of the static proximity and dynamic proximity. Using the proximity of the perceptual spaces, it is possible to measure the proximity between two trajectories of tags and build the efficient indexes for tag trajectories. We evaluated the performance of the proposed proximity function for tag trajectories on the IR-tree and the $R^*$-tree.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.935-955
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• 2020

In this paper we present a measurable version of the Smale's spectral decomposition theorem for homeomorphisms on compact metric spaces. More precisely, we prove that if a homeomorphism f on a compact metric space X is invariantly measure expanding on its chain recurrent set CR(f) and has the eventually shadowing property on CR(f), then f has the spectral decomposition. Moreover we show that f is invariantly measure expanding on X if and only if its restriction on CR(f) is invariantly measure expanding. Using this, we characterize the measure expanding diffeomorphisms on compact smooth manifolds via the notion of Ω-stability.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.649-659
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to generalize the Carleson inequality, which is known to play important roles in harmonic analysis. The result given here is a generalization of Coifmann, Meyer, Stein [CMS]. A similar result is shown by Deng [D].

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.833-842
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• 2011

We prove that Toeplitz operators with symbols in RW are bounded and we calculate some upper bounds of the norm of these Toeplitz operators. We also analyze n-th derivative of Toeplitz operators and get some local estimates.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.145-154
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• 2015

With the rapid change of rural communities and increasing desire for social welfare, the demand for the quality of public spaces and facilities is increasing. However, inefficient location of rural public space and facility has caused problems such as economic inefficiency, inconvenient accessibility, environmental pollution, unsustainable energy use, and disturbance of visual landscape. This study aims to evaluate suitability of public spaces and facilities in three types of rural village: rural downtown village, rural clustered village, and individual village. As a way to measure the suitability of public spaces and facilities, we assessed indicators of suitability in terms of accessibility, usability, biophysical environment, and sustainable management. To evaluate the accessibility, we applied indicators such as distance from residential areas, public transit, market and public facilities. For the evaluation of biophysical environment, we applied indicators such as slope, elevation, aspect, and occurrence of natural disasters. We analyzed digital maps representing the indicators listed above using GIS. We also conducted a survey and face-to-face interviews to evaluate usability and sustainability of management which are not possible to understand through maps. As a result, we identified that suitability of public spaces and facilities in downtown villages is higher than clustered and individual villages. In particular, suitability of infrastructure facilities, social welfare facilities, and income generation facilities in downtown village are higher than those in clustered and individual villages. The suitability of tourism facilities is generally lower than other types of public facility across the three types of villages. Tourism facilities in clustered village have been identified especially unsuitable compared to other types of villages. We expect the outcome of the research is helpful to improve allocation of public spaces and facilities in rural villages.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.381-389
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• 2009

Confined spaces are inherently dangerous workplace and many fatal and nonfatal accidents have been reported. Even though these accidents occur in various kinds of confined spaces, there has rarely been reported on the health hazard agent, i.e., the types of gases and their concentration ranges. Therefore in this study, we evaluated several toxic and asphyxiating gas concentrations in various confined spaces. We surveyed 57 manholes, 3 sewage treatment plants, 2 yellow radish manufacturing companies and 7 barges to measure the concentrations of oxygen($O_2$), hydrogen sulfide($H_2S$), carbon monoxide(CO), ammonia($NH_3$). Lower Explosion Limits(LEL) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Those four types of confined spaces occupies 56% of accidents during last 9 years in Korea. In 57 manholes, the concentration varied according to the types of manholes; rainfall and sewage, and by location; residential and industrial areas. Sewage manhole in industrial area was evaluated as the most hazardous than other types of manhole like rainfall manholes, residential sewage manholes. The highest $H_2S$ concentration and the lowest $O_2$ concentration at sewage manhole in industrial area were 300 ppm, 8.7% respectively. In 3 sewage treatment plants, $H_2S$ and $NH_3$ concentrations were reached up to the 500 ppm and 200 ppm respectively. Two yellow radish manufacturing companies showed the concentrations of 316 ppm, 505.2 ppm, 90 ppm and 15.7% for $H_2S$, CO, VOCs and $O_2$, respectively. Seven barges showed 15.9%~20.9% oxygen concentration. Gas species and concentration ranges varied by the types and location of confined spaces; CO, $H_2S$, $O_2$ could be hazardous in manhole, especially manhole connected to sewage plants. CO, $H_2S$, LEL, $O_2$, $NH_3$ should be controlled in sludge silo and sluge pumping confined spaces in sewage treatment plant. The activity of lifting out radish from the storage tank was evaluated more hazardous rather than the other activities in yellow radish manufacturing industry. The employers must conduct the survey to identify all possible confined spaces in their local workplace prior to performing the tasks. At the national level to reduce the accidents in the confined spaces, we suggest that systemic approach and active education program including possible hazards, standard operation procedures, ventilation plan, and personal protective equipment in confined spaces should be implemented.